Isotropic Lagrangian submanifolds in the homogeneous nearly Khler S~3× S~3

We show that isotropic Lagrangian submanifolds in a 6-dimensional strict nearly Khler manifold are totally geodesic. Moreover, under some weaker conditions, a complete classification of the J-isotropic Lagrangian submanifolds in the homogeneous nearly Khler S~3× S~3 is also obtained. Here, a Lagrangian submanifold is called J-isotropic, if there exists a function λ, such that g((▽h)(v, v, v), J v) = λ holds for all unit tangent vector v.     

On pseudo-umbilical Lagrangian submanifolds in CP3简

In this paper, an estimate of the constant scalar curvature of a compact non- minimal pseudo-umbilical Lagrangian submanifold in CP3 is obtained. As its application, we prove that compact Einstein pseudo-umbilical Lagrangian submanifolds in CP3 must be minimal.     

Complete space-like submanifolds in locally symmetric semi-definite spaces

The purpose of this paper is to study complete space-like submanifolds with parallel mean curvature vector and flat normal bundle in a locally symmetric semi-defnite space satisfying some curvature conditions. We first give an optimal estimate of the Laplacian of the squared norm of the second fundamental form for such submanifold. Furthermore, the totally umbilical submanifolds are characterized     

A complete classification of Blaschke parallel submanifolds with vanishing Mbius form

The Blaschke tensor and the Mbius form are two of the fundamental invariants in the Mobius geometry of submanifolds;an umbilic-free immersed submanifold in real space forms is called Blaschke parallel if its Blaschke tensor is parallel.We prove a theorem which,together with the known classification result for Mobius isotropic submanifolds,successfully establishes a complete classification of the Blaschke parallel submanifolds in S~n with vanishing Mobius form.Before doing so,a broad class of new examples of general codimensions is explicitly constructed.     

LOOP GROUP ACTIONS AND THE RIBAUCOUR TRANSFORMATIONS FOR FLAT LAGRANGIAN SUBMANIFOLDS

The Ribaucour transformations for flat Lagrangian submanifolds in Cn and CPn via loop group actions are given. As a consequence, the authors obtain a family of new flat Lagrangian submanifolds from a given one via a purely algebraic algorithm. At the same time, it is shown that such Ribaucour transformation always comes with a permutability formula.     

SO(n)-Invariant Special Lagrangian Submanifolds of C~(n 1) with Fixed Loci

Let SO(n) act in the standard way on Cn and extend this action in the usual way to Cn 1 =C Cn. It is shown that a nonsingular special Lagrangian submanifold L (?) Cn 1 that is invariant under this SO(n)-action intersects the fixed C (?) Cn 1 in a nonsingular real-analytic arc A (which may be empty). If n > 2, then A has no compact component. Conversely, an embedded, noncompact nonsingular real-analytic arc A(?)C lies in an embedded nonsingular special Lagrangian submanifold that is SO(n)-invariant. The same existence result holds for compact A if n = 2. If A is connected, there exist n distinct nonsingular SO(n)-invariant special Lagrangian extensions of A such that any embedded nonsingular SO(n)-invariant special Lagrangian extension of A agrees with one of these n extensions in some open neighborhood of A. The method employed is an analysis of a singular nonlinear pde and ultimately calls on the work of Gerard and Tahara to prove the existence of the extension.     

Geometric and topological rigidity for compact submanifolds of odd dimension

We investigate rigidity problems for odd-dimensional compact submanifolds.We show that if Mn(n 5)is an odd-dimensional compact submanifold with parallel mean curvature in Sn+p,and if RicM(n-2-1n)(1+H2)and Hδn,whereδn is an explicit positive constant depending only on n,then M is a totally umbilical sphere.Here H is the mean curvature of M.Moreover,we prove that if Mn(n 5)is an odd-dimensional compact submanifold in the space form Fn+p(c)with c 0,and if RicM(n-2-εn)(c+H2),whereεn is an explicit positive constant depending only on n,then M is homeomorphic to a sphere.     

Topology of Certain Closed Submanifolds in Euclidean Space

Recently P.F,Leung has investigated the topological characters of certaincompact oriented submanifolds minimally immersed in the unit sphere S~(n+p).It iswell known that a immersed submanifold in S~(n+p) can be always regarded as a sub-manifold in n+p+1-dimensional Euclidean space R~(n+p+1) and there is no minimalclosed submanifold in R~(n+p+1).Thus,it is a natural and important problem tostudy the topological properties of general closed submanifolds in R~N. Through     

A RIGIDITY THEOREM FOR NON-NEGATIVELY IMMERSED SUBMANIFOLDS

The paper is to generalize the rigidity theorem that the special Weingarten surface isthe sphere to the case of submanifolds.It is proved that a non-negatively immersedcompact submaifnold in space form of constant curvature is a Riemannian product ofseveral totally umbilical submanifolds if the mean curvature and the scalar curvature ofthe submanifold satisfy a certain function relation.     

GENERIC WARPED PRODUCT SUBMANIFOLDS OF LOCALLY CONFORMAL KEAHLER MANIFOLDS

Warped product manifolds are known to have applications in physics. For instance, they provide an excellent setting to model space-time near a black hole or a massive star （cf. [9]）. The studies on warped product manifolds with extrinsic geometric point of view were intensified after the B.Y. Chen＇s work on CR-warped product submanifolds of Kaehler manifolds （cf. [6], [7]）. Later on, similar studies were carried out in the setting of 1.c.K. manifolds and nearly Kaehler manifolds （el. [3], [11]）. In the present article, we investigate a larger class of warped product submanifolds of 1.c.K. manifolds, ensure their existence by constructing an example of such manifolds and obtain some important properties of these submanifolds. With regard to the CR-warped product submanifold, a special case of generic warped product submanifolds, we obtain a characterization under which a CR-submanifold is reducesd to a CR-warped product submanifold.     

Weighted area-minimizing submanifolds with soap-film-like singularities assembled from special Lagrangian pieces

A suffcient condition for a set of calibrated submanifolds to be area-minimizing with multiplicities,also call weighted area-minimizing under diffeomorphisms (WAMD) is stated.We construct some WAMD submanifolds by assembling pieces of special Lagrangian (SL) normal bundles including the one of three surfaces meeting at an angle of 120° along soap-film-like singularities.We also mention a symmetry property of SL submanifolds and Bjrling type problem for SL normal bundles.     

On compact splitting complex submanifolds of quotients of bounded symmetric domains

We study compact complex submanifolds S of quotient manifolds X = ?/Γ of irreducible bounded symmetric domains by torsion free discrete lattices of automorphisms, and we are interested in the characterization of the totally geodesic submanifolds among compact splitting complex submanifolds S ? X, i.e., under the assumption that the tangent sequence over S splits holomorphically. We prove results of two types. The first type of results concerns S ? X which are characteristic complex submanifolds, i.e., embedding ? as an open subset of its compact dual manifold M by means of the Borel embedding, the non-zero(1, 0)-vectors tangent to S lift under a local inverse of the universal covering map π : ? → X to minimal rational tangents of M.We prove that a compact characteristic complex submanifold S ? X is necessarily totally geodesic whenever S is a splitting complex submanifold. Our proof generalizes the case of the characterization of totally geodesic complex submanifolds of quotients of the complex unit ball Bnobtained by Mok(2005). The proof given here is however new and it is based on a monotonic property of curvatures of Hermitian holomorphic vector subbundles of Hermitian holomorphic vector bundles and on exploiting the splitting of the tangent sequence to identify the holomorphic tangent bundle TSas a quotient bundle rather than as a subbundle of the restriction of the holomorphic tangent bundle TXto S. The second type of results concerns characterization of total geodesic submanifolds among compact splitting complex submanifolds S ? X deduced from the results of Aubin(1978)and Yau(1978) which imply the existence of K¨ahler-Einstein metrics on S ? X. We prove that compact splitting complex submanifolds S ? X of sufficiently large dimension(depending on ?) are necessarily totally geodesic. The proof relies on the Hermitian-Einstein property of holomorphic vector bundles associated to TS,which implies that endomorphisms of such bundles are parallel, and the construction of endomorphisms of these vector bundles by means of the splitting of the tangent sequence on S. We conclude with conjectures on the sharp lower bound on dim(S) guaranteeing total geodesy of S ? X for the case of the type-I domains of rank2 and the case of type-IV domains, and examine a case which is critical for both conjectures, i.e., on compact complex surfaces of quotients of the 4-dimensional Lie ball, equivalently the 4-dimensional type-I domain dual to the Grassmannian of 2-planes in C~4.     

Mean Curvature Flow of Arbitrary Codimension in Complex Projective Spaces*

Recently, Pipoli and Sinestrari [Pipoli, G. and Sinestrari, C., Mean curvature flow of pinched submanifolds of CPⁿ, Comm. Anal. Geom., 25, 2017, 799–846] initiated the study of convergence problem for the mean curvature flow of small codimension in the complex projective space CP^m. The purpose of this paper is to develop the work due to Pipoli and Sinestrari, and verify a new convergence theorem for the mean curvature flow of arbitrary codimension in the complex projective space. Namely, the authors prove that if the initial submanifold in CP^m satisfies a suitable pinching condition, then the mean curvature flow converges to a round point in finite time, or converges to a totally geodesic submanifold as t → ∞. Consequently, they obtain a differentiable sphere theorem for submanifolds in the complex projective space.     

Variational formulas of higher order mean curvatures

In this paper,we establish the first variational formula and its Euler-Lagrange equation for the total 2p-th mean curvature functional M2p of a submanifold M n in a general Riemannian manifold N n+m for p = 0,1,...,[n 2 ].As an example,we prove that closed complex submanifolds in complex projective spaces are critical points of the functional M2p,called relatively 2p-minimal submanifolds,for all p.At last,we discuss the relations between relatively 2p-minimal submanifolds and austere submanifolds in real space forms,as well as a special variational problem.     

On complete submanifolds with parallel mean curvature in negative pinched manifolds

A rigidity theorem for oriented complete submanifolds with parallel mean curvature in a complete and simply connected Riemannian (n p)-dimensional manifold Nn p with negative sectional curvature is proved. For given positive integers n(≥ 2), p and for a constant H satisfying H ＞ 1 there exists a negative number τ(n,p, H) ∈ (-1, 0) with the property that if the sectional curvature of N is pinched in [-1, τ(n,p, H)], and if the squared length of the second fundamental form is in a certain interval, then Nn p is isometric to the hyperbolic space Hn p(-1). As a consequence, this submanifold M is congruent to Sn(1/ H2-1) or theVeronese surface in S4(1/√H2-1).     

Discreteness of Flux Groups

Let （M, ω） be a closed symplectic 2n-dimensional manifold. Donaldson in his paper showed that there exist 2m-dimensional symplectie submanifolds （V^2m,ω） of （M,ω）, 1 ≤m ≤ n - 1, with （m - 1）-equivalent inclusions. On the basis of this fact we obtain isomorphic relations between kernel of Lefschetz map of M and kernels of Lefschetz maps of Donaldson submanifolds V^2m, 2 ≤ m ≤ n - 1. Then, using this relation, we show that the flux group of M is discrete if the action of π1 （M） on π2（M） is trivial and there exists a retraction r ： M→ V, where V is a 4-dimensional Donaldson submanifold. And, in the symplectically aspherical case, we investigate the flux groups of the manifolds.     

On Energy Gap Phenomena of the Whitney Spheres in Cn or CPn*

Zhang (2021), Luo and Yin (2022) initiated the study of Lagrangian submanifolds satisfying ?*T = 0 or ?*?*T = 0 in Cⁿ or C^Pn, where T = ?*h and h is the Lagrangian trace-free second fundamental form. They proved several rigidity theorems for Lagrangian surfaces satisfying ?*T = 0 or ?*?*T = 0 in C² under proper small energy assumption and gave new characterization of the Whitney spheres in C². In this paper,the authors extend these results to Lagrangian submanifolds in Cⁿ of dimension n ≥ 3 and to Lagrangian submanifolds in C^Pn.     

On the Blaschke isoparametric hypersurfaces in the unit sphere

Given an immersed submanifold x ： M^M → S^n in the unit sphere S^n without umbilics, a Blaschke eigenvalue of x is by definition an eigenvalue of the Blaschke tensor of x. x is called Blaschke isoparametric if its Mobius form vanishes identically and all of its Blaschke eigenvalues are constant. Then the classification of Blaschke isoparametric hypersurfaces is natural and interesting in the MSbius geometry of submanifolds. When n = 4, the corresponding classification theorem was given by the authors. In this paper, we are able to complete the corresponding classification for n = 5. In particular, we shall prove that all the Blaschke isoparametric hypersurfaces in S^5 with more than two distinct Blaschke eigenvalues are necessarily Mobius isoparametric.     

Complete Totally Real Submanifolds with Parallel Mean Curvature

i. Introduction A submanifold M in a Kaehler manifold M is said to be totally real if every tangent space of M is mapped into its normal space by the complex structure of M. Some fundamental properties of totally real submanifolds can be found in [1], [2]. Let σ be the second fundamental form of M. The mean curvature η of M is defined by η=tr σ , and M is called a submanifold with     

ON CURVATURE PINCHING FOR MINIMAL AND KAEHLER SUBMANIFOLDS WITH ISOTROPIC SECOND FUNDAMENTAL FORM

An isometrically immersed submanifold is said to have isotropic second fundamental form if the length of the second fundamental form related ito any normal vector is the same one. In this note some curvature pinching theorems for compact minimal (resp. Kaehler) submanifolds in S~(n+P)(c) (resp. CP~(n+P)(c)) with isotropic second fundamental form are given.