A topological characterization of the ω-limit sets for analytic flows on the plane, the sphere and the projective plane

In this paper the ω-limit sets for analytic and polynomial differential equations on the plane are characterized up to homeomorphisms. The analogous problem is solved in full detail for analytic flows on the sphere and the projective plane. We also explain how to carry on the same program for analytic flows defined on open subsets of these surfaces.     

A theory for flow switchability in discontinuous dynamical systems

The G-functions for discontinuous dynamical systems are introduced to investigate singularity in discontinuous dynamical systems. Based on the new G-function, the switchability of a flow from a domain to an adjacent one is discussed. Further, the full and half sink and source, non-passable flows to the separation boundary in discontinuous dynamical systems are discussed. A flow to the separation boundary in a discontinuous dynamical system can be passable or non-passable. Therefore, the switching bifurcations between the passable and non-passable flows are presented. Finally, the first integral quantity increment for discontinuous dynamical systems is given instead of the Melnikov function to develop the iterative mapping relations.     

A topological classification of integrable geodesic flows on the two-dimensional sphere with an additional integral quadratic in the momenta

Summary The analytic expression for a Riemannian metric on a 2-sphere, having integrable geodesic flow with an additional integral quadratic in momenta, is given in [Ko1]. We give the topological classification, up to topological equivalence of Liouville foliations, of all such metrics. The classification is computable, and the formula for calculating the complexity of the flow is straightforward. We prove Fomenko's conjecture that, from the point of view of complexity, the integrable geodesic flows with an additional integral linear or quadratic in momenta exhaust “almost all” integrable geodesic flows on the 2-dimensional sphere.     

Complete involutive algebras of functions on cotangent bundles of homogeneous spaces

Homogeneous spaces of all compact Lie groups admit Riemannian metrics with completely integrable geodesic flows by means of C –smooth integrals [9, 10]. The purpose of this paper is to give some constructions of complete involutive algebras of analytic functions, polynomial in velocities, on the (co)tangent bundles of homogeneous spaces of compact Lie groups. This allows us to obtain new integrable Riemannian and sub-Riemannian geodesic flows on various homogeneous spaces, such as Stiefel manifolds, flag manifolds and orbits of the adjoint actions of compact Lie groups. Mathematics Subject Classification (2000): 70H06, 37J35, 53D17, 53D25     

Asymptotic and numerical solutions of three‐dimensional boundary‐layer flow past a moving wedge

We consider a laminar boundary‐layer flow of a viscous and incompressible fluid past a moving wedge in which the wedge is moving either in the direction of the mainstream flow or opposite to it. The mainstream flows outside the boundary layer are approximated by a power of the distance from the leading boundary layer. The variable pressure gradient is imposed on the boundary layer so that the system admits similarity solutions. The model is described using 3‐dimensional boundary‐layer equations that contains 2 physical parameters: pressure gradient (β) and shear‐to‐strain‐rate ratio parameter (α). Two methods are used: a linear asymptotic analysis in the neighborhood of the edge of the boundary layer and the Keller‐box numerical method for the full nonlinear system. The results show that the flow field is divided into near‐field region (mainly dominated by viscous forces) and far‐field region (mainstream flows); the velocity profiles form through an interaction between 2 regions. Also, all simulations show that the subsequent dynamics involving overshoot and undershoot of the solutions for varying parameter characterizing 3‐dimensional flows. The pressure gradient (favorable) has a tendency of decreasing the boundary‐layer thickness in which the velocity profiles are benign. The wall shear stresses increase unboundedly for increasing α when the wedge is moving in the x‐direction, while the case is different when it is moving in the y‐direction. Further, both analysis show that 3‐dimensional boundary‐layer solutions exist in the range −1<α<∞. These are some interesting results linked to an important class of boundary‐layer flows.     

Integration of Geodesic Flows on Homogeneous Spaces: The Case of a Wild Lie Group

We obtain necessary and sufficient conditions for the integrability in quadratures of geodesic flows on homogeneous spaces M with invariant and central metrics. The proposed integration algorithm consists in using a special canonical transformation in the space T ^* M based on constructing the canonical coordinates on the orbits of the coadjoint representation and on the simplectic sheets of the Poisson algebra of invariant functions. This algorithm is applicable to integrating geodesic flows on homogeneous spaces of a wild Lie group.     

Existence and exponential stability in Lr‐spaces of stationary Navier–Stokes flows with prescribed flux in infinite cylindrical domains

We prove existence, uniqueness and exponential stability of stationary Navier–Stokes flows with prescribed flux in an unbounded cylinder of ?ⁿ,n?3, with several exits to infinity provided the total flux and external force are sufficiently small. The proofs are based on analytic semigroup theory, perturbation theory and L^r ? L^q‐estimates of a perturbation of the Stokes operator in L^q‐spaces. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Nonlinear Stability of Nonstationary Cross-Flow Vortices in Compressible Boundary Layers

The nonlinear evolution of long-wavelength non stationary cross-flow vortices in a compressible boundary layer is investigated; the work extends that of Gajjar [1] to flows involving multiple critical layers. The basic flow profile considered in this paper is that appropriate for a fully three-dimensional boundary layer with O(1) Mach number and with wall heating or cooling. The governing equations for the evolution of the cross-flow vortex are obtained, and some special cases are discussed. One special case includes linear theory, where exact analytic expressions for the growth rate of the vortices are obtained. Another special case is a generalization of the Bassom and Gajjar [2] results for neutral waves to compressible flows. The viscous correction to the growth rate is derived, and it is shown how the unsteady nonlinear critical layer structure merges with that for a Haberman type of viscous critical layer.     

Uniform Shrinking and Expansion under Isotropic Brownian Flows

We study some finite time transport properties of isotropic Brownian flows. Under a certain nondegeneracy condition on the potential spectral measure, we prove that uniform shrinking or expansion of balls under the flow over some bounded time interval can happen with positive probability. We also provide a control theorem for isotropic Brownian flows with drift. Finally, we apply the above results to show that, under the nondegeneracy condition, the length of a rectifiable curve evolving in an isotropic Brownian flow with strictly negative top Lyapunov exponent converges to zero as t→∞ with positive probability. P. Baxendale’s research was supported in part by NSF Grant DMS-05-04853.     

Self-adjoint elliptic operators and manifold decompositions part I: Low Eigenmodes and stretching

This paper is the first of a three-part investigation into the behavior of analytical invariants of manifolds that can be split into the union of two submanifolds. In this article, we will show how the low eigensolutions of a self-adjoint elliptic operator over such a manifold can be studied by a splicing construction. This construction yields an approximated solution of the operator whenever we have two L²-solutions on both sides and a common limiting value of two extended L²-solutions. In Part II, the present analytic “Mayer-Vietoris” results on low eigensolutions and further analytic work will be used to obtain a decomposition theorem for spectral flows in terms of Maslov indices of Lagrangians. In Part III after comparing infinite- and finite-dimensional Lagrangians and determinant line bundles and then introducing “canonical perturbations” of Lagrangian subvarieties of symplectic varieties, we will study invariants of 3-manifolds, including Casson's invariant. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

Integrable magnetic geodesic flows on lie groups

On Lie group manifolds, we consider right-invariant magnetic geodesic flows associated with 2-cocycles of the corresponding Lie algebras. We investigate the algebra of the integrals of motion of magnetic geodesic flows and also formulate a necessary and sufficient condition for their integrability in quadratures, giving the canonical forms of 2-cocycles for all four-dimensional Lie algebras and selecting integrable cases. __________ Translated from Teoreticheskaya i Matematicheskaya Fizika, Vol. 156, No. 2, pp. 189–206, August, 2008.     

Stokes流和理想流体轴对称问题的解析函数法

本文利用流函数解的完备性和共轭势函数的概念,导出了轴对称Stokes流和理想流体完备的速度和压力的解析函数表达式解.作为它的应用,我们求出关于球的缓慢绕流问题的解.     

Asymptotic behavior of vortices in axisymmetric flow without swirl

We investigate the confinement properties of bounded, nonnegative, compactly supported vortices of axisymmetric incompressible Euler flows without swirl. We show that along one direction of the symmetry axis, its support can grow no faster than O[(t log t)^1/2]. The rate at which it approaches the symmetry axis is also estimated. Together with the result of Maffei–Marchioro on the radial growth rate of the support, it is contained in a slowly expanding tubular region. The techniques of the above‐mentioned authors, Iftimie–Lopes–Nussenzveig and Iftimie–Sideris–Gamblin, are used. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Edge flows in the complete random‐lengths network

Consider the complete n‐vertex graph whose edge‐lengths are independent exponentially distributed random variables. Simultaneously for each pair of vertices, put a constant flow between them along the shortest path. Each edge gets some random total flow. In the n→∞limit we find explicitly the empirical distribution of these edge‐flows, suitably normalized. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Random Struct. Alg., 2010     

垂直管道中密相两相流动的解析解

本文依据文献[1]的密相两相流动的数学模型,对垂直圆管中密相两相流动进行了解析求解,分别得到了连续相和分散相的速度解析表达式.在相间阻力与相间速度差成比例时,除了在离管壁面很近的薄区之外,管道流动规律与达西渗流定律完全一致.本文验证了文献[1]的密相两相流动数学模型的假定在本文情形下是合理的.     

On the unbounded increase in vorticity and velocity circulation in stratified and homogenous fluid flows

We consider the Oberbeck-Boussinesq system without dissipation (ideal convection) in a horizontal layer and in a “barrel” with flat bottom and flat cover. It is shown that the velocity circulation along a fluid contour consisting of two fluid curves on the bottom and on the cover connected by two isothermic fluid curves can be calculated explicitly and is a linear function of time. The serre result stating that the azimuthal component of vorticity in rotationally symmetric ideal fluid flows between coaxial cylinders increases linearly is generalized to the case of stratified fluids. It is proved that all plane and axially symmetric isothermic flows in a layer or in a barrel are unstable with respect to nonisothermic perturbations and in the case of a homogenous fluid all axially symmetric flows between coaxial cylinders are unstable in the sense of Lyapunov with respect to perturbations of the azimuthal component of the velocity in any metric including the maximum of magnitude of vorticity. Translated fromMaternaticheskie Zametki, Vol. 68, No. 4, pp. 627–636, October, 2000.     

The Blow-up Locus of Heat Flows for Harmonic Maps

Abstract Let M and N be two compact Riemannian manifolds. Let u _k (x, t) be a sequence of strong stationary weak heat flows from M×R ⁺ to N with bounded energies. Assume that u _k→u weakly in H ^{1, 2}(M×R ⁺, N) and that Σ^t is the blow-up set for a fixed t > 0. In this paper we first prove Σ^t is an H ^m−2-rectifiable set for almost all t∈R ⁺. And then we prove two blow-up formulas for the blow-up set and the limiting map. From the formulas, we can see that if the limiting map u is also a strong stationary weak heat flow, Σ^t is a distance solution of the (m− 2)-dimensional mean curvature flow [1]. If a smooth heat flow blows-up at a finite time, we derive a tangent map or a weakly quasi-harmonic sphere and a blow-up set ∪_t<0Σ^t× {t}. We prove the blow-up map is stationary if and only if the blow-up locus is a Brakke motion. This work is supported by NSF grant     

Equidistribution of expanding translates of curves and Dirichlet’s theorem on diophantine approximation

We show that for almost all points on any analytic curve on ℝ ^k which is not contained in a proper affine subspace, the Dirichlet’s theorem on simultaneous approximation, as well as its dual result for simultaneous approximation of linear forms, cannot be improved. The result is obtained by proving asymptotic equidistribution of evolution of a curve on a strongly unstable leaf under certain partially hyperbolic flow on the space of unimodular lattices in ℝ ^k+1. The proof involves Ratner’s theorem on ergodic properties of unipotent flows on homogeneous spaces. Dedicated to my inspiring teacher Professor A.R. Rao (VASCSC, Ahmedabad) on his 100th birthday. Research supported in part by Swarnajayanti Fellowship.     

Projection functions for particle-grid methods

Random walk particle methods (RWPM) can be used in operator splitting schemes to simulate reactive solute transport in porous media. Projection functions are used to transfer particle location and mass information to concentrations at selected spatial points. Because of the stochastic nature of RWPM, concentration estimates made from particle distributions include a “noisy” error component. In some cases of reactive or density-dependent flows, this type of error may be propagated forward in time. It can be reduced by using larger numbers of particles or by using different projection functions. The effects of using different projection functions or numbers of particles in different flow regimes or dimensions are explored using concentration solutions for a set of one-, two-, and three-dimensional nonreactive test problems. Resulting solutions are compared with analytic results and classical random walk error estimates. A piecewise linear projection function provides a reasonable improvement in accuracy over the more convenient box methods at a modest increase in cost. The support of the projection functions should be O(Δx) to avoid excessive smearing. Multidimensional projection functions may be advantageously formed by products of different one-dimensional projection functions.