Unusual Co-Crystallization of both Monomeric and Dimeric Forms of Cu[PhN(py)quin]Cl<Subscript>2</Subscript>

Abstract  

The aryl functionalized diquinolyl amine MesN(quin)₂ (1) and the pyridyl-quinolyl amine (2,6-iPr₂C₆H₃)N(py)quin (2) have been prepared via palladium catalyzed cross-coupling of substituted anilines with 2-chloroquinoline. The HBF₄ acid salts of (2,6-ⁱPr₂C₆H₃)N(quin)₂ (3) and MesN(py)quin (4), as well as the copper complex [Cu{PhN(py)quin}Cl₂] (5) have been prepared in order to probe the effect that ligand coordination has on its geometry. The molecular structures of each have been determined by X-ray crystallography. The free ligands 1 and 2 crystallize in three-bladed propellar conformations, having smaller degrees of “pitch” between the two heterocycles than either has with the aryl “blade”, allowing for greater heterocycle π-system overlap with the amine lone pair. Acid confinement of similar ligands in 3 and 4 results in forced coplanarity of the two heterocycles, which coordinate the HBF₄ proton in an asymmetric fashion. The copper complex 5 crystallizes with both monomeric and dimeric forms present in the asymmetric unit. Crystal data: (1) Space group P2₁/c, a = 14.058(3), b = 12.202(2), c = 12.831(3) ?, β = 104.61(3)°, V = 2129.8(8) ?³, Z = 4, R = 0.0596, wR₂ = 0.1453. (2) Space group P2₁/c, a = 22.250(4), b = 8.628(2), c = 23.031(5) ?, β = 92.88(3)°, V = 4370(2) ?³, Z = 8, R = 0.0514, wR₂ = 0.1323. (3) Space group Pbca, a = 13.886(3), b = 18.016(4), c = 21.347(4) ?, V = 5340(2) ?³, Z = 8, R = 0.0722, wR₂ = 0.1635. (4) Space group P2₁/c, a = 10.629(2), b = 18.489(4), c = 10.907(2) ?, β = 92.88(3), V = 2140.6(7) ?³, Z = 4, R = 0.0551, wR₂ = 0.1531. (5) Space group \text P[`1]{\text P}\bar{1}, a = 9.706(2), b = 11.325(2), c = 17.322(4) ?, α = 98.28(3), β = 94.85(3), γ = 91.83(3)°, V = 1875.6(7) ?³, Z = 1, R = 0.0481, wR₂ = 0.0946.     

Structural Studies of (Pyridine)<Subscript>3</Subscript>ZnFe(CO)<Subscript>4</Subscript> and (Pyridine)(Neocuproin)CdFe(CO)<Subscript>4</Subscript>

Abstract  

The structure of the previously reported (py)₃ZnFe(CO)₄ (py = pyridine) has been determined, confirming the monomeric nature of this species. The complex has average Zn–N and Zn–Fe bond lengths of 2.0970(7) and 2.4017(3) ?, and features a coordination geometry about Fe which is intermediate between trigonal bipyramidal and face monocapped tetrahedral. The space group is P2₁/c, with a = 8.22080(10) ?, b = 16.1668(3) ?, c = 15.4669(3) ?, β = 102.5869(11)°, V = 2006.21(6) ?³, D_calc. = 1.558 g/cm³ at 150(1) K. A monomeric cadmium analogue, (pyridine)(neocuproin)CdFe(CO)₄, has also been synthesized, and found to possess a similar geometry, with average Cd–N and Cd–Fe bond lengths of 2.352(2) and 2.5380(5) ?. The space group is P[`1] P\overline{1} with a = 10.8900(2) ?, b = 11.3042(3) ?, c = 15.5488(4) ?, α = 85.1251(10)°, β = 84.3468(14)°, γ = 72.0377(15)°, V = 1808.93(7) ?³, D_calc. = 1.478 g/cm³ at 150(1) K.     

Copper(I) Complex [Cu(ca<Subscript>2</Subscript>dapte)(NCS)] with the Flexible N<Subscript>2</Subscript>S<Subscript>2</Subscript> Schiff-base Tridentate Ligand: Synthesis,Characterization and Crystal Structure

Abstract  

New copper(I) complex involving the flexible N₂S₂ Schiff-base ligand ca₂dapte [Cu(ca₂dapte)(NCS)], [ca₂dapte = N,N′-bis-(cinnamaldehyde)-1,2-di(o-iminophenylthio)ethane], has been synthesized and structurally characterized by X-ray diffraction analysis. The coordination polyhedron around the Cu(I) center is best described as a distorted tetrahedron. The flexible N₂S₂ Schiff-base ligand ca₂dapte acts as a tridentate ligand via two S atoms and one N atom, while the NCS^- ligand is coordinated to the metal ion through its nitrogen atom. Crystal data: space group P-1, a = 10.7486(7), b = 12.3737(13), c = 12.7578(11) ?, α = 89.385(7), β = 68.527(7), γ = 66.190(8)°; V = 1425.8(2) ?³, Z = 2, R = 0.0417, wR ₂ = 0.0744.     

Synthesis and Crystal Structure of [Li(THF)<Subscript>4</Subscript>]Cu<Subscript>2</Subscript>Br<Subscript>4</Subscript>

The mixed-valence compound [Li(THF)₄]Cu₂Br₄ was synthesized in a redox reaction from 1,4-dihydroxynaphthalene, CuBr₂ and LiNtBuSiMe₃ in THF. X-ray quality crystals of [Li(THF)₄]Cu₂Br₄ (monoclinic, P2₁/c) are obtained from the mother liquor at ambient temperature. In the solid state, infinite chains of anionic [Cu₂Br₄]⁻ units are established. These chains are separated by [Li(THF)₄]⁺ cations.     

Synthesis and crystal structure of the [Co<Subscript>2</Subscript>(Nicotinamide)<Subscript>4</Subscript>(C<Subscript>4</Subscript>H<Subscript>9</Subscript>COO)<Subscript>4</Subscript>(H<Subscript>2</Subscript>O)] complex

The [Co₂ L ₄(C₄H₉COO)₄(H₂O)] coordination compound of cobalt(II) valerate with nicotinamide (L) is synthesized and studied by IR spectroscopy. The crystal structure of the synthesized compound is determined. The crystals are triclinic, and the unit cell parameters are as follows: a = 10.2759(10) Å, b = 16.3858(10) Å, c = 16.4262(10) Å, α = 100.538(10)°, β = 101.199(10)°, γ = 90.813 (10)°, Z = 2, and space group P \(\bar 1\). The structural units of the crystal are dimeric molecular complexes in which pairs of cobalt atoms are linked by triple bridges formed by oxygen atoms of two bidentately coordinated valerate anions and a water molecule. The octahedral coordination of each cobalt atom is complemented by the pyridine nitrogen atoms of two nicotinamide ligands and the oxygen atom of the monodentate valerate group. The hydrocarbon chains of the valerate anions are disordered over two or three positions each.     

Synthesis and characterization of a lead(II) complex [Pb(phen)(H<Subscript>2</Subscript>O)(NO<Subscript>3</Subscript>)<Subscript>2</Subscript>] (phen = 1,10-phenanthroline)

The monomeric lead(II) complex, [Pb(phen)(H₂O)(NO₃)₂] was prepared by a hydrothermal reaction of Pb(NO₃)₂, nitrilotriacetic acid, NaOH, 1,10-phenanthroline, and H₂O. The structure was determined by X-ray crystallography. It crystallizes in monoclinic P2(1)/n space group with the crystal cell parameters of a = 6.3568(6), b = 20.2345(19), c = 11.2722(9) Å, β = 98.337(4)^°, V = 1434.6(2) ų, and Z = 4. The crystal X-ray analysis shows that the lead atom is six-coordinated by two N atoms of phen ligand, three oxygen atoms of nitrate anions and one water molecule. Owing to the presence of a lone pair of electrons of lead atom, a significant gap occurs in the coordination geometry around Pb ion. A 3D architecture is formed through the strong hydrogen bonding and π–π stacking interactions.     

Structural Studies of [Ru(1,8-naphthyridine)<Subscript>4</Subscript>]<Superscript>2+</Superscript> and [Ru(1,5-cyclooctadiene)(1,8-naphthyridine)<Subscript>2</Subscript>]<Superscript>2+</Superscript> as their Tetraphenylborate Salts

Abstract  

The previously reported [Ru(naph)₄]²⁺ complex (naph = 1,8-naphthyridine) has been prepared by a simplified route using [RuCl₂(1,5-COD)] _x (COD = cyclooctadiene) as starting material and isolated as its tetraphenylborate salt. The salt crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P2₁/n with a = 13.6531(3) ?, b = 12.5389(4) ?, c = 20.0349(5) ?, β = 96.5884(15)o, V = 3407.22(16) ?, D _calc = 1.300 at 150(1) K. The dication has crystallographically imposed inversion symmetry. Although the iron analogue has been found to have a coordination number of eight, the ruthenium complex is only six-coordinate, which is achieved by the presence of two monodentate and two bidentate 1,8-naphthyridine ligands. The observation of a higher coordination number for Fe(II) vs. Ru(II) can be explained by the high spin nature of the iron complex. A byproduct complex, [Ru(1,5-COD)(naph)₂][B(C₆H₅)₄]₂, could also be synthesized, isolated pure, and structurally characterized. The organometallic complex possesses an 18 electron configuration by virtue of the dicationic metal center being coordinated by the diene ligand and all four nitrogen lone pairs. This salt crystallizes in the triclinic space group \textP[`1] {\text{P}}\bar{1} with a = 12.9538(3) ?, b = 14.9485(3) ?, c = 17.4291(3) ?, α = 69.0649(11)o, β = 78.3211(9)o, γ = 78.5629(10)o, V = 3057.50(11) ?³, D _calc = 1.293 at 150(1) K.     

Synthesis and crystal structure of bis(malonato)tetra (aqua)barium(II)cobalt(II): [BaCo(C<Subscript>3</Subscript>H<Subscript>2</Subscript>O<Subscript>4</Subscript>)<Subscript>2</Subscript>(H<Subscript>2</Subscript>O)<Subscript>4</Subscript>]

The title compound [BaCo(C₃H₂O₄)₂(H₂O)₄] was synthesized and its crystal structure was determined. The compound is orthorhombic, space group Pccn with a = 18.974(3) Å, b = 6.783(2) Å, c = 9.394(4) Å. The structure is polymeric and consists of edge-sharing BaO₈ polyhedra and CoO₆ octahedra linked together by the malonate groups. The geometry around the Ba(II) centres is a slightly distorted square-antiprism with Ba–O distances ranging from 2.789(4) to 2.843(4) Å. Around the Co(II) centres, the coordination forms a distorted octahedron with Co–O bonds between 2.040(3) and 2.238(4) Å.     

Synthesis,Crystal Structure and Luminescence Property of a Chiral Magnesium (II) Mixed-ligand Complex [Mg(H<Subscript>2</Subscript>O)<Subscript>2</Subscript>(phen)(HBDC)<Subscript>2</Subscript>](phen)

Abstract  

A new mixed-ligand complex of [Mg(H₂O)₂(phen)(HBDC)₂](phen) (phen = 1, 10-phenanthroline, H₂BDC = 1,3-benzene dicarboxylic acid) has been synthesized and its crystal structure determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. It is noteworthy that this complex was formed from achiral reactants, and found to crystallize in the chiral space group C2. Structure analysis shows that each Mg(II) ion is coordinated by the two nitrogen atoms of phen, one oxygen atom from each of the two 1,3-HBDC molecules and one oxygen atom from each of the two water molecules, leading to a distorted octahedral geometry. The mixed-ligand complexes are assembled into a two-dimensional supramolecular network through the formation of intermolecular hydrogen bonds. The luminescence property and thermal stability behavior of the complex were also investigated. The complex shows a strong blue luminescence emission. Crystal data: a = 24.5856(16), b = 10.1598(6), c = 7.1460(4) ?, β = 105.226(2)o, V = 1722.30(18)?³, Z = 2, R ₁ = 0.0367, wR ₂ = 0.0833 [I>2σ(I)].     

Synthesis and Crystal Structure of Complex [Nd(2-FC<Subscript>6</Subscript>H<Subscript>4</Subscript>COO)<Subscript>3</Subscript>·(2-FC<Subscript>6</Subscript>H<Subscript>4</Subscript>COOH)·H<Subscript>2</Subscript>O]<Subscript>2</Subscript>

The neodymium complex with 2-fluorobenzoic acid was synthesized and characterized by X-ray diffraction. The complex crystallizes in the triclinic system with space group Pī, lattice parameters: a = 9.2747(10) Å, b = 11.7594(13) Å, c = 13.5158(14) Å, α = 110.220(2)°, β = 93.930(2)°, γ = 90.894(2)°, V = 1378.8(3) Å³, Z = 1, Dcalc = 1.733 Mg/m³. The complex is a binuclear molecule in which four 2-fluorobenzoato groups act as bidentate and tridentate bridges between the two Nd³⁺ ions. Each Nd³⁺ ion is additionally chelated by one 2-fluorobenzoato group and coordinated by one 2-fluorobenzoic acid and one water molecule.     

Synthesis and structure of a terephthalato-bridged nickel complex [Ni(tpt)(imi)<Subscript>3</Subscript>(H<Subscript>2</Subscript>O)]<Emphasis Type="Italic">n</Emphasis>

At room temperature, a new coordination polymer [Ni(tpt)(imi)₃(H₂O)]n was synthesized by the reaction of NiCl₂?6H₂O, terephthalic acid, and imidazole in aqueous solution. The structure was determined by X-ray crystallography. It crystallizes in monoclinicP2₁/n space group with the crystal cell parameters ofa = 9.8626(4) Å,b = 15.2498(3) Å, andc = 12.7681(3)Å, β = 90.309(2)^°,V = 1920.33(10) ų, andZ = 4. The crystal X-ray analysis shows that each nickel atom is coordinated by three imidazole ligands, two terephthalate ions, and one water molecule. Each terephthalate ion bridges two nickel atoms to form a zigzag chain. The chains are further linked together via hydrogen bonds to a three-dimensional network.     

Synthesis and Structure of [Fe<Subscript>3</Subscript>O(O<Subscript>2</Subscript>CCH<Subscript>2</Subscript>OMe)<Subscript>6</Subscript>(H<Subscript>2</Subscript>O)<Subscript>3</Subscript>][FeCl<Subscript>4</Subscript>]

Abstract  The structure of [Fe₃O(O₂CCH₂OMe)₆(H₂O)₃][FeCl₄] · 2.5H₂O has been determined. The three iron atoms and the μ₃-oxo are coplanar. Each carboxylic ligand is bidentate and links two iron atoms in the cluster. The clusters are linked by intra-trimer hydrogen bonding to form a zigzag motif that forms sheets via hydrogen bonding involving disordered waters of hydration. The [FeCl₄]⁻ anion is intercalated between the hydrogen-bonded sheets. Crystal data: space group P2₁/n, a = 10.276(2), b = 22.793(5), c = 17.091(3) ?, β = 96.66(3)°, V = 3976(1) ?³, Z = 4, R = 0.0837, wR ₂ = 0.1836. Graphical Abstract  The structure of [Fe₃O(O₂CCH₂OMe)₆(H₂O)₃][FeCl₄] · 2.5H₂O has been determined in which the clusters are linked by intra-trimer hydrogen bonding to form a zigzag motif that forms sheets via hydrogen bonding involving disordered waters of hydration.      

Synthesis,Structure and DNA-Binding Studies of Oxamido-Bridged Binuclear Copper(II) Complex: [Cu<Subscript>2</Subscript>(heap)](bipy)(ClO<Subscript>4</Subscript>)<Subscript>2</Subscript>

Abstract  

A new μ-oxamido-bridged copper(II)–copper(II) binuclear complex with formula of [Cu₂(heap)](bipy)(ClO₄)₂, where H₂heap and bipy are N,N′-bis(N-hydroxyethylaminopropyl)-oxamide and 4,4′-bipyridine, respectively, has been synthesized and characterized by elemental analyses, molar conductivity measurement, IR and electronic spectra studies, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The single-crystal X-ray analysis reveals that the complex has two embedded inversion centers at the mid-points of the C6–C6ⁱ bond of the oxamido group and the C7–C7ⁱⁱ bond of the 4,4′-bipyridine, respectively [symmetry code: (i) 2−x, 1−y, 1−z; (ii) =2−x, −y, 1−z]. Copper(II) atom is in a square-planar coordination geometry. The Cu···Cu separation through the oxamido birdge is 5.1430(8) ?. The bridging ligand (heap²⁻) adopts a bis-tetradentate trans conformation. A one-dimensional hydrogen bonding supramolecular structure parallel to the [2 1 0] direction is found in the crystal. The interaction of the binuclear copper(II) complex with herring sperm DNA (HS-DNA) was investigated by using absorption and emission spectra, electrochemical techniques and viscometry. The results suggest that the binuclear copper(II) complex interacts with HS-DNA by electrostatic interaction with intrinsic binding constant of 1.54 × 10⁴ M⁻¹.     

Structural Analysis of the Phase Transitions of (NH<Subscript>4</Subscript>)<Subscript>4</Subscript>HgBr<Subscript>6</Subscript>

Abstract Single crystal diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry DSC techniques have been used to investigate the different phases of (NH₄)₄HgBr₆, tetrammonium mercury hexabromide, from room temperature to 120 K. Two anomalies in thermal behaviour were detected for this compound at 190 and 268 K, by DSC experiment. X-ray diffraction measurements confirm these anomalies. At room temperature the structure is tetragonal P4/mnc (No. 128) with lattice parameters a = b = 9.25560(8) ?; c = 8.8657(11) ?; V = 759.49(9) ?³ and Z = 2. At T = 250 K the structure is orthorhombic Pnnm with lattice parameters a = 8.8436(8) ?; b = 9.2191(8) ?; c = 9.2232(7) ?; V = 751.97(11) ?³ and Z = 2. Below approximately 200 K the structure is monoclinic P2₁/n (No. 14) with: a = 8.8080(9) ?; b = 9.1608(8) ?; c = 9.1498(8) ?; β = 90.230(7)°; V = 738.28(12) ?³ and Z = 2 (T = 120 K). The structure of (NH₄)₄HgBr₆ consists of isolated HgBr₆-octahedra in the whole temperature range which are slightly compressed in c-direction. The ammonium groups are located between the octahedra ensuring the stability of the structure by hydrogen bonding contacts: N–H···Br. The structural phase transformations are described by a rotation of the [HgBr₆]²⁻ octahedra around the c-axis, and this behaviour is attributed to an orientational disorder of ammonium groups. Index abstract Structural analysis of the phase transitions of (NH₄)₄HgBr₆; M. Loukil, A. Kabadou, I. Svoboda, A. Ben Salah and H. Fuess; The phase transformations in (NH₄)₄HgBr₆ are explained by large rotation of [HgBr₆]²⁻ octahedra around the c-axis.      

Two-dimensional crown ether complex. Synthesis and crystal structure of [Na(N15C5)]<Subscript>2</Subscript>[Cu(mnt)<Subscript>2</Subscript>]

A novel crown ether complex [Na(N15C5)]₂[Cu(mnt)₂] (1) (where N15C5 = 2,3-naphtho-15-crown-5 and mnt = maleonitriledithiolate, [C₂S₂(CN)₂]^2–) was synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, FT-IR spectra, UV-visible spectra and single crystal X-ray diffraction. Structural analysis reveals that the complex 1 consists of two [Na(N15C5)]⁺ complex cations and one [Cu(mnt)₂]^2– complex anion and the complex molecules are assembled into a novel 2D network by Na–N interactions. In the network, there are 34-member macrocycles formed by four sodium ions of complex cations and four complex anions through Na–N bonds. In each macrocycle, – stacking interactions occurred between two parallel naphthylene moieties of N15C5. It is interesting that the 2D network displays an open-capped wave-like sheet viewed along the crystallographic a axis.     

Crystallization of trigonal (Tb,Er)(Fe,Ga)<Subscript>3</Subscript>(BO<Subscript>3</Subscript>)<Subscript>4</Subscript> phases with hantite structure in bismuth trimolybdate-based fluxes

The stability regions of the trigonal (Tb,Er)(Fe,Ga)₃(BO₃)₄ phases are established in (Bi₂Mo₃O₁₂)-based fluxes. The specific features of heterogeneous nucleation and the subsequent phase transformations during transition to the equilibrium are studied in the vicinity of the boundaries. The temperature modes of single crystal growth on seeds are suggested with due regard for the “nonequilibrium effect.”     

Structural Characterization of Na<Subscript>0.96</Subscript>Ho<Subscript>9.04</Subscript>(SiO<Subscript>4</Subscript>)<Subscript>6</Subscript>Cl<Subscript>0.02</Subscript>O<Subscript>1.98</Subscript> Apatite Prepared by Mechanical Milling

Abstract  

In this paper we report the synthesis and structural characterization of Na_0.96Ho_9.04(SiO₄)₆Cl_0.02O_1.98 apatite prepared by mechanical milling at room temperature, in which well crystallized sample was obtained after heating the sample at 1123 K. The crystal structure study was carried out by synchrotron radiation diffraction. This apatite crystallizes in the hexagonal space group P6 ₃ /m (No. 176) with cell parameters a = 9.3444(1) ?, c = 6.7611(1) ?, unit cell volume of 511.27(1) ?³ and Z = 1. As in other rare-earth orthosilicate apatites, it was found that sodium cations are mixed with holmium occupying the 4f position at the center of tricapped trigonal prisms; while holmium fully occupies the 6h position at the center of a seven-coordinated polyhedron. No vacancies are present in the two crystallographic sites available for holmium atoms. The chemical composition was established by wavelength dispersive spectroscopy.     

Crystal Structure of [Zn(2-Bromobenzoato)<Subscript>2</Subscript>]<Subscript><Emphasis Type="Italic">n</Emphasis></Subscript> and [Zn(2-Bromobenzoato)<Subscript>2</Subscript>(<Emphasis Type="Italic">N</Emphasis>-Methylnicotinamide)]<Subscript>2</Subscript>

Abstract  

The syntheses and structural characterizations of two novel 2-bromobenzoatozinc(II) complexes—[Zn(2-BrC₆H₄COO)₂] _n (I) and [Zn(2-BrC₆H₄COO)₂(mnad)]₂ (II), where mnad is N-methylnicotinamide are reported. Compound (I) crystallized with a monoclinic lattice (space group P2₁/c) and is polymeric in solid state. Its cell parameters are: a = 7.37220(10) Å, b = 19.9639(3) Å, c = 30.2756(5) Å, β = 94.7510(7)°, V = 4440.59(12) ų, Z = 4. The coordination environments of all zinc atoms are distorted tetrahedra built from four carboxylate oxygen atoms coming from four 2-bromobenzoato ligands. Compound (II) crystallized with a monoclinic lattice (space group P2₁/c) with a = 11.7488(2) Å, b = 20.3683(3) Å, c = 9.30130(10) Å, β = 100.3941(11)°, V = 2189.30(5) ų, Z = 2. This dimeric molecule features a paddle-wheel [Zn₂O₈] cage in solid state; the coordination environment of the central atom is square pyramidal consisting of four carboxylate oxygen atoms and the pyridine N atom of the mnad ligand.     

Synthesis and Crystal Structure of New Indium Iodate (K<Subscript>0.6</Subscript>Na<Subscript>0.4</Subscript>Ba)In[IO<Subscript>3</Subscript>]<Subscript>6</Subscript>

Crystals of new indium iodate (K_0.6Na_0.4Ba)In[IO₃]₆ were prepared by the hydrothermal synthesis. The unit-cell parameters are a = 11.3984(3) Å, с = 11.3817(3) Å, sp. gr. R3?. The chemical formula of the compound was derived from the structure determination and refinement with anisotropic displacement parameters to R = 0.0284. In the structure the InO₆ octahedra share vertices with six umbrella-like [IO₃]–groups typical of iodates and form isolated 3?-symmetric charged \(\rm{In[IO_{3}]_6^{3-}}\) clusters. Large Ba, K, and Na cations occupy a common site on a threefold axis due to the isomorphous substitution and compensate the charge of the clusters. The new structure extends the family of the recently discovered alkali-metal and barium iodates containing Ti and Zr atoms in octahedral sites. The iodate K₂Ge[IO₃]₆ containing Ge atoms in the centers of octahedra is the parent compound of this structural family.