A generalization of the finiteness problem of the local cohomology modules

Let R be a commutative Noetherian ring and \(\mathfrak{a}\) an ideal of R. We introduce the concept of \(\mathfrak{a}\) -weakly Laskerian R-modules, and we show that if M is an \(\mathfrak{a}\) -weakly Laskerian R-module and s is a non-negative integer such that Ext _R ^j \((R/\mathfrak{a},H_\mathfrak{a}^i (M))\) is \(\mathfrak{a}\) -weakly Laskerian for all i < s and all j, then for any \(\mathfrak{a}\) -weakly Laskerian submodule X of \(H_\mathfrak{a}^s (M)\) , the R-module \(Hom_R (R/\mathfrak{a},H_\mathfrak{a}^s (M)/X)\) is \(\mathfrak{a}\) -weakly Laskerian. In particular, the set of associated primes of \(H_\mathfrak{a}^s (M)/X\) is finite. As a consequence, it follows that if M is a finitely generated R-module and N is an \(\mathfrak{a}\) -weakly Laskerian R-module such that \(H_\mathfrak{a}^i (N)\) (N) is \(\mathfrak{a}\) -weakly Laskerian for all i < s, then the set of associated primes of \(H_\mathfrak{a}^s (M,N)\) (M,N) is finite. This generalizes the main result of S. Sohrabi Laleh, M.Y. Sadeghi, and M.Hanifi Mostaghim (2012).     

Strongly amenable involutive representations of involutive Banach algebras

Let \(\mathfrak{A }\) be a Banach \(*\) -algebra and let \(\varphi \) be a nonzero self-adjoint character on \(\mathfrak{A }\) . For a   \(*\) -representation \(\pi \) of \(\mathfrak{A }\) on a Hilbert space \(\mathcal{H }\) , we introduce and study strong \(\varphi \) -amenability of \(\pi \) in terms of certain states on the von Neumann algebra of bounded operators on \(\mathcal{H }\) . We then give some characterizations of this notion in terms of certain positive functionals on \(\mathfrak{A }\) . We finally investigate some hereditary properties of strong \(\varphi \) -amenability of Banach algebras.     

Affine Mirković-Vilonen polytopes

Each integrable lowest weight representation of a symmetrizable Kac-Moody Lie algebra \(\mathfrak{g}\) has a crystal in the sense of Kashiwara, which describes its combinatorial properties. For a given \(\mathfrak{g}\) , there is a limit crystal, usually denoted by B(?∞), which contains all the other crystals. When \(\mathfrak{g}\) is finite dimensional, a convex polytope, called the Mirkovi?-Vilonen polytope, can be associated to each element in B(?∞). This polytope sits in the dual space of a Cartan subalgebra of \(\mathfrak{g}\) , and its edges are parallel to the roots of \(\mathfrak{g}\) . In this paper, we generalize this construction to the case where \(\mathfrak{g}\) is a symmetric affine Kac-Moody algebra. The datum of the polytope must however be complemented by partitions attached to the edges parallel to the imaginary root δ. We prove that these decorated polytopes are characterized by conditions on their normal fans and on their 2-faces. In addition, we discuss how our polytopes provide an analog of the notion of Lusztig datum for affine Kac-Moody algebras. Our main tool is an algebro-geometric model for B(?∞) constructed by Lusztig and by Kashiwara and Saito, based on representations of the completed preprojective algebra Λ of the same type as  \(\mathfrak{g}\) . The underlying polytopes in our construction are described with the help of Buan, Iyama, Reiten and Scott’s tilting theory for the category \(\Lambda \text {\upshape -}\mathrm {mod}\) . The partitions we need come from studying the category of semistable Λ-modules of dimension-vector a multiple of δ.     

A study of saturated tensor cone for symmetrizable Kac–Moody algebras

Let \(\mathfrak {g}\) be a symmetrizable Kac-Moody Lie algebra with the standard Cartan subalgebra \(\mathfrak {h}\) and the Weyl group \(W\) . Let \(P_+\) be the set of dominant integral weights. For \(\lambda \in P_+\) , let \(L(\lambda )\) be the integrable, highest weight (irreducible) representation of \(\mathfrak {g}\) with highest weight \(\lambda \) . For a positive integer \(s\) , define the saturated tensor semigroup as $$\begin{aligned} \Gamma _s:= \{(\lambda _1, \dots , \lambda _s,\mu )\in P_+^{s+1}: \exists \, N\ge 1 \,\text {with}\,L(N\mu )\subset L(N\lambda _1)\otimes \dots \otimes L(N\lambda _s)\}. \end{aligned}$$ The aim of this paper is to begin a systematic study of \(\Gamma _s\) in the infinite dimensional symmetrizable Kac-Moody case. In this paper, we produce a set of necessary inequalities satisfied by \(\Gamma _s\) . These inequalities are indexed by products in \(H^*(G^{\mathrm{min }}/B; \mathbb {Z})\) for \(B\) the standard Borel subgroup, where \(G^{\mathrm{min }}\) is the ‘minimal’ Kac-Moody group with Lie algebra \(\mathfrak {g}\) . The proof relies on the Kac-Moody analogue of the Borel-Weil theorem and Geometric Invariant Theory (specifically the Hilbert-Mumford index). In the case that \(\mathfrak {g}\) is affine of rank 2, we show that these inequalities are necessary and sufficient. We further prove that any integer \(d>0\) is a saturation factor for \(A^{(1)}_1\) and 4 is a saturation factor for \(A^{(2)}_2\) .     

A weak generalized localization criterion for multiple Walsh-Fourier series with J k -lacunary sequence of rectangular partial sums

We obtain a criterion for the validity of weak generalized localization almost everywhere on an arbitrary set of positive measure \(\mathfrak{A}\) , \(\mathfrak{A} \subset \mathbb{I}^N = \{ x \in \mathbb{R}^N :0 \leqslant x_j < 1,j = 1,2, \ldots ,N\}\) , N ≥ 3 (in terms of the structure and geometry of the set \(\mathfrak{A}\) ), for multiple Walsh-Fourier series (summed over rectangles) of functions f in the classes \(L_p (\mathbb{I}^N )\) , p > 1 (i.e., necessary and sufficient conditions for the convergence almost everywhere of the Fourier series on some subset of positive measure \(\mathfrak{A}_1\) of the set \(\mathfrak{A}\) , when the function expanded in a series equals zero on \(\mathfrak{A}\) ), in the case when the rectangular partial sums S _n (x; f) of this series have indices n = (n ₁, …, n _N ) ∈ ? ^N in which some components are elements of (single) lacunary sequences.     

\mathcal{D}-modules with finite support are semi-simple

Let \((R, \frak{m}, k_{R})\) be a regular local k-algebra satisfying the weak Jacobian criterion, and such that k _R /k is an algebraic field extension. Let \(\mathcal{D}_{R}\) be the ring of k-linear differential operators of R. We give an explicit decomposition of the \(\mathcal{D}_{R}\) -module \(\mathcal{D}_{R}/\mathcal{D}_{R} \frak{m}_{R}^{n+1}\) as a direct sum of simple modules, all isomorphic to \(\mathcal{D}_{R}/\mathcal{D}_{R} \frak{m}\) , where certain “Pochhammer” differential operators are used to describe generators of the simple components.     

{\mathfrak {sl}}_3-Web bases,intermediate crystal bases and categorification

We give an explicit graded cellular basis of the \({\mathfrak {sl}}_3\) -web algebra \(K_S\) . In order to do this, we identify Kuperberg’s basis for the \({\mathfrak {sl}}_3\) -web space \(W_S\) with a version of Leclerc–Toffin’s intermediate crystal basis and we identify Brundan, Kleshchev and Wang’s degree of tableaux with the weight of flows on webs and the \(q\) -degree of foams. We use these observations to give a “foamy” version of Hu and Mathas graded cellular basis of the cyclotomic Hecke algebra which turns out to be a graded cellular basis of the \({\mathfrak {sl}}_3\) -web algebra. We restrict ourselves to the \({\mathfrak {sl}}_3\) case over \(\mathbb {C}\) here, but our approach should, up to the combinatorics of \({\mathfrak {sl}}_N\) -webs, work for all \(N>1\) or over \(\mathbb {Z}\) .     

Isomorphisms between Jacobson graphs

Let \(R\) be a commutative ring with a non-zero identity and \(\mathfrak {J}_R\) be its Jacobson graph. We show that if \(R\) and \(R'\) are finite commutative rings, then \(\mathfrak {J}_R\cong \mathfrak {J}_{R'}\) if and only if \(|J(R)|=|J(R')|\) and \(R/J(R)\cong R'/J(R')\) . Also, for a Jacobson graph \(\mathfrak {J}_R\) , we obtain the structure of group \(\mathrm {Aut}(\mathfrak {J}_R)\) of all automorphisms of \(\mathfrak {J}_R\) and prove that under some conditions two semi-simple rings \(R\) and \(R'\) are isomorphic if and only if \(\mathrm {Aut}(\mathfrak {J}_R)\cong \mathrm {Aut}(\mathfrak {J}_{R'})\) .     

Zur Theorie der Polynomringe

Let \(\mathfrak{B}\) be a variety of rings,R a ring of \(\mathfrak{B}\) andx an indeterminate. The free compositionR(x, \(\mathfrak{B}\) ) ofR and the free algebra of \(\mathfrak{B}\) generated byx, is called the \(\mathfrak{B}\) -polynomial ring inx the variety of rings, rings with identity, commutative rings or commutative rings with identity resp. We prove some results about relations between the polynomial ringsR(x, \(\mathfrak{B}\) ), whereR is fixed and \(\mathfrak{B}\) runs over these varieties. Moreover we construct normal form systems for certain polynomial ringsR(x, \(\mathfrak{B}\) ).     

Classical limit of the tensor product of holomorphic discrete series representations

For three coadjoint orbits \(\mathcal {O}_1, \mathcal {O}_2\) and \(\mathcal {O}_3\) in \(\mathfrak {g}^*\) , the Corwin–Greenleaf function \(n(\mathcal {O}_1 \times \mathcal {O}_2, \mathcal {O}_3)\) is given by the number of \(G\) -orbits in \(\{(\lambda , \mu ) \in \mathcal {O}_1 \times \mathcal {O}_2 \, : \, \lambda + \mu \in \mathcal {O}_3 \}\) under the diagonal action. In the case where \(G\) is a simple Lie group of Hermitian type, we give an explicit formula of \(n(\mathcal {O}_1 \times \mathcal {O}_2, \mathcal {O}_3)\) for coadjoint orbits \(\mathcal {O}_1\) and \(\mathcal {O}_2\) that meet \(\left( [\mathfrak {k}, \mathfrak {k}] + \mathfrak {p}\right) ^{\perp }\) , and show that the formula is regarded as the ‘classical limit’ of a special case of Kobayashi’s multiplicity-free theorem (Progr. Math. 2007) in the branching law to symmetric pairs.     

Cohomology and Support Varieties for Restricted Lie Superalgebras

Let $(\mathfrak{g}, [p]) $ be a restricted Lie superalgebra over an algebraically closed field k of characteristic p?>?2. Let $\mathfrak{u}(\mathfrak{g})$ denote the restricted enveloping algebra of $\mathfrak{g}$ . In this paper we prove that the cohomology ring $\operatorname{H}^\bullet(\mathfrak{u}(\mathfrak{g}), k)$ is finitely generated. This allows one to define support varieties for finite dimensional $\mathfrak{u}(\mathfrak{g})$ -supermodules. We also show that support varieties for finite dimensional $\mathfrak{u}(\mathfrak{g})$ - supermodules satisfy the desirable properties of a support variety theory.     

Erdős-Ginzburg-Ziv theorem for finite commutative semigroups

Let \(\mathcal{S}\) be a finite additively written commutative semigroup, and let \(\exp(\mathcal{S})\) be its exponent which is defined as the least common multiple of all periods of the elements in \(\mathcal{S}\) . For every sequence T of elements in \(\mathcal{S}\) (repetition allowed), let \(\sigma(T) \in\mathcal{S}\) denote the sum of all terms of T. Define the Davenport constant \(\mathsf{D}(\mathcal{S})\) of \(\mathcal{S}\) to be the least positive integer d such that every sequence T over \(\mathcal{S}\) of length at least d contains a proper subsequence T′ with σ(T′)=σ(T), and define \(\mathsf{E}(\mathcal{S})\) to be the least positive integer ? such that every sequence T over \(\mathcal{S}\) of length at least ? contains a subsequence T′ with \(|T|-|T'|= \lceil\frac{|\mathcal{S}|}{\exp(\mathcal{S})} \rceil \exp(\mathcal{S})\) and σ(T′)=σ(T). When \(\mathcal{S}\) is a finite abelian group, it is well known that \(\lceil\frac{|\mathcal{S}|}{\exp(\mathcal{S})} \rceil\exp (\mathcal{S})=|\mathcal{S}|\) and \(\mathsf{E}(\mathcal{S})=\mathsf{D}(\mathcal{S})+|\mathcal{S}|-1\) . In this paper we investigate whether \(\mathsf{E}(\mathcal{S})\leq \mathsf{D}(\mathcal{S})+ \lceil\frac{|\mathcal{S}|}{\exp(\mathcal {S})} \rceil \exp(\mathcal{S})-1\) holds true for all finite commutative semigroups \(\mathcal{S}\) . We provide a positive answer to the question above for some classes of finite commutative semigroups, including group-free semigroups, elementary semigroups, and archimedean semigroups with certain constraints.     

On Deformations of Lie Algebroids

For any Lie algebroid A, its 1-jet bundle ${\mathfrak{J} A}$ is a Lie algebroid naturally and there is a representation ${\pi:\mathfrak{J} A\longrightarrow\mathfrak{D} A}$ . Denote by ${{\rm d}_{\mathfrak{J}}}$ the corresponding coboundary operator. In this paper, we realize the deformation cohomology of a Lie algebroid A introduced by M. Crainic and I. Moerdijk as the cohomology of a subcomplex ${(\Gamma({\rm Hom}(\wedge^\bullet\mathfrak{J} A,A)_{{\mathfrak{D}} A}),{\rm d}_{\mathfrak{J}})}$ of the cochain complex ${(\Gamma({\rm Hom}(\wedge^\bullet\mathfrak{J} A, A)),{\rm d}_\mathfrak{J})}$ .     

Hall Polynomials and Composition Algebra of Representation Finite Algebras

Let \(\mathcal{A}\) be a representation finite algebra over finite field k such that the indecomposable \(\mathcal{A}\) -modules are determined by their dimension vectors and for each \(M, L \in ind(\mathcal{A})\) and \(N\in mod(\mathcal{A})\) , either \(F^{M}_{N L}=0\) or \(F^{M}_{L N}=0\) . We show that \(\mathcal{A}\) has Hall polynomials and the rational extension of its Ringel–Hall algebra equals the rational extension of its composition algebra. This result extend and unify some known results about Hall polynomials. As a consequence we show that if \(\mathcal{A}\) is a representation finite simply-connected algebra, or finite dimensional k-algebra such that there are no short cycles in \(mod(\mathcal{A})\) , or representation finite cluster tilted algebra, then \(\mathcal{A}\) has Hall polynomials and \(\mathcal{H}(\mathcal{A})\otimes_\mathbb{Z}Q=\mathcal{C}(\mathcal{A})\otimes_\mathbb{Z}Q\) .     

Wide Subalgebras of Semisimple Lie Algebras

Let G be a connected semisimple algebraic group over \({\mathbb C}\) , with Lie algebra \({\mathfrak g}\) . Let \({\mathfrak h}\) be a subalgebra of \({\mathfrak g}\) . A simple finite-dimensional \({\mathfrak g}\) -module \({\mathbb V}\) is said to be \({\mathfrak h}\) -indecomposable if it cannot be written as a direct sum of two proper \({\mathfrak h}\) -submodules. We say that \({\mathfrak h}\) is wide, if all simple finite-dimensional \({\mathfrak g}\) -modules are \({\mathfrak h}\) -indecomposable. Some very special examples of indecomposable modules and wide subalgebras appear recently in the literature. In this paper, we describe several large classes of wide subalgebras of \({\mathfrak g}\) and initiate their systematic study. Our approach is based on the study of idempotents in the associative algebra of \({\mathfrak h}\) -invariant endomorphisms of \({\mathbb V}\) . We also discuss a relationship between wide subalgebras and epimorphic subgroups.     

Orthoproducts and f-representations of archimedean {\ell}-groups

Let G be an archimedean \({\ell}\) -group. By an f-representation of G we mean an orthomorphism-valued group homomorphism S on G for which (Sf)g =  (Sg)f for all \({f, g \in G}\) . We prove that the set \({\mathfrak{Rep}(G)}\) of all f-representations in G is an archimedean \({\ell}\) -group with respect to pointwise addition and ordering. Furthermore, we define an orthoproduct on G to be a bilinear map on G which is an orthomorphism in each variable separately. It turns out that the set \({\mathfrak{Opro}(G)}\) is an archimedean \({\ell}\) -group G with the set \({\mathfrak{Mult}(G)}\) of f-multiplications in G as a positive cone. Moreover, we show that \({\mathfrak{Opro}(G)}\) and \({\mathfrak{Rep}(G)}\) are isomorphic as \({\ell}\) -groups. In spite of that, we get a representation theorem for f-multiplications in an \({\ell}\) -subgroup of an archimedean f-ring R with unit element. This allows us to find an example of an archimedean \({\ell}\) -group with no nontrivial structure of an f-ring and another which cannot be a reduced f-ring.     

On the stability of the L p -norm of the Riemannian curvature tensor

We consider the Riemannian functional \(\mathcal {R}_{p}(g)={\int }_{M}|R(g)|^{p}dv_{g}\) defined on the space of Riemannian metrics with unit volume on a closed smooth manifold M where R(g) and dv _g denote the corresponding Riemannian curvature tensor and volume form and p ∈ (0, ∞). First we prove that the Riemannian metrics with non-zero constant sectional curvature are strictly stable for \(\mathcal {R}_{p}\) for certain values of p. Then we conclude that they are strict local minimizers for \(\mathcal {R}_{p}\) for those values of p. Finally generalizing this result we prove that product of space forms of same type and dimension are strict local minimizer for \(\mathcal {R}_{p}\) for certain values of p.     

Non-Lipschitz points and the {\textit{SBV}} regularity of the minimum time function

This paper is devoted to the study of the Hausdorff dimension of the singular set of the minimum time function \(T\) under controllability conditions which do not imply the Lipschitz continuity of \(T\) . We consider first the case of normal linear control systems with constant coefficients in \({\mathbb {R}}^N\) . We characterize points around which \(T\) is not Lipschitz as those which can be reached from the origin by an optimal trajectory (of the reversed dynamics) with vanishing minimized Hamiltonian. Linearity permits an explicit representation of such set, that we call \(\mathcal {S}\) . Furthermore, we show that \(\mathcal {S}\) is countably \(\mathcal {H}^{N-1}\) -rectifiable with positive \(\mathcal {H}^{N-1}\) -measure. Second, we consider a class of control-affine planar nonlinear systems satisfying a second order controllability condition: we characterize the set \(\mathcal {S}\) in a neighborhood of the origin in a similar way and prove the \(\mathcal {H}^1\) -rectifiability of \(\mathcal {S}\) and that \(\mathcal {H}^1(\mathcal {S})>0\) . In both cases, \(T\) is known to have epigraph with positive reach, hence to be a locally \(BV\) function (see Colombo et al.: SIAM J Control Optim 44:2285–2299, 2006; Colombo and Nguyen.: Math Control Relat 3: 51–82, 2013). Since the Cantor part of \(DT\) must be concentrated in \(\mathcal {S}\) , our analysis yields that \(T\) is locally \(SBV\) , i.e., the Cantor part of \(DT\) vanishes. Our results imply also that \(T\) is differentiable outside a \(\mathcal {H}^{N-1}\) -rectifiable set. With small changes, our results are valid also in the case of multiple control input.