Iodine‐mediated Oxidation of Resveratrol. An Electroanalytical Study Using Platinum and Glassy Carbon Electrodes

Resveratrol is a phenolic compound that shows important biological antioxidant activities. In this paper, the electrochemical oxidation of iodide in the presence of resveratrol was investigated using both platinum and glassy carbon electrodes. The experimental results showed a diffusion controlled process for the oxidation of iodide to iodine, followed by the chemical reaction of iodine with resveratrol. The possible applicability of iodine‐mediated reaction in the quantitative analysis of resveratrol was studied, obtaining sensitivities of 0.98±0.03 and 4.22±0.20 μAμM^?1 cm^?2 using platinum and glassy carbon electrodes, respectively. The resveratrol content in a sample obtained from the extracellular medium of elicited suspension‐cultured cells of Vitis vinifera was evaluated and compared with data obtained by HPLC analysis, with good correlations. The signal of other compounds that may be present in the samples or they are precursors of the biosynthesis of trans‐resveratrol (L‐ascorbic, glycine, saccharose, tyrosine, cinnamic acid and p‐coumaric acid) was also evaluated, which shows lower interferences when using glassy carbon electrodes.     

Antioxidant Capacity of Herzegovinian Wildflowers Evaluated by UV–VIS and Cyclic Voltammetry Analysis

Considering the vast cultural and traditional heritage of the use of aromatic herbs and wildflowers for the treatment of light medical conditions in the Balkans, a comparison of the antioxidant capacity of wildflowers extracts from Herzegovina was studied using both cyclic voltammetry and spectrophotometry. The cyclic voltammograms taken in the potential range between 0 V and 800 mV and scan rate of 100 mV s⁻¹ were used for the quantification of the electrochemical properties of polyphenols present in four aqueous plant extracts. Antioxidant capacity expressed as mmoL of gallic acid equivalents per gram of dried weight of the sample (mmoL GAE g⁻¹ dw) was deduced from the area below the major anodic peaks (Q400 pH 6.0, Q500 pH 4.7, Q600 pH 3.6). The results of electrochemical measurements suggest that the major contributors of antioxidant properties of examined plants are polyphenolic compounds that contain ortho-dihydroxy-phenol or gallate groups. Using Ferric reducing-antioxidant power (FRAP) and 2,2′-azino-bis spectrophotometric methods (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) radical cation-scavenging activity (ABTS) additionally determined antioxidant capacity. The FRAP results ranged from 2.9702–9.9418 mmoL Fe/g dw, while the results for ABTS assays expressed as Trolox equivalents (TE) ranged from 14.1842–42.6217 mmoL TE/g dw. The Folin–Ciocalteu procedure was applied to determine the total phenolics content (TP). The TP content expressed as Gallic acid equivalents (GAE) ranged from 6.0343–9.472 mmoL GAE/g dw. The measurements of total flavonoid (TF) and total condensed tannin (TT) contents were also performed to obtain a broader polyphenolic profile of tested plant materials. Origanum vulgare L. scored the highest on each test, with the exception of TT content, followed by the Mentha × piperita L., Artemisia annua L., and Artemisia absinthium L., respectively. The highest TT content, expressed as mg of (−)catechin equivalents per gram of dried weight of sample (mg CE/g dw), was achieved with A. absinthium extract (119.230 mg CE/g dw) followed by O. vulgare (90.384 mg CE/g dw), A. annua (86.538 mg CE/g dw) and M. piperita (69.231 mg CE/g dw), respectively. In addition, a very good correlation between electrochemical and spectroscopic methods was achieved.     

基于最小二乘支持向量机的色谱指纹图谱预测银杏叶总抗氧化活性

在色谱图基线校正和色谱峰匹配基础上,提出以40个银杏叶提取物HPLC指纹图谱的色谱图轮廓作为输入,相应的提取物总抗氧化活性作为输出,建立最小二乘支持向量机回归模型,并对包含10个样本的测试集进行了预测.最小二乘支持向量机的测试集预测误差均方根(RMSEP)为0.0230,预测结果优于目前普遍使用的误差反向传播神经网络和偏最小二乘回归.与采用色谱峰面积为分析变量的模型预测结果比较表明:采用消除干扰后的色谱图全谱轮廓保留了样本的全部信息,预测结果更好     

甲基异丁酮碘萃合物-水界面上的循环伏安法间接测定水溶液中氧化性金属离子

利用甲基异丁酮(MIBK)作为萃取剂,等体积法将水中的碘萃取到有机相中,微量进样器将20～40μL有机溶液注入玻璃微管中,使它处于界面上。利用经典的三电极系统研究该有机相在液/液界面的伏安特性。实验结果表明,该过程是一个受扩散控制的不可逆过程。有机相中碘的含量和峰电流大小在一定范围内成正比。利用这一特性可以间接测定水溶液中具有氧化性的金属离子(如Cr2O72-、Cu2 等)的含量,检出限为10-5mol/L。