氟里昂(CF_2Cl_2)对电感耦合等离子体(ICP)放电特性的影响——ICP技术在危险废弃物处理方面的应用研究

为了发展用于处理难消解危险废物的电感耦合等离子体（ＩＣＰ）技术，本文研究了当氟里昂１２进入ＩＣＰ时，在不同操作条件下ＩＣＰ的激发温度与电子密度的变化趋势，并论述了其成因及其对废物处理的优势。     

ICP—AES分析中干扰及其校正方法的进展（Ⅱ）

本文对ＩＣＰ－ＡＥＳ分析中的光谱干扰继续进行综述，本文继（１）而继续对ＩＣＰ－ＡＥＳ分析中的光谱干扰进行综述。     

用Hα线研究Freon12（CF2CCl2）对电感耦合等离子体（ICP）电？…

电感耦合等离子体被应用于Ｆｒｅｏｎ１２的焚烧处理,通过观察引入Ｆｒｅｏｎ１２前后ＩＣＰ电子密度分布的变化,可在一定程度上间接了解焚烧的效果。由于Ｈβ线在低观察高度受到较为严重的光谱干扰,本文采用Ｈα线进行了ＩＣＰ电子密度的测定。     

ICP—AES分析中干扰及其校正方法的进展（Ⅰ）

本文对ＩＣＰ－ＡＥＳ分析中的光谱干扰，非光谱干扰及其校正方法的研究及应用的新进展进行了综述。     

用H_α线研究Freon12(CF_2CCl_2)对电感耦合等离子体(ICP)电子密度的影响——ICP技术在危险废弃物处理方面的应用研究

电感耦合等离子体（ＩＣＰ）被应用于Ｆｒｅｏｎ１２（ＣＦ２ＣＣｌ２）的焚烧处理。通过观察引入Ｆｒｅ－ｏｎ１２前后ＩＣＰ电子密度分布的变化，可在一定程度上间接了解焚烧的效果。由于Ｈβ线在低观察高度受到较为严重的光谱干扰，本文采用Ｈα线进行ＩＣＰ电子密度的测定。发射强度与电子密度测定的结果显示了Ｆｒｅｏｎ１２在ＩＣＰ的不同观测高度产生不同的影响，表明ＩＣＰ在导入Ｆｒｅｏｎ１２后出现了明显的“热箍缩”效应，从而有利于该化合物的完全分解。     

电热蒸发－电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱（ETV－ICP－AES）的基体效应研究

本文研究了电热蒸发电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱（ＥＴＶ－ＩＣＰ－ＡＥＳ）中氯化物、高氯酸等产生的干扰，并且与无火焰石墨炉原子吸收（ＧＦＡＡＳ）中这些基体的干扰作了比较，认为ＥＴＶ－ＩＣＰ－ＡＥＳ的干扰比ＧＦＡＡＳ干扰小。本文还对这两种方法中干扰的差异作了一些探讨。     

铜精矿中金的ICP—AES法测定

本文介绍了用ＩＣＰ－ＡＥＳ法测定铜精矿中金，研究了试样的前处理，方法简便，易操作，准确度和精密度均符合ＧＢ３８８４．２－８３和ＧＢ３８８４．１４－８６中的误差要求。     

电热蒸发—电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱（ETV—ICP—AES）的基体…

本文研究了电热蒸发电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱（ＥＴＶ－ＩＣＰ－ＡＥＳ）中氯化物，高氯酸等产生的干扰，并且与无火焰石墨炉原子吸收（ＧＦＡＡＳ）中这些基体的干扰作了比较，认为酸等产生的干扰，并且与无火焰石墨炉原子吸收（ＧＦＡＡＳ）中这些基体的干扰作了比较，认为ＥＴＶ－ＩＣＰ－ＡＥＳ的干扰比ＧＦＡＡＳ干扰小。本文还对这两种方法中干扰的差异作了一些探讨。     

ARL3520型ICP顺序扫描光谱仪的改造技术

在仔细研究了ＡＲＬ３５２０型ＩＣＰ顺序扫描光谱仪的整体结构及控制电路的基础上，根据被改造仪器的实际情况，保留其分光系统、驱动电路和执行部件，用一台新型通用替换原有的专用计算机系统；通过一块接口板，实现由微机直接实时控制ＩＣＰ光谱仪的顺序扫描，重新设计了光电测量电路；重新开发了基于Ｗｉｎｄｏｗｓ９５操作平台的ＩＣＰ实时分析软件。     

流动注射（FI）－在线柱预富集ICP－AES体系中的去溶效应研究

本文设计了一种简易的加热／冷凝去溶装置，并使之与流动注射（ＦＩ）－柱预富集－ＩＣＰ－ＡＥＳ体系联接。研究了在不同情况下进样体积、去溶温度、载液流速等对分析信号强度、检出限和精密度的影响，并与非去溶体系相比较。结果指出，去溶温度为１２０℃时，体系的去溶效率为３４．２％，进样效率为７２．５％；方法的检测限比非去溶体系改善近７倍。实验结果还表明，ＦＩ－柱预富集－去溶ＩＣＰ－ＡＥＳ体系获得了ｎｇ／ｍｌ～亚ｎｇ／ｍｌ级的检出限，可望用于超痕量组分的测定。     

小功率空气-氩气混合气冷却ICP中电子密度的测定

在与小功率全Ａｒ－ＩＣＰ类似的条件下,使用顺序扫描等离子体光谱,用Ｓｔａｒｋ加宽法,选择Ｈβ（４８６．１ｎｍ）谱线,测定了空气－氩气混合气冷却ＩＣＰ中在感应线圈上０、２、５、１０ｍｍ处电子密度的侧向分布并将其中部分侧向分布经Ａｂｅｌ变换为径向分布。     

Numerical simulation and experimental validation of multiphysics field coupling mechanisms for a high power ICP wind tunnel

We take the established inductively coupled plasma(ICP) wind tunnel as a research object to investigate the thermal protection system of re-entry vehicles. A 1.2-MW high power ICP wind tunnel is studied through numerical simulation and experimental validation. The distribution characteristics and interaction mechanism of the flow field and electromagnetic field of the ICP wind tunnel are investigated using the multi-field coupling method of flow, electromagnetic, chemical, and thermodynamic field. The accuracy of the numerical simulation is validated by comparing the experimental results with the simulation results. Thereafter, the wind tunnel pressure, air velocity, electron density, Joule heating rate, Lorentz force, and electric field intensity obtained using the simulation are analyzed and discussed. The results indicate that for the 1.2-MW ICP wind tunnel, the maximum values of temperature, pressure, electron number density, and other parameters are observed during coil heating. The influence of the radial Lorentz force on the momentum transfer is stronger than that of the axial Lorentz force. The electron number density at the central axis and the amplitude and position of the Joule heating rate are affected by the radial Lorentz force. Moreover, the plasma in the wind tunnel is constantly in the subsonic flow state, and a strong eddy flow is easily generated at the inlet of the wind tunnel.     

Diagnostics of an inductively coupled plasma in oxygen

Spatial time-integrated and space-time resolved profiles of excited atoms of oxygen were measured by optical emission spectroscopy for inductively coupled plasma (ICP) in oxygen. The discharge was sustained by a single turn coil supplied by 13.56 MHz RF generator delivering 100 and 200 W of power. The spatial emission profiles give the anatomy of the discharge required in order to understand the basic kinetics of ICP. Two types of nonuniformities are observed, azimuthal anisotropy and radial nonuniformity, both caused by spatially dependent energy supply to the electrons. Our experimental results show that oxygen is much more affected by azimuthal anisotropy and radial nonuniformity than argon. It is due to a different role of metastable atoms in kinetics of excitation, whereby stepwise excitation in oxygen is less probable than in argon. Optical emission data are supplemented by Langmuir probe measurements of electron densities and plasma potentials. Electrons gain energy from the time varying fields close to the coil, and the energy is not redistributed along the radius before it is dissipated in excitation, thus the observations are not consistent with the nonlocal theory predictions for the range of pressures, geometry, and power covered in this paper     

空气—氩气冷却ICP：有机溶液分析的工作条件及检出限研究

研究了冷却气含50%空气的ICP中,MIBK溶液里金属元素不同性质谱线的信背比与入射功率、观察高度、冷却气流量及冷却气中空气含量等工作条件的关系。测定了8种元素12条谱线的检出限并与氩有机ICP中相同谱线的检出限进行比较。另外还测定了在引入MIBK溶液的情况下,空气-氩气ICP中心通道的激发温度。结果表明,具有中等激发能的谱线在含50%空气的空气-氩气有机ICP中的检出限优于氩气有机ICP中的检出限。     

低功率有机ICP中乙醇增敏效应的研究

研究了低功率有机ICP中乙醇对试液物性（密度、粘度、表面张力）及等离子体激发参数（气体温度、激发温度、电子密度和电离温度）的影响。测定了多种元素在不同浓度乙醇水溶液中的检出限。结果表明，乙醇的引入提高了分析物进入等离子体速率，并对具有低激发电位和电离电位的稀土元素有一定的增敏效应，而对具有较高电离电位和激发电位的Cd,Zn,B有抑制作用，并减弱了等离子偏离LTE状态。     

Level populations in plasmas RF discharges and sonic channel

An absolute intensity calibration has been made to previously reported spectrographic measurements in an extensively studied argon rf discharge downstream of the exciting coil, and sonic afterglow. This calibration allows calculation of neutral argon atom density and of individual level population. Neutral atom densities were calculated from the electron density, the electron temperature, and Saha's equation, assuming that the electron temperatures were equal to the excitation temperatures. The densities calculated by these methods were far higher than those obtained from the perfect gas law, the gas temperature, and the pressure. The observed under- population of the ground level is shown to correspond to the “terminal non-equilibrium” defined by PARK.⁽³⁾ The present data are compared with two existing experiments to show that agreement exists among seemingly inconsistent and confusing reports, provided the non-equilibrium phenomena are properly accounted for.     

Spectroscopic Mapping of the Nonequilibrium between Electron and Excitation Temperatures in a 1 ATM Helium ARC

The thermostatic states of a 100 amp, 1.016 bar, free-burning helium short arc with a 10 mm electrode gap are mapped from spectroscopic measurements at eight cross sections. The theoretical model used is a multifluids model extended to consider nonequilibrium between electron and excitation temperatures, as well as simple nonequilibrium among excited electronic levels. Seven helium lines are used to determine population densities and upper level excitation temperatures. The electron density is calculated from continuum intensity measurements at C4690. Electron temperatures are found from an astrophysical method suggested by Athay and Menzel. The effective total excitation temperature is obtained by iteration using the multifluids model. The results indicate total excitation temperature values close to the usually calculated "LTE" temperatures, but electron temperatures up to three times larger than the total excitation temperature on the arc centerline near the electrodes. The ratio is approximately 1.5 in the middle of the arc. The heavy particle kinetic temperatures appear to follow the electron temperature, except near the anode, where they drop to values smaller than the total excitation temperatures.     

Study on the RF Power Necessary to Ignite Plasma for the ICP Test Facility at HUST

An Radio‐Frequency (RF) Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP) ion source test facility has been successfully developed at Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST). As part of a study on hydrogen plasma, the influence of three main operation parameters on the RF power necessary to ignite plasma was investigated. At 6 Pa, the RF power necessary to ignite plasma influenced little by the filament heating current from 5 A to 9 A. The RF power necessary to ignite plasma increased rapidly with the operation pressure decreasing from 8 Pa to 4 Pa. The RF power necessary to ignite plasma decreased with the number of coil turns from 6 to 10. During the experiments, plasma was produced with the electron density of the order of 10¹⁶m^–3 and the electron temperature of around 4 eV. (© 2015 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

乙醇添加剂对ICP光源等离子体辐射的增强效应

利用光电检测法,研究了含乙醇水溶液的温度在20,40和60 ℃的条件下,对电感耦合等离子体(ICP)光源发射强度、等离子体参数(激发温度和电子密度)、试液物理性质(表面张力、粘度)及雾化特性(提升量、有效提升量和雾化效率)的影响。实验结果表明,随着乙醇含量及相应溶液温度的提高,分析物进入等离子体的速率增大了,元素Zn,Fe,Mg,Si和Sr的谱线强度有明显增强,而且随着含乙醇样品溶液温度的提高,等离子体中激发能力增强了。在溶液温度为60 ℃时,元素Zn,Fe,Mg,Si和Sr的最大谱线强度比20 ℃时分别高出了55.8%,45.4%,48.9%,17.7%和21.6%,这有利于痕量元素的检测。