On W-solvability for special vectorial Hamilton-Jacobi systems

We study the solvability of special vectorial Hamilton-Jacobi systems of the form F(Du(x))=0 in a Sobolev space. In this paper we establish the general existence theorems for certain Dirichlet problems using suitable approximation schemes called W^1,p-reduction principles that generalize the similar reduction principle for Lipschitz solutions. Our approach, to a large extent, unifies the existing methods for the existence results of the special Hamilton-Jacobi systems under study. The method relies on a new Baire's category argument concerning the residual continuity of a Baire-one function. Some sufficient conditions for W^1,p-reduction are also given along with certain generalization of some known results and a specific application to the boundary value problem for special weakly quasiregular mappings.     

Harmonic functions and volume growth of fingerless ends

Let M be a noncompact complete Riemannian manifold with finitely many ends. In this paper we study the existence of Green's function for the p-Laplace equation on M in terms of a certain volume growth. We also show that the dimension of the linear space of polynomial growth harmonic functions is finite if a volume comparison condition and a mean value inequality for nonnegative subharmonic functions hold in sufficiently large parts of each end. Received June 9, 1999 / Published online July 3, 2000     

Sobolev embeddings involving symmetry

Given a bounded regular domain with cylindrical symmetry, then functions having such symmetry and belonging to the first Sobolev space can be embedded compactly into some weighted Lp spaces, with p superior to the critical Sobolev exponent. A simple application to elliptic boundary value problem is also considered.     

Szegö and Bergman projections on non-smooth planar domains

We establish L^p regularity for the Szegö and Bergman projections associated to a simply connected planar domain in any of the following classes: vanishing chord arc; Lipschitz; Ahlfors-regular; or local graph (for the Szegö projection to be well defined, the local graph curve must be rectifiable). As applications, we obtain L^p regularity for the Riesz transforms, as well as Sobolev space regularity for the non-homogeneous Dirichlet problem associated to any of the domains above and, more generally, to an arbitrary proper simply connected domain in the plane.     

The threshold of effective damping for semilinear wave equations

In this paper, we obtain the global existence of small data solutions to the Cauchy problem in space dimension n ≥ 1, for p > 1 + 2 ∕ n, where μ is sufficiently large. We obtain estimates for the solution and its energy with the same decay rate of the linear problem. In particular, for μ ≥ 2 + n, the damping term is effective with respect to the L¹ ? L² low‐frequency estimates for the solution and its energy. In this case, we may prove global existence in any space dimension n ≥ 3, by assuming smallness of the initial data in some weighted energy space. In space dimension n = 1,2, we only assume smallness of the data in some Sobolev spaces, and we introduce an approach based on fractional Sobolev embedding to improve the threshold for global existence to μ ≥ 5 ∕ 3 in space dimension n = 1 and to μ ≥ 3 in space dimension n = 2. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Global solvability for the Kirchhoff equations in exterior domains of dimension three

We consider the initial (boundary) value problem for the Kirchhoff equations in exterior domains or in the whole space of dimension three, and show that these problems admit time-global solutions, provided the norms of the initial data in the usual Sobolev spaces of appropriate order are sufficiently small. We obtain uniform estimates of the L¹(R) norms with respect to time variable at each point in the domain, of solutions of initial (boundary) value problem for the linear wave equations. We then show that the estimates above yield the unique global solvability for the Kirchhoff equations.     

Linear Second Order Ordinary Differential Equations with Nonsmooth Coefficients

This paper deals with a Dirichlet boundary value problem for a linear second order ordinary differential operator, whose coefficients belong to certainL^p-spaces. Its solution is to be understood in the sense of Sobolev, so that the Fredholm alternative holds. The main purpose of this paper is, in case of unique solvability, to introduce a Green's function by means of which the solution can be given explicitly by integrals. We give the precise definition of the Green's function via Riesz' Representation Theorem and establish some of its basic properties. As a preliminary tool the Cauchy initial value problem is considered.     

Analysis of finite element methods for second order boundary value problems using mesh dependent norms

This paper presents a new approach to the analysis of finite element methods based onC ⁰-finite elements for the approximate solution of 2nd order boundary value problems in which error estimates are derived directly in terms of two mesh dependent norms that are closely ralated to theL ₂ norm and to the 2nd order Sobolev norm, respectively, and in which there is no assumption of quasi-uniformity on the mesh family. This is in contrast to the usual analysis in which error estimates are first derived in the 1st order Sobolev norm and subsequently are derived in theL ₂ norm and in the 2nd order Sobolev norm — the 2nd order Sobolev norm estimates being obtained under the assumption that the functions in the underlying approximating subspaces lie in the 2nd order Sobolev space and that the mesh family is quasi-uniform.     

An elliptic boundary problem in a half–space

The spectral theory for general non–selfadjoint elliptic boundary problems involving a discontinuous weight function has been well developed under certain restrictions concerning the weight function. In the course of extending the results so far established to a more general weight function, there arises the problem of establishing, in an L_p Sobolev space setting, the existence of and a priori estimates for solutions for a boundary problem for the half–space ?ⁿ₊ involving a weight function which vanishes at the boundary x_n = 0. In this paper we resolve this problem.     

Cesaro Summability with Respect to Two-Parameter Walsh Systems

 The one- and two-parameter Walsh system will be considered in the Paley as well as in the Kaczmarz rearrangement. We show that in the two-dimensional case the restricted maximal operator of the Walsh–Kaczmarz (C, 1)-means is bounded from the diagonal Hardy space H ^p to L ^p for every . To this end we consider the maximal operator T of a sequence of summations and show that the p-quasi-locality of T implies the same statement for its two-dimensional version T _α. Moreover, we prove that the assumption is essential. Applying known results on interpolation we get the boundedness of T _α as mapping from some Hardy–Lorentz spaces to Lorentz spaces. Furthermore, by standard arguments it will be shown that the usual two-parameter maximal operators of the (C, 1)-means are bounded from L ^p spaces to L ^p if . As a consequence, the a.e. convergence of the (C, 1)-means will be obtained for functions such that their hybrid maximal function is integrable. Of course, our theorems from the two-dimensional case can be extended to higher dimension in a simple way. (Received 20 April 2000; in revised form 25 September 2000)     

Sobolev Trace Theorem and the Dirichlet Problem in the Unit Disk

We give a direct and elementary proof for the trace theorem in L _p -based Sobolev spaces, when the domain is the unit disk. We also consider the Dirichlet boundary problem for the Laplace equation, where the boundary value is a function in the Besov space. The Poisson kernel enables us to solve this problem in the unit disk more easily than in a general domain.     

Irregular boundary value problems for second order elliptic differential-operator equations in UMD Banach spaces

We prove coerciveness with a defect and Fredholmness of nonlocal irregular boundary value problems for second order elliptic differential-operator equations in UMD Banach spaces. Then, we prove coerciveness with a defect in both the space variable and the spectral parameter of the problem with a linear parameter in the equation. The results do not imply maximal L _p -regularity in contrast to previously considered regular case. In fact, a counterexample shows that there is no maximal L _p -regularity in the irregular case. When studying Fredholmness, the boundary conditions may also contain unbounded operators in perturbation terms. Finally, application to nonlocal irregular boundary value problems for elliptic equations of the second order in cylindrical domains are presented. Equations and boundary conditions may contain differential-integral parts. The spaces of solvability are Sobolev type spaces ${W_{p,q}^{2,2}}$ .     

One Goursat problem in a Sobolev space

In this paper we consider a hyperbolic-type differential equation with L _p -coefficients in a three-dimensional space. For this equation we study the Goursat problem with nonclassical boundary constraints not requiringmatched conditions. We prove the equivalence of these boundary conditions to classical ones in the case when one seeks for a solution to the stated problem in an anisotropic space introduced by S. L. Sobolev. In addition, we prove the correct solvability of the Goursat problem by the method of integral equations.     

Functions with prescribed singularities

The distributional k-dimensional Jacobian of a map u in the Sobolev space W^1,k-1 which takes values in the the sphere S^k-1 can be viewed as the boundary of a rectifiable current of codimension k carried by (part of) the singularity of u which is topologically relevant. The main purpose of this paper is to investigate the range of the Jacobian operator; in particular, we show that any boundary M of codimension k can be realized as Jacobian of a Sobolev map valued in S^k-1. In case M is polyhedral, the map we construct is smooth outside M plus an additional polyhedral set of lower dimension, and can be used in the constructive part of the proof of a -convergence result for functionals of Ginzburg-Landau type, as described in [2]. Mathematics Subject Classification (2000) 46E35 (53C65, 49Q15, 26B10, 58A25)     

On the basis property of eigenelements of ordinary linear differential operators in a space of the type <Emphasis Type="Italic">L</Emphasis><Subscript><Emphasis Type="Italic">p</Emphasis></Subscript>, <Emphasis Type="Italic">p</Emphasis> ≥ 2

For a linear differential expression with matrix coefficients in the class L _p , p ≥ 2, and with a parameter λ, we consider a boundary value problem with boundary conditions at the endpoints of the interval [a, b]. Under the condition that the problem is regular, we obtain a formula for the Fourier series expansion of an arbitrary vector function of the class L _p in the root functions of the problem.     

On boundary value problems for some conformally invariant differential operators

We study boundary value problems for some differential operators on Euclidean space and the Heisenberg group which are invariant under the conformal group of a Euclidean subspace, respectively, Heisenberg subgroup. These operators are shown to be self-adjoint in certain Sobolev type spaces and the related boundary value problems are proven to have unique solutions in these spaces. We further find the corresponding Poisson transforms explicitly in terms of their integral kernels and show that they are isometric between Sobolev spaces and extend to bounded operators between certain L^p-spaces.

The conformal invariance of the differential operators allows us to apply unitary representation theory of reductive Lie groups, in particular recently developed methods for restriction problems.     

On the stability of the $L_2$ projection in fractional Sobolev spaces

Summary.   In this paper we prove the stability of the projection onto the finite element trial space of piecewise polynomial, in particular, piecewise linear basis functions in for . We formulate explicit and computable local mesh conditions to be satisfied which depend on the Sobolev index s. In conclusion we prove a stability condition needed in the numerical analysis of mixed and hybrid boundary element methods as well as in the construction of efficient preconditioners in adaptive boundary and finite element methods. Received October 14, 1999 / Revised version received March 24, 2000 / Published online October 16, 2000     

Morse homology for the heat flow – Linear theory

Consider the linear parabolic partial differential equation ${\mathcal {D}}_u\xi =0$ which arises by linearizing the heat flow on the loop space of a Riemannian manifold M. The solutions are vector fields along infinite cylinders u in M. For these solutions we establish regularity and a priori estimates. We show that for nondegenerate asymptotic boundary conditions the solutions decay exponentially in L² in forward and backward time. In this case ${\mathcal {D}}_u$ viewed as linear operator from the parabolic Sobolev space ${\mathcal {W}}^{1,p}$ to L^p is Fredholm whenever p > 1. We close with an L^p estimate for products of first order terms which is a crucial ingredient in the sequel 13 to prove regularity and the implicit function theorem. The results of the present text are the base to construct in 13 an algebraic chain complex whose homology represents the homology of the loop space.     

Resolvent estimates for Douglis–Nirenberg systems

We study mixed order parameter-elliptic boundary value problems with boundary conditions of a certain structure. For such operators, we prove resolvent estimates in L ^p based Sobolev spaces of suitable order and the analyticity of the semigroup. Finally, we present an application of this theory to studies of the particle transport in a semi-conductor.     

Riemann-Hilbert and Poincaré problems with discontinuous boundary conditions for some model systems of partial differential equations

We study the solvability of the Riemann-Hilbert and Poincaré problems for systems of Cauchy-Riemann and Bitsadze equations in Sobolev spaces. For a generalized system of Cauchy-Riemann equations, we pose a boundary value problem and prove its unique solvability in the Sobolev space W ₂¹ (D). By supplementing the Riemann-Hilbert boundary conditions with some new conditions, we obtain a statement of the Poincaré problem with discontinuous boundary conditions for a system of second-order Bitsadze equations; we also prove the unique solvability of this problem in Sobolev spaces.