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1.
We present the synthesis and characterization of disila‐ and distanna ansa half‐sandwich complexes of Group 6 transition metals. These compounds exhibit high ring strain within the ansa bridge, which is the key factor for the insertion of elemental chalcogens.  相似文献   

2.
Organometallic half‐sandwich IrIII complexes of the type [(η5‐Cpx)Ir(N^N)Cl]PF6 (Cpx: Cp* or its phenyl Cpxph or biphenyl Cpxbiph derivatives; N^N: triphenylamine (TPA)‐substituted bipyridyl ligand groups) were synthesized and characterized. The complexes showed excellent bovine serum albumin (BSA) and DNA binding properties and were able to oxidize NADH to NAD+ (NAD=nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) efficiently. The complexes induced apoptosis effectively and led to the emergence of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cells. All complexes showed potent cytotoxicity with IC50 values ranging from 1.5 to 7.1 μm toward A549 human lung cancer cells after 24 hours of drug exposure, which is up to 14 times more potent than cisplatin under the same conditions.  相似文献   

3.
4.
The pentaaryl borole (Ph*C)4BXylF [Ph*=3,5‐tBu2(C6H3); XylF=3,5‐(CF3)2(C6H3)] reacts with low‐valent Group 13 precursors AlCp* and GaCp* by two divergent routes. In the case of [AlCp*]4, the borole reacts as an oxidising agent and accepts two electrons. Structural, spectroscopic, and computational analysis of the resulting unprecedented neutral η5‐Cp*,η5‐[(Ph*C)4BXylF] complex of AlIII revealed a strong, ionic bonding interaction. The formation of the heteroleptic borole‐cyclopentadienyl “aluminocene” leads to significant changes in the 13C NMR chemical shifts within the borole unit. In the case of the less‐reductive GaCp*, borole (Ph*C)4BXylF reacts as a Lewis acid to form a dynamic adduct with a dative 2‐center‐2‐electron Ga?B bond. The Lewis adduct was also studied structurally, spectroscopically, and computationally.  相似文献   

5.
The nature of E–E bonding in group 13 compounds X2E–EX2 (E = B, Al, Ga, In, Tl; X = H, F, Cl, Br, I) has been investigated by means of an energy decomposition analysis (EDA) at the BP86/TZ2P level of theory. The calculated equilibrium geometries of all molecules B2X4?Tl2X4 have a perpendicular (D2d) geometry. The largest energy barriers for rotation about the E‐E bond are predicted for the hydrogen species B2H4?Tl2H4. The EDA shows that the rotational barriers of B2X4?Tl2X4 may not be used for an estimate of the hyperconjugative strength in the D2d structures except for the tetrahydrides. The values for the planar (D2h) transition states reveals that π conjugation of the halogen lone‐pair electrons stabilizes the transition states. The bonding analysis shows that hyperconjugation in B2I4 is stronger than in B2H4 although the latter compound has a higher rotational barrier than the former. In B2F4, hyperconjugative stabilization of the perpendicular structure and conjugative stabilization of the planar structure nearly cancel each other yielding a nearly vanishing rotational barrier. The heavier analogues Al2X4?Tl2X4 have low rotational barriers and rather weak hyperconjugative interactions. The larger rotational barriers of the hydrogen systems Al2H4?Tl2H4 compared with the tetrahalogen compounds is explained with the cooperation of the relatively large hyperconjugation in the perpendicular form and the relatively weak conjugation in the planar transition structures. The EDA also indicates that the electrostatic (ΔEelstat) and molecular orbital (ΔEorb) components of the E–E bonding are similar in magnitude.Thecalculated B‐B bond dissociation energies of B2X4 (De = 93.0–108.4 kcal/mol) show that the bonds are rather strong. The heavier analogues Al2X4?Tl2X4 have weaker bonds (De = 16.6–61.7 kcal/mol). In general, the X2E‐EX2 bond dissociation energies follow the trend for atoms E: B ? Al > Ga > In > Tl and for atoms X: H > F > Cl > I.  相似文献   

6.
Imine complexes [IrCl(η5‐C5Me5){κ1‐NH=C(H)Ar}{P(OR)3}]BPh4 ( 1 , 2 ) (Ar = C6H5, 4‐CH3C6H4; R = Me, Et) were prepared by allowing chloro complexes [IrCl25‐C5Me5){P(OR)3}] to react with benzyl azides ArCH2N3. Bis(imine) complexes [Ir(η5‐C5Me5){κ1‐NH=C(H)Ar}2{P(OR)3}](BPh4)2 ( 3 , 4 ) were also prepared by reacting [IrCl25‐C5Me5){P(OR)3}] first with AgOTf and then with benzyl azide. Depending on the experimental conditions, treatment of the dinuclear complex [IrCl25‐C5Me5)]2 with benzyl azide yielded mono‐ [IrCl25‐C5Me5){κ1‐NH=C(H)Ar}] ( 5 ) and bis‐[IrCl(η5‐C5Me5){κ1‐NH=C(H)Ar}2]BPh4 ( 6 ) imine derivatives. In contrast, treatment of chloro complexes [IrCl25‐C5Me5){P(OR)3}] with phenyl azide C6H5N3 gave amine derivatives [IrCl(η5‐C5Me5)(C6H5NH2){P(OR)3}]BPh4 ( 7 , 8 ). The complexes were characterized spectroscopically (IR, NMR) and by X‐ray crystal structure determination of [IrCl(η5‐C5Me5){κ1‐NH=C(H)C6H4‐4‐CH3}{P(OEt)3}]BPh4 ( 2b ).  相似文献   

7.
The chemistry of the low‐valent Group 13 elements (E = B, Al, Ga, In, Tl) has formed the recent hot topic. Recently, a series of low‐valent Group 13‐based compounds have been synthesized, i.e., [E‐Cp*‐E]+ (E = Al, Ga, In, Tl) cations, which have been termed as the interesting “inverse sandwich” complexes. To enrich the family of inverse sandwiches, we report our theoretical design of a new type of inverse sandwiches E‐C4H4‐E (E = Al, Ga, In, Tl) for stabilizing the low‐valent Group 13 elements. The calculated dissociation energies indicate that unlike [E‐Cp‐E]+ that dissociates via loss of the charged atom E+, E‐C4H4‐E dissociates via loss of the neutral atom E with the bond strengths of Al > Ga > In > Tl. Moreover, E‐C4H4‐E are more stable in dissociation than [E‐Cp‐E]+ cations. By comparing with other various isomers, we found that the inverted E‐C4H4‐E should be kinetically quite stable with the least conversion barriers of 33.5, 33.5, 35.2, and 36.9 kcal/mol for E = Al, Ga, In, and Tl, respectively. Furthermore, replacement of cyclobutadiene‐H atoms by the highly electron‐positive groups such as SiH3 and Si(CH3)3 could significantly stabilize the inverted form in thermodynamics. Possible synthetic routes are proposed for E‐C4H4‐E. With no need of counterions, the newly designed neutral complexes E‐C4H4‐E welcome future synthesis. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.  相似文献   

8.
It is reported about quantum chemical DFT calculations of various transition metal (TM) nitrido complexes which contain a TM‐N‐E linkage. The goal is to elucidate the nature of the TM‐N‐E bonding situation with modern quantum chemical tools. Five comparative investigations have been carried out. (a) Comparison of the N‐donor ability in the nitrido complexes Cl3W‐N‐ECln where ECln = NaCl, MgCl2, AlCl3. (b) Comparative analysis of the bonding situation in Cl4W‐N‐X where X = Na, MgCl, AlCl2, SiCl3, PCl2, SCl, Cl. (c) Comparison of the structure and bonding in Cl5W‐NPH3, Cl5W‐OPH3+, Cl4W‐(NPH3)(OPH3)+. (d) Comparative analysis of the bonding situation in Cl5Ta‐OPH3, Cl5W‐NPH3, Cl5Re‐CPH3. (e) Energy decomposition analysis of the bonding of the isolobal ligands NPH3 and Cp with WCl5.  相似文献   

9.
Syntheses and structures of five imido‐bridged dinuclear titanium complexes and two (bis)ligand‐coordinated mononuclear titanium complexes are reported. Addition of 1 or 2 equiv. of Schiff base ligand (((1H‐pyrrol‐2‐yl)methylene)amino)‐2,3‐dihydro‐1H‐inden‐2‐ol (H2L) to Ti(NMe2)4 resulted in transamination with 4 equiv. of dimethylamides generating a (bis)ligand‐coordinated complex Ti(L)2 ( 1 ). Treatment of Ti(NMe2)4 with 1 equiv. of tBuNH2 followed by addition of 1 equiv. of H2L afforded an imido‐bridged complex [Ti(L)(NtBu)]2 ( 2 ). 1:1:1:1 reaction of Ti(NMe2)4/RNH2/H2L/py(or phen) produced imido‐bridgedcomplexes [Ti(L)(NPh)(py)]2 ( 3 ), [Ti(L)(4‐F‐PhN)(py)]2·Tol ( 4 ·Tol), [Ti(L)(4‐Cl‐PhN)(py)]2·Tol·THF ( 5 ·Tol·THF), [Ti(L)(4‐Br‐PhN)(py)]2·Tol ( 6 ·Tol) and a (bis)ligand‐coordinated complex Ti(L)2·phen ( 7 ) (py = pyridine, phen = 1,10‐phenanthroline). Attempts to prepare the monomeric titianium imido complexes were unsuccessful. DFT studies show that the assumed compound which contains Ti = N species is less stable than imido‐bridged Ti‐N(R)‐Ti complexes, providing the better understanding of the experimental results.  相似文献   

10.
Three half‐sandwich iron(II) complexes, [Fe(η5‐Cp)(cis‐CO)2X] (X?=Cl?, Br?, I?), were synthesized and characterized. The kinetics of the CO‐releasing behaviour of these complexes upon illumination by visible irradiation in various media was investigated. Our results indicated that the CO release was significantly affected by the auxiliary ligands. Of the three light sources used (blue, green, and red), blue light exhibited the highest efficiency. In the photoinduced CO release, the solvents and exogenous nucleophiles in the media were involved, which allowed their CO‐releasing reaction to comply with pseudo first‐order model rather than the characteristic zero‐order model for a photochemical reaction. In aqueous media (D2O), an intermediate bearing the core of {FeII(cis‐CO)2} involving cleavage of cyclopentadiene was detected. Despite the non‐absorption of the red light, its illumination combined with nucleophilic substitution did cause considerable CO release. Assessment of the cytotoxicity of the three complexes indicated that they showed good biocompatibility.  相似文献   

11.
Reactions of the tris(3,5‐dimethylpyrazolyl)methanide amido complexes [M′{C(3,5‐Me2pz)3}{N(SiMe3)2}] (M′=Mg ( 1 a ), Zn ( 1 b ), Cd ( 1 c ); 3,5‐Me2pz=3,5‐dimethylpyrazolyl) with two equivalents of the acidic Group 6 cyclopentadienyl (Cp) tricarbonyl hydrides [MCp(CO)3H] (M=Cr ( 2 a ), Mo ( 2 b )) gave different types of heterobimetallic complex. In each case, two reactions took place, namely the conversion of the tris(3,5‐dimethylpyrazolyl)methanide ligand (Tpmd*) into the ‐methane derivative (Tpm*) and the reaction of the acidic hydride M?H bond with the M′?N(SiMe3)2 moiety. The latter produces HN(SiMe3)2 as a byproduct. The Group 2 representatives [Mg(Tpm*){MCp(CO)3}2(thf)] ( 3 a / b ) form isocarbonyl bridges between the magnesium and chromium/molybdenum centres, whereas direct metal–metal bonds are formed in the case of the ions [Zn(Tpm*){MCp(CO)3}]+ ( 4 a / b ; [MCp(CO)3]? as the counteranion) and [Cd(Tpm*){MCp(CO)3}(thf)]+ ( 5 a / b ; [Cd{MCp(CO)3}3]? as the counteranion). Complexes 4 a and 5 a / b are the first complexes that contain Zn?Cr, Cd?Cr, and Cd?Mo bonds (bond lengths 251.6, 269.8, and 278.9 pm, respectively). Quantum chemical calculations on 4 a / b* (and also on 5 a / b* ) provide evidence for an interaction between the metal atoms.  相似文献   

12.
Characteristics of iron(III) complexes with malic acid in 0.55 mol L?1 NaCl were investigated by voltammetric techniques. Three iron(III)‐malate redox processes were detected in the pH range from 4.5 to 11: first one at ?0.11 V, second at ?0.35 V and third at ?0.60 V. First process was reversible, so stability constants of iron(III) and iron(II) complexes were calculated: log K1(FeIII(mal))=12.66±0.33, log β2(FeIII(mal)2)=15.21±0.25, log K1(FeII(mal))=2.25±0.36, and log β2(FeII(mal)2)=3.18±0.32. In the case of second and third reduction process, conditional cumulative stability constants of the involved complexes were determined using the competition method: log β(Fe(mal)2(OH)x)=15.28±0.10 and log β(Fe(mal)2(OH)y)=27.20±0.09.  相似文献   

13.
Complexes formed by interaction of E(C6F5)3 (E = B, Al, Ga, In) with excess of acetonitrile (AN) were structurally characterized. Quantum chemical computations indicate that for Al(C6F5)3 and In(C6F5)3 the formation of a complex of 1:2 composition is more advantageous than for B(C6F5)3 and Ga(C6F5)3, in line with experimental observations. Formation of the solvate [Al(C6F5)3 · 2AN] · AN is in agreement with predicted thermodynamic instability of [Al(C6F5)3 · 3AN]. Tensimetry study of B(C6F5)3 · CH3CN reveals its stability in the solid state up to 197 °C. With the temperature increase, the complex undergoes irreversible thermal decomposition with pentafluorobenzene formation.  相似文献   

14.
(Bis‐selenolato) and (bis‐tellurolato)diiron complexes [2Fe2E(Si)] were prepared and compared with the known (bis‐thiolato)diiron complex A to assess their ability to produce hydrogen from protons. Treatment of [Fe3(CO)12] with 4,4‐dimethyl‐1,2,4‐diselenasilolane ( 1 ) in boiling toluene afforded hexacarbonyl{μ‐{[1,1′‐(dimethylsilylene)bis[methaneselenolato‐κSe : κSe]](2 ?)}}diiron(Fe? Fe) ( 2 ). The analog bis‐tellurolato complex hexacarbonyl{μ‐{[1,1′‐(dimethylsilylene)bis[methanetellurolato‐κTe : κTe]](2 ?)}}diiron(Fe? Fe) ( 3 ) was obtained by treatment of [Fe3(CO)12] with dimethylbis(tellurocyanatomethyl)dimethylsilane, which was prepared in situ. All compounds were characterized by NMR, IR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, elemental analysis and single‐crystal X‐ray analysis. The electrocatalytic properties of the [2Fe2X(Si)] (X=S, Se, Te) model complexes A, 1 , and 2 towards hydrogen formation were evaluated.  相似文献   

15.
Using the ligands N‐methylimidazole ( MeIm ), N‐ethylimidazole ( EtIm ), N‐propylimidazole ( PrIm ), and 1‐methyl‐1H‐1, 2, 4‐triazole ( MeTz ) three series with a total of 13 iron(II) complexes were isolated. The series comprise of the following complexes: (a) [Fe( MeIm )6](ClO4)2 ( 1 ), [Fe( EtIm )6](ClO4)2 ( 2 ), [Fe( PrIm )6](ClO4)2( 3 ), [Fe( MeTz )6](ClO4)2 ( 4 ), [Fe( MeIm )6](MeSO3)2 ( 5 ), [Fe( EtIm )6](MeSO3)2 ( 6 ), and [Fe( MeTz )6](BF4)2 ( 10 ); (b) [Fe( MeIm )4(MeSO3)2]( 7 ), [Fe( EtIm )4(MeSO3)2] ( 8 ), and [Fe( PrIm )4(MeSO3)2] ( 9 ); (c) [Fe( MeIm )4(NCS)2] ( 15 ), [Fe( EtIm )4(NCS)2] ( 16 ), and [Fe( MeTz )4(NCS)2] ( 17 ). Single crystal X‐ray diffraction studies were performed on 7 – 10 and 15 – 17 . Temperature dependent magnetic susceptibility measurements were performed on selective examples of all series, and confirmed them to be in the HS state over the range 6–300 K. DFT calculations were performed at BP86/def‐SV(P) and TPSSh/def2‐TZVPP level on all [Fe L 6]2+ complex cations and the neutral complexes 7 – 9 and 15 – 17 . Additionally the four homoleptic nickel(II) complexes [Ni L 6](ClO4)2 ( 11 : L = MeIm ; 12 : L = EtIm ; 13 : L = PrIm ; 14 : L = MeTz ) were synthesized and compounds 11 – 13 structurally characterized. UV/Vis/NIR spectroscopic measurements were carried out on all homoleptic iron(II) and nickel(II) complexes. The 10Dq values were determined to be in the range of 11547–11574 and 10471–10834 cm–1 for the iron(II) and nickel(II) complexes, respectively.  相似文献   

16.
A series of ten dinuclear aluminum alkyl complexes based on rigid, semirigid, and flexible bis(β-diketiminate) ligands (NacNac) has been obtained from the reaction of trimethylaluminum and the corresponding bis(β-diketimine)s. All compounds were fully characterized using NMR and IR spectroscopy and elemental analysis. The molecular structures of five compounds have been investigated by means of single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis.  相似文献   

17.
Summary: The regiochemical structures of poly(propylene)s obtained in the presence of three single‐site catalysts, Cp*Ti(CH3)3 + B(C6F5)3 (I + III), CpTi(CH3)3 + B(C6F5)3 (II + III), and VCl4 + anisole + Al(C2H5)2Cl (V + A), are investigated by 13C NMR analysis. Polymer 1 , obtained in the presence of I + III is, seemingly, fully regioregular, while, surprisingly, polymer 2 , obtained in the presence of II + III, appears to be alternating sequence of primary and secondary regioblocks, very much like polymer 3 , obtained in the presence of V + A. The stereochemical structure of the polymer obtained in the presence of I + III is in excellent agreement with a Bernoullian statistical model of the stereoselective propagation, while those of the other two polymers possibly require a Coleman‐Fox model.

13C NMR spectra of 10%‐enriched poly[(2‐13C)propylene], 1′ and 2′ , prepared under the conditions reported in Table 1 for the corresponding poly(propylene)s, 1 and 2 . The resonances of the tertiary carbons are diagnostic of the regioblock structure of sample 2′ .  相似文献   


18.
Two nickel(II) complexes of vitamin B13 (H3Or) with N,N,N′,N′‐tetramethylethylenediamine (tmen) and 2,2‐dimethylpropane‐1,3‐diamine (dmpen) were synthesized and characterized by means of elemental and thermal analyses, magnetic susceptibility, and IR and UV/Vis spectroscopic studies. The crystal structures of mer‐[Ni(HOr)(H2O)2(tmen)] · H2O ( 1 ) and [Ni(HOr)(dmpen)2] ( 2 ) were determined by using single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. In the complexes, which crystallize in the triclinic system (space group for 1 ) and the monoclinic system (space group P21/c for 2 ), the NiII ions exhibit a distorted octahedral coordination. NiII ions are chelated by the deprotonated nitrogen atom of the pyrimidine ring and the oxygen atom of the carboxylate group, the distorted octahedral coordination completed by one tmen and two aqua ligands for 1 or two dmpen ligands for 2 .  相似文献   

19.
FeIIL2(OTf)2 ( 1 ) and MnIIL2(OTf)2 ( 2 ) (L = tris(1‐ethyl‐4‐methylimidazolyl‐κN)phosphine; OTf= trifluoromethanesulfonate) were synthesized and their X‐ray structures were determined. Both complexes possess distorted octahedral geometry with high spin electron configuration at ambient temperature. Compound 1 exhibits a quasi‐reversible wave with E1/2 of 0.745 V versus Ag/AgNO3. Variable temperature magnetic measurements indicate that no spin‐crossover phenomenon for 1 is observed between 2.5 and 300 K. In addition, a plot of 1/χM versus T(K) is linear with a Curie constant of 3.48 emu mol?1 K.  相似文献   

20.
Is it possible to facilitate the formation of a genuine Be?Be or Mg?Mg single bond for the E2 species while it is in its neutral state? So far, (NHCR)Be?Be(NHCR) (R=H, Me, Ph) have been reported where Be2 is in 1Δg excited state imposing a formal Be?Be bond order of two. Herein, we present the formation of a single E?E (E=Be, Mg) covalent bond in E2(NHBMe)2 (E=Be, Mg; NHBMe=(HCNMe)2B) complexes where E2 is in 3u+ excited state having (nσg+)2(nσu+)1((n+1)σg+)1 (n=2 for Be and n=4 for Mg) valence electron configuration and it forms electron‐shared bonding with two NHBMe radicals. The effects of bonding with nσu+ and (n+1)σg+ orbitals will cancel each other, providing the former E?E bond order as one. Be2(NHBMe)2 complex is thermochemically stable with respect to possible dissociation channels at room temperature, whereas the two exergonic channels, Mg2(NHBMe)2 → Mg + Mg(NHBMe)2 and Mg2(NHBMe)2 → Mg2 + (NHBMe)2, are kinetically inhibited by a free energy barrier of 15.7 and 18.7 kcal mol?1, respectively, which would likely to be further enhanced in cases of bulkier substituents attached to the NHB ligands. Therefore, the title complexes are first viable systems which feature a neutral E2 moiety with a single E?E covalent bond.  相似文献   

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