给定直径的单圈图的边修正Szeged指标的下界

连通图G的边修正Szeged指标Sz_e^*(G)定义为■,其中m_u(e|G),m_v(e|G),m₀(e|G)分别是G中到u点比到v点距离近的边的数目、到v点比到u点距离近的边的数目、以及到u,v两点距离同样近的边的数目.本文通过变换和计算得到了给定直径的单圈图的边修正Szeged指标的下界,并刻画了达到下界的极值图.     

星扇轮联图的邻点可约边染色

对简单图G(V,E),若存在自然数κ(1≤κ≤Δ(G))和映射f:E(G)→{1,2,…,κ}使得对任意相邻两点u,v∈V(G),uv∈E(G),当d(u)=d(v)时,有C(u)=C(u),则f为G的κ-邻点可约边染色(简记为κ-AVREC of G),而x′_(aur)(G)=max{κ|κ-AVREC of G}称为G的邻点可约边染色数.其中C(u)={f(uv)|uv∈E(G)}.证明了联图在若干情况下的邻点可约边染色定理,得到了S_n+S_n,F_n+F_n,W_n+W_n,S_n+F_n,S_n+W_n和F_n+W_n的邻点可约边色数.     

图K_(3,4)∨K_t的点可区别正常边染色

设f是图G的一个正常边染色.对任意x∈V(G),令S(x)表示与点x相关联的边的颜色所构成的集合.若对任意u,v∈V(G),u≠v,有S(u)≠S(v),则称f是图G的一个点可区别正常边染色.对一个图G进行点可区别正常边染色所需的最少的颜色的数目称为G的点可区别正常边色数,记为χ_s'(G).讨论了图K_(3,4)∨K_t的点可区别正常边染色及其色数,利用正多边形的对称性构造染色以及组合分析的方法,确定了图K_(3,4)∨K_t的点可区别正常边色数,得到了当t是大于等于2的偶数以及t是奇数且3≤t≤25时,χ_s'(K_(3,4)∨K_t)=t+7;当t是奇数且t≥27时,χ_s'(K_(3,4)∨K_t)=t+8.     

哈密顿线图的一个充分条件

对于图G的任意边e=uv,边的度定义为d(e)=d(u)+d(v),其中d(u)和d(v)分别为顶点u和v的度.本文的主要结果是: 设G是几乎无桥的p≥2阶简单连通图,且G(?)K_(1,p-1),若对任意相距为2的两边e_1和e_2,d(e_1)+d(e_2)≥2p-6,则G有一个D—闭迹,从而G的线图L(G)是哈密顿的.     

最大度不小于5的外平面图的邻强边染色

图G(V,E)的一k-正常边染色叫做k-邻强边染色当且仅当对任意uv∈E(G)有,f[u]≠f[v],其中f[u]={f(uw)|uw∈E(G)},f(uw)表示边uw的染色.并且x'as(G)=min{k|存在k-图G的邻强边染色}叫做图G的图的邻强边色数.本文证明了对最大度不小于5的外平面图有△≤x'as(G)≤△ 1,且x'as(G)=△ 1当且仅当存在相邻的最大度点.     

C_m·S_n的D(2)-点可区别边色数

对阶数不小于3的连通图G(V,E),设α,β为正整数,令映射f:Ef{1,2,…,α},若u,v∈V(G),1≤d(u,v)≤β,有C(u)≠C(v),则称f为G的一个α-D(β)-点可区别的边染色,简记为α-D(β)-VDPEC,对一个图进行α-D(β)-点可区别的边染色,所需的最少的颜色数称为图G的D(β)-点可区别的边色数,记为χ′β-vd(G),其中d(u,v)表示两个点u,v之间的最短距离.得到了Cm.Sn的D(2)-点可区别边色数.     

Halin图的邻和可区别边染色与边权点染色

记[k]={1,2,…,k),称为颜色集.设φ:E(G)→[k]为图G的边集合到[k]的映射,令f(v)表示与顶点v关联的边的颜色的加和.如果对任意一条边uv∈E(G),都有φ(u)≠φ(v),f(u)≠f(v),则称φ为图G的邻和可区别[k]-边染色,k的最小值称为图G的邻和可区别边色数,记为ndi_Σ(G).若对任意一条边uv∈E(G),都有f(u)≠f(v),则称φ为图G的k-边权点染色,称图G是k-边权可染的.运用组合零点定理证明了对于最大度不等于4的Halin图有:ndi_∑(G)≤Δ(G)+2,并证明了任一Halin图是4-边权可染的.     

图K_(2n)\E(F_4)(n≥12)的点可区别边染色

对简单图G(V,E),设f是从E(G)到{1,2,…,k}的映射,k为自然数,如果.f满足:1)对任意的uv,uw∈E(G),v≠w,有.f(uv)≠f(uw);2)对任意的u,v∈V(G),u≠v,有C(u)≠C(v).则称f为图G的k-点可区别边染色法,而最小的k被称为点可区别边色数(其中C(u)={f(uv)|uv∈E(G)}.研究了图K_(2n)\E(F_4)(n≥12)的点可区别边色数.     

边覆盖临界图的一些性质

设G是一个简单图,其顶点集为V(G)而边集为E(G),S∈E(G)称为 G的一个覆盖,如果由S导出的子图为G的一个生成子图. G的边覆盖色数χ'c(G)是E(G,)所能划分成的最大边覆盖数.已知δ-1 ≤χ'c(G)≤δ,由此将χ'c(G)=δ的图称为CI类图,否则称为CII类图.若G是连通CII类图,且G不是完全图,对任意的u,u∈V(G),e=uv( )E(G),都有χ'c(G+e)＞χ'c(G)成立,则称G为边覆盖临界的.本文研究了边覆盖临界图的一些性质.即若G为边覆盖临界图,则对任意的u,v∈V(G),若e=uv( )E(G),总存在w∈{u,v},有d(w)≤2δ-2,且w至少与max{d(w)-δ+1,3d(w)-4δ+4}个最小度顶点相邻.     

边色数的分类及其有关性质

设图G为简单连通图,由Vizing定理知:Δ(G)≤x′(G)≤Δ(G) 1,其中Δ(G)表示图G的最大顶点次,x′(G)为图G的边色数。若x′(G)=Δ(G),则称G为第一类图,记为G∈C~1;若x′(G)=Δ(G) 1,则称G为第二类图,记为G∈C~2。其他图论术语见一般参考书。一边e(或者顶点v)称为临界的,如果成立x′(G)>x′(G\e)(或者x′(G)>x′(G\v))。图G称为是临界的,如果G∈C~2,且G的每一边是临界的。对于v∈V(G),令d~*(v)=|{u|(v,u)∈E(G)且d(u)=Δ(G)}|。设F={u|d(u)=Δ(G),u∈V(G)},记G_Δ=G[F]。令图G_Δ的圈秩数为b(G_Δ)。     

带宽等于最小度的图的最小边数

本文对带宽等于最小度的图的边数极值问题进行了研究,主要结果如下:对任意给定的正整数n及r(r相似文献   

曲面上曲线复形中边的距离

Let S be a closed orientable surface of genus g ≥ 2,and C（S）the curve complex of S.In the paper,we introduce the concepts of 2-path between edges in C（S）,which can be regarded as an analogue to the edge path between vertices in C（S）.We show that C（S）is 2P-connected,and the 2-diameter of C（S）is infinite.     

均布载荷下两邻边固定、一边简支、一边自由的矩形板的弯曲

用广义简支边概念和叠加法给出的均布载荷下两邻边固定、一边简支、一边自由矩形板的精确解。对正方形自由的挠度和回定边的弯矩进行了数学计算。     

2‐factors with prescribed and proscribed edges

Let G be a finite k‐edge‐connected simple graph. We consider when a set of independent edges can be extended to a 2‐factor such that this 2‐factor avoids a fixed set of independent edges. A complete characterization is provided in those cases, where this is feasible. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Graph Theory 49: 48–58, 2005     

Flipping Edges in Triangulations

In this paper we study the problem of flipping edges in triangulations of polygons and point sets. One of the main results is that any triangulation of a set of n points in general position contains at least edges that can be flipped. We also prove that O(n + k ² ) flips are sufficient to transform any triangulation of an n -gon with k reflex vertices into any other triangulation. We produce examples of n -gons with triangulations T and T' such that to transform T into T' requires Ω(n ² ) flips. Finally we show that if a set of n points has k convex layers, then any triangulation of the point set can be transformed into any other triangulation using at most O(kn) flips. Received May 13, 1997, and in revised form July 21, 1998, and February 1, 1999.     

The Maximum Number of Edges in Geometric Graphs with Pairwise Virtually Avoiding Edges

Let G be a geometric graph on n vertices that are not necessarily in general position. Assume that no line passing through one edge of G meets the relative interior of another edge. We show that in this case the number of edges in G is at most 2n?3.     

Vertex-Disjoint Cycles Containing Specified Edges

Dirac and Ore-type degree conditions are given for a graph to contain vertex disjoint cycles each of which contains a previously specified edge. One set of conditions is given that imply vertex disjoint cycles of length at most 4, and another set of conditions are given that imply the existence of cycles that span all of the vertices of the graph (i.e. a 2-factor). The conditions are shown to be sharp and give positive answers to conjectures of Enomoto in [3] and Wang in [5]. Revised: July 28, 1999     

Exact and Approximate Analytical Solutions to a Problem on Plane Modes of Free Oscillations of a Rectangular Orthotropic Plate with Free Edges,with the Use of Triginometric Basis Functions

The linear problem on plane modes of free oscillations of a rectangular orthotropic plate with free unloaded edges is considered. A procedure for constructing displacement functions exactly satisfying the boundary conditions, with the use of double-trigonometric basis functions, is offered. Exact and approximated analytical solutions to the problem formulated are found, which presumably describe all plane modes of free oscillations of the plate in the class of the functions indicated. It is established that, in the use of variational principles, the variations of required functions must be considered not only arbitrary, but also mutually independent. Therefore, the solutions constructed give physically reliable results for the frequencies and modes of free oscillations only if the problem is stated in the form of Bubnov variation equations, which depend on the structure of displacement functions. It is found that the exact analytical solutions of the problem correspond to oscillation modes without shear strains. It is shown that it is possible to select such solutions from them which correspond to trigonometric functions with a zero harmonic in one direction. These solutions describe only flexural oscillation modes of the plate, and the results obtained are equivalent to those given by the classical Kirchhoff model known in the theory of rods, plates, and shells.__________Translated from Mekhanika Kompozitnykh Materialov, Vol. 41, No. 4, pp. 461–488, July–August, 2005.     

Extremal Problems for Imbalanced Edges

Albertson [2] has introduced the imbalance of an edge e=uv in a graph G as |d_G(u)−d_G(v)|. If for a graph G of order n and size m the minimum imbalance of an edge of G equals d, then our main result states that with equality if and only if G is isomorphic to We also prove best-possible upper bounds on the number of edges uv of a graph G such that |d_G(u)−d_G(v)|≥d for some given d.     

On Graphs Without Multicliqual Edges

An edge which belongs to more than one clique of a given graph is called a multicliqual edge. We find a necessary and sufficient condition for a graph H to be the clique graph of some graph G without multicliqual edges. We also give a characterization of graphs without multicliqual edges that have a unique critical generator. Finally, it is shown that there are infinitely many self-clique graphs having more than one critical generator.