丙烯酸酯基吸附树脂对水体中单宁酸和没食子酸的吸附研究

选用3种商品丙烯酸酯基吸附树脂作为吸附剂,研究单宁酸和没食子酸在树脂上的吸附行为和机理。吸附等温线表明,丙烯酸酯基吸附树脂对单宁酸的吸附量远高于没食子酸的吸附量,这归因于两种有机酸亲水性的差异;HP-2MG比其他两种树脂对单宁酸有更高的吸附容量,而XAD-7树脂对没食子酸的吸附量高于其它两种丙烯酸酯基吸附树脂,这归因于树脂比表面积和孔径的差异;吸附热力学研究表明,丙烯酸酯基吸附树脂对天然有机酸的吸附是自发的放热过程,疏水作用是主要吸附作用。     

不同孔分布的丙烯酸酯吸附树脂对表面活性剂的吸附

通过调节致孔剂的种类和数量合成了一系列具有不同孔分布的丙烯酸酯树脂. 为了研究该树脂对表面活性剂的吸附行为与吸附机理, 分别采用(6-)十二烷基苯磺酸钠、(1-)十二烷基苯磺酸钠和十二烷基磺酸钠为吸附质进行吸附研究. 数据表明孔径对吸附过程有重要影响, 而树脂的比表面积只是在合适的孔径时才对吸附行为起主要作用. 与商业树脂XAD-7和HP2MG相比, 自合成树脂50^#和38^#对吸附质有非常好的吸附效果. 吸附平衡等温线都能够被Langmuir和双Langmuir方程很好地拟合. 研究表明, 丙烯酸酯树脂和表面活性剂之间的静电引力和氢键是主要作用力, 它们对吸附过程有明显的影响.     

聚对羟基苯乙烯吸附树脂的合成及对咖啡因的吸附机理研究

用正庚烷／正丁醇、正庚烷／环己醇等混合溶剂为致孔剂合成了一系列具有不同比表面积的对羟基苯乙烯－二乙烯苯共聚物,并研究了这些共聚物对咖啡因的吸附性能。结果表明：凝胶型树脂吸附量小,而大孔型树脂吸附量大且比表面积对树脂的吸附量影响不明显。ＩＲ证实这类树脂吸附咖啡因时,氢键起了非常重要的作用。     

DA201树脂对伊枯草菌素A动态吸附性能的研究

伊枯草菌素A是一种具有代表性的微生物源两性环脂肽类化合物。采用DA201大孔吸附树脂从枯草芽孢杆菌发酵液中分离提取伊枯草菌素A,考察了不同吸附、解吸条件对其动态吸附性能的影响。结果表明,DA201型树脂对发酵液中伊枯草菌素A的饱和吸附容量可达到3.48mg/g;动态吸附中最佳吸附流速为1BV/h,其吸附率可以达到95.56%;采用95%乙醇作为洗脱剂,以1BV/h的流速洗脱,其洗脱率可以达到92.41%;DA201型树脂是一种从发酵液中分离和提取伊枯草菌素A的较理想的吸附剂。     

大孔吸附树脂的吸附机理

大孔吸附树脂(macroprous adsorption resin, MAR)是近几十年发展起来的一种具有多孔立体结构、人工合成的有机高分子聚合物。由于其特殊的理化性质和吸附性能,已被广泛应用于化学、医药、环保和食品等领域。本文介绍了近年来国内外对大孔吸附树脂在吸附机理研究方面的进展,重点介绍了不同温度条件下大孔吸附树脂对靶标分子的吸附热力学行为模式,靶标分子在大孔吸附树脂表面及孔内的吸附扩散行为模式。此外,大孔吸附树脂性能参数和靶标分子结构参数之间构效关系也对其吸附选择性规律具有重要的影响。因此,大孔吸附树脂与底物间构效关系的匹配程度及其对选择性的影响是大孔吸附树脂分离理论研究的核心。本文最后介绍了可以准确客观描述吸附过程并具有一定使用范围的大孔吸附树脂吸附模型的建立和评价。     

超高交联吸附树脂对芳香有机物的吸附机理

通过3种吸附树脂AmberliteXAD-4、AM-1和JX101对芳香化合物苯胺、苯酚和苯甲酸在不同温度下的吸附特征,利用前线轨道理论进行了合理解释。结果表明,吸附剂表面进行适当的修饰,可以改变吸附剂的LUMO或HOMO,使吸附质分子与吸附剂表面的功能基产生化学作用,从而产生额外的化学吸附量,为优化设计吸附剂提供了理论指导。     

巯基树脂对重金属离子的吸附性能

研究了自合成的巯基树脂对重金属离子Pb^2 、Cu^2 、Cd^2 ．Ni^2 、Co^2 的吸附容量、吸附动力学、等温吸附过程等静态吸附性能，同时研究了影响吸附的因素和吸附机理．结果表明，该树脂对软酸型重金属离子吸附容量高．pH=5．0-5．7，低温有利于吸附，树脂对各重金属离子等温吸附在实验浓度范围内均符合Langmuir和Freundnch方程．吸附机理研究表明，巯基与重金属离子发生了离子交换和配位反应，化学吸附起支配作用。     

超高交联树脂对苯胺的吸附机理研究

在静态条件下，研究了水溶液中超高交联树脂AM－1和NJ－8及大孔吸附树脂Amberlite XAD－4吸附苯胺的热力学特性，测定了不同温度下的吸附等温线。结果表明，在稀溶液中3种树脂吸附苯胺都符合Langmuir和Freundlich模型，其中AM－1和NJ－8对苯胺的吸附是一个吸热过程；由于AM－1和NJ－8的微孔结构和表面存在酸性基团的吸附中心，对苯胺的吸附是物理吸附和化学吸附共同作用的结果。     

新型泰乐菌素衍生物的设计合成和活性评价

泰乐菌素作为16元大环内酯类抗生素的重要成员之一,被广泛用于治疗由革兰氏阳性菌和支原体引起的感染性疾病,对革兰氏阴性菌和耐药菌引起的感染性疾病没有明显治疗效果.目前扩大泰乐菌素的抗菌谱是对其进行结构改造的目的之一.以泰乐菌素以及其水解产物脱碳霉糖泰乐菌素(Desmycosin)和5-O-碳霉胺糖泰乐内酯(OMT)为母核...     

亚氨基二乙酸树脂吸附钇(Ⅲ)的研究

The adsorption behavior and mechanism of a novel chelate resin, iminodiacetic acid resin (IDAAR) for Y(Ⅲ) were investigated. The statically saturated adsorption capacity is 102mg·g^-1 resin at 298K in HAc-NaAc medium at pH 5.7. Y(Ⅲ) adsorbed on IDAAR can be reductively eluted by 1.0～4.0mol·L^-1 HCl used as eluant and the elution percentages are almost as high as 100%. The resin can be regenerated and reused without apparent decrease in adsorption capacity. The apparent adsorption rate constant is k₂₉₈=3.36×10^-5s^-1. The adsorption behavior of IDAAR for Y(Ⅲ) conforms to Freundlich′s model reasonably. The thermodynamic adsorption parameter, enthalpy change ΔH of IDAAR for Y(Ⅲ) is 18.6kJ·mol^-1. The complex molar ratio of the functional group of IDAAR to Y(Ⅲ) is about 3∶1. The adsorption mechanism of IDAAR for Y(Ⅲ) was examined by using chemical method and IR spectrometry.     

Adsorption Properties of Uranium (VI) Ions on Reactive Crosslinked Acrylamidoxime and Acrylic Acid Copolymer Resins

Crosslinked acrylic acid (AA) acrylonitrile (AN) copolymer was prepared by suspension copolymerization in the presence of poly (vinyl alcohol) as suspending agent and N,N-methylenebisacrylamide (MBA) and divinylbenzene (DVB) as crosslinking agents. The molecular ratios between AN and AA was 95: 5 mol%. Different ratios 2, 5, and 10 wt% of crosslinkers was used. The nitrile group of the copolymer was converted to acrylamidoxime in the presence of hydroxylamine. Morphologies of the prepared resins were examined by scanning electron microscope (SEM). Recovery of uranium ions was investigated. The adsorption of uranium was occurred in nitric acid, hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid solutions. Effect of pH, time of loading, type of acid, ratio, and type of crosslinker were investigated. Regeneration of eluted resins was determined.     

水溶性丙烯酸酯类感光干膜的制备及其性能研究

用溶液聚合法合成了水溶性丙烯酸树脂,并以该树脂为成膜物质制备了水溶性感光干膜。傅立叶-红外光谱和¹HNMR分析表明,丙烯酸树脂中不含CC不饱和双键,基本不参与紫外光固化反应。感光干膜性能测试表明,干膜中丙烯酸树脂的酸值及重均分子量会影响干膜的解析度和附着力等性能。进一步的研究表明,曝光能量、感光级数和显影时间也会直接影响干膜的性能。以30 μm厚度干膜Ⅱ为例,为获得较好的性能,丙烯酸树脂中甲基丙烯酸含量范围为21.5%~23.8%,重均分子量范围为6.00×10⁴~7.54×10⁴,曝光能量设定40~60 mJ/cm²,感光级数为18~23/41^ST,显影时间40~50 s,在此条件下,干膜的解析度可以达到30 μm,附着力为20 μm,干膜线路的侧边形貌和尺寸稳定性良好。此外,感光干膜中丙烯酸酯的比例和种类也会影响干膜的各方面性能,通过调节干膜中各组分含量的比例可以优化干膜性能。     

Adsorption Features of Flavonoids on Macroporous Adsorption Resins Functionalized with Ionic Liquids

A series of macroporous adsorption resins (MARs) with novel structures is synthesized via Friedel–Crafts catalyzed reaction. The adsorption kinetics of the synthetic resins with respect to the purification effect is systematically investigated by means of the response surface methodology (RSM). The kinetic data cannot be fitted to the classical model because it does not take multicompartments and desorption rates into consideration. A new multicompartment louver‐tide theory is thus developed considering that adsorption is an indefinite dynamic equilibrium process, which can be divided into innumerable ingredients with different desorption rates. This theory produces much better fits to the experimental data and provides a quantitative explanation with multicompartments and adsorption/desorption rates.     

Synthesis of Rigid Cyclodextrin-Containing Polymeric Resins for Adsorption

Cyclodextrins (CDs) are a family of cyclic-oligosaccharides with usually 6–8 glucopyranose units. Because of their unique donut-shaped steric structure they are able to form inclusion complexes selectively with some guest molecules. CDs are in starch-like powder form and are soluble in water to certain extents. It is desirable to produce insoluble CD-containing particles for adsorption, liquid chromatography and other applications. This work presents a novel method of synthesizing CD-containing resins. Resins synthesized with this method possess high contents of CDs and some favorable physical properties. Adsorption isotherms for three small aromatic compounds, namely phenylalanine, tryptophan and aspartame, were obtained experimentally.     

铅-二溴邻苯二胺双草酰胺酸酯络合吸附波研究及应用

在 0 .0 5mol/L氯乙酸 氯乙酸钠 (pH 3.0 )介质中 ,Pb2 + 与二溴邻苯二胺双草酰胺酸酯 (DBAC)生成络合物 ,并吸附于电极表面 ,于 - 0 .6 0V(vs.SCE)得到络合物吸附还原波。其二次微分极谱峰电流与Pb2 + 浓度在 2 .5× 10 -8～ 6 .0× 10 -6mol/L内呈良好的线性关系 ;检出限为 1.5× 10 -8mol/L。方法应用于陶瓷颜料、矿石、人发中微量铅的测定 ,结果满意。初步探讨了电化学反应机理     

含环氧基的丙烯酸酯共聚物改性环氧树脂

合成了一系列含环氧基团的丙烯酸酯聚合物（ＨＧＭＢ），并对其改性环氧树脂／４，４‘－二氨基二苯基甲烷的抗冲性能，动态力学行为进行了考察，结果表明：当必性体系中加入质量分数为１５％的ＨＧＭＢ（甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯、甲基丙烯酸羟乙基酯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸丁酯的摩尔分数分别为４．３％、５％、２５．７％、６５％）时，与空白体系相比，改性体系的冲击强度提高５０％，且玻璃化有所提高，模量没有降低。     

Synthesis and Adsorption Properties of Polystyrene-supported Chelating Resins Containing Heterocyclic Functional Groups

A series of new chelating resins with incorporating heterocyclic functional groups： pyridine, thiadizole, benzothizole into macroporous chloromethylated polystyrene were synthesized via hydrophilic spacer arm of polyethylene glycol containing sulfur. These chelating resins were found to show high adsorption capacities for Ag^＋, Hg^2＋, Au^3＋ and Pd^2＋, and the presence of spacer arm can enhance adsorption ability due to increase the hydrophilicity of the chelating resins.     

杯[6]冠醚接枝纤维素螯合树脂的合成及其吸附性能

四环氧丙基杯[6]-1,4-冠-4与纤维素多乙烯多胺衍生物反应,合成了一系列新型杯[6]冠醚纤维素螯合树脂。研究了其对阳离子吸附性能后发现该螯合树脂结合了纤维素和杯芳烃聚合物的各自优势,不仅具有较大的吸附容量,而且对Na^ 和Ag^ 有很好的吸附选择性。