Structural Studies on Bitter Principle from Brucea Sumatrana

The main bitter principle isolated from the chloroform extract of the seeds of Brucea sumatrana was shown to be C₂₄H₃₂O₁₁, which, upon treatment of sodium methoxide, gave bruceolide and senecioic acid. Partial structural elucidation of bruceolide was described.     

Studies on medicinal resources from livestock. II. Anti-allergic effects of pig bile. (2)

Anti-allergic activities of lyophilized pig bile [( PB]) were examined in mice with picryl chloride-induced contact dermatitis (PC-CD), an experimental model of delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH; type-IV allergy). PC-CD was markedly inhibited by an oral administration of [PB] within 4 h after but not during 8 to 16 h after challenge with picryl chloride. Anti-inflammatory activities of [PB] were also examined in acetic acid-induced mouse increased vascular permeability, hypotonic-hyperthermic lysis of rat erythrocytes and carrageenin-induced rat hind paw edema. [PB] had no effect on these models. The present study suggests that [PB] inhibits PC-CD through its immuno-modulation in the inductive phase of DTH rather than by an anti-inflammatory action.     

Studies on medicinal resources from livestock. I. Anti-allergic effects of pig bile. (1)

Anti-allergic activities of animal biles and commercially available bile acids were evaluated in experimental allergic disease models. Pig bile exhibited marked preventive effects on the models of delayed-type hypersensitivity (type IV allergy), picryl chloride-induced contact dermatitis (PC-CD) and sheep red blood cells (SRBC)-induced footpad swelling in mice. Fel ursi (dried bear gallbladder) also had an inhibitory effect on PC-CD, whereas ox bile, chicken bile and bile acids had no effect on ether of the models.     

Development of a methodology to predict material properties from environmental exposure. II. Structural features

A general scheme is presented in the first part of this series in which degradation‐induced changes in a polymer that are produced by exposure to an aggressive environment are linked to measurable kinetic parameters and molecular weight distribution variations. Although general in nature for all polymers and environments, the data were collected on bisphenol A polycarbonate that was degraded by elevated temperatures. A parameter, τ, the product of a kinetic rate constant, k, and the environmental exposure time, provided a metric that was suitable for superposition methods to reduce the data. τ was directly related to the molecular weight distribution shifting during environmentally induced changes. This article extends the methodology to structure–property correlations such as the relationship of the glass‐transition temperature, rheology, and the tensile strength of polycarbonate after the environmental treatment. Again, in a universal fashion, the τ value (the degree of degradation) was sufficient to model the observed physical property changes with the amount of exposure to the hostile environment. As long as the kinetics of the process of change are amenable to a mathematical model and a quantitative measure of the change in a fundamental polymer parameter is available, this methodology should be applicable to any polymer in any environment. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 40: 802–812, 2002     

Structural and rheological properties of hydrophobically modified alkali‐soluble emulsion solutions

Scattering and rheological experiments were carried out on hydrophobically modified alkali‐soluble emulsion solutions at pH ～ 7.3 as a function of the polymer concentration. The light scattering experiments revealed the existence of a liquidlike order for concentrations below approximately 0.1 × 10^?2g cm^?3 corresponding approximately to the close packing of microgels particles. Above this concentration, the zero‐shear viscosity rose sharply, whereas the ordering disappeared progressively. The results are discussed within the framework of gelation models of associating polymers. Diffusing wave spectroscopy experiments provided estimates of the high‐frequency modulus. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 40: 1985–1994, 2002     

人参属植物中水溶性非蛋白氨基酸与寡肽的研究

从人参属植物水提取液中分离鉴定了若干具有生物活性的非蛋白氨基酸,如神经抑制性递质,γ－氨基丁酸（GABA）,神经兴奋毒素,β－N－草酰基－L－α,β－二氨基丙酸（β－N－ODAP）。首次从人参根的水提取液中分离纯化与鉴定了一组N－末端为从谷氨酸,并以其γ－羧基形成肽键为特征的七个寡肽;其结构为P－Ⅰ（氧化型谷胱甘肽,GSSG）P－Ⅱ（氧化型谷胱甘酰胺）,P－Ⅲ[N, N‘-双－（γ－谷氨酰甘氨酰）胱氨酸,IGSSG]与P－Ⅳ（N－γ－谷氨酰胱氨酰－双－甘氨酸）,P－Ⅴ-（N,N‘-双－γ－谷氨酰胱氨酰甘氨酸）,P－Ⅵ（γ-谷氨酰精氨酸）与P－Ⅶ（还原型谷胱甘肽）。化合物P－Ⅱ至P－Ⅴ与P－Ⅶ均与氧化型谷胱甘肽有关。P－Ⅱ至P－Ⅵ的结构均经化学合成确证。化 合物P－Ⅲ为未见报道的新生物活性肽,具有比化合物P－Ⅰ强的促睡眠活性。同时还讨论了β－N－ODAP与GABA以及其它化合物的生物活性。     

生孢噬纤维细菌CMC酶的酶学性质研究

从生孢噬纤维细菌(Sporocytophaga)的发酵上清液中分离纯化得到了一个具有CMC酶活性的组分.研究表明:该CMC酶组分的相对分子质量为8.2×104;其最适反应温度为50℃,最适反应pH值为5.0;Zn2+对该CMC酶有抑制作用,Fe2+对该酶有微弱的促进作用;该CMC酶组分的CD光谱显示,β折叠结构是该CMC酶具有酶活的天然构象的主要结构.