Novel image encryption algorithm based on multiple-parameter discrete fractional random transform

A new method of digital image encryption is presented by utilizing a new multiple-parameter discrete fractional random transform. Image encryption and decryption are performed based on the index additivity and multiple parameters of the multiple-parameter fractional random transform. The plaintext and ciphertext are respectively in the spatial domain and in the fractional domain determined by the encryption keys. The proposed algorithm can resist statistic analyses effectively. The computer simulation results show that the proposed encryption algorithm is sensitive to the multiple keys, and that it has considerable robustness, noise immunity and security.     

Multiple-image encryption by two-step phase-shifting interferometry and spatial multiplexing of smooth compressed signal

A multiple-image encryption method based on two-step phase-shifting interferometry(PSI) and spatial multiplexing of a smooth compressed signal is proposed. In the encoding and encryption process, with the help of four index matrices to store original pixel positions, all the pixels of four secret images are firstly reordered in an ascending order; then, the four reordered images are transformed by five-order Haar wavelet transform and performed sparseness operation. After Arnold transform and pixels sampling operation, one combined image can be grouped with the aid of compressive sensing(CS)and spatial multiplexing techniques. Finally, putting the combined image at the input plane of the PSI encryption scheme,only two interferograms ciphertexts can be obtained. During the decoding and decryption, utilizing all the secret key groups and index matrices keys, all the original secret images can be successfully decrypted by a wave-front retrieval algorithm of two-step PSI, spatial de-multiplexing, inverse Arnold transform, inverse discrete wavelet transform, and pixels reordering operation.     

Quantum Multi-Image Encryption Based on Iteration Arnold Transform with Parameters and Image Correlation Decomposition

A novel quantum multi-image encryption algorithm based on iteration Arnold transform with parameters and image correlation decomposition is proposed, and a quantum realization of the iteration Arnold transform with parameters is designed. The corresponding low frequency images are obtained by performing 2-D discrete wavelet transform on each image respectively, and then the corresponding low frequency images are spliced randomly to one image. The new image is scrambled by the iteration Arnold transform with parameters, and the gray-level information of the scrambled image is encoded by quantum image correlation decomposition. For the encryption algorithm, the keys are iterative times, added parameters, classical binary and orthonormal basis states. The key space, the security and the computational complexity are analyzed, and all of the analyses show that the proposed encryption algorithm could encrypt multiple images simultaneously with lower computational complexity compared with its classical counterparts.     

基于WT算法联合混沌理论的图像加密研究

图像加密作为信息加密领域的重要一支,其对于信息安全的重要性显得愈发重要,能够有效地对目标图像信息进行加解密逐步成为了人们的研究热点。为了提高图像加密的安全性,以混沌系统所具有的初值敏感性以及类似随机为基础,提出了采用“混沌变换”方法对图像进行置乱操作的算法,随后以此为基础结合小波理论设计一种图像加密算法。在图像的预处理阶段首先对图像采用小波变换得到四幅小波子图;随后基于混沌置换将四幅子图置乱处理;最后通过小波逆变换恢复出目标加密图像。通过数值仿真实验表明通过该方法解密获得的图像具有与原图像非常高的一致性,并且获得了较高的安全性。     

Color image encoding in dual fractional Fourier-wavelet domain with random phases

A new cryptology in dual fractional Fourier-wavelet domain is proposed in this paper, which is calculated by discrete fractional Fourier transform and wavelet decomposition. Different random phases are used in different wavelet subbands in encryption. A new color image encoding method is also presented with basic color decomposition and encryption respectively. All the keys, including random phases and fractional orders in R, G and B three channels, should be correctly used in decryption, otherwise people cannot obtain the totally correct information. Some numerical simulations are presented to demonstrate the possibility of the method. It would have widely potential applications in digital color image processing and protection.     

基于SPIHT的图像加密与压缩关联算法

为了研究图像压缩与加密同步进行问题, 本文提出了一种在变换域下的图像加密与压缩关联算法在该算法中, 加密过程发生在小波变换与SPIHT编码之间它充分利用了离散小波变换和基于层次树的集合划分(set partitioning in hierarchical trees, SPIHT)编码属性, 扩散过程被限制在单个子带内部. 此外, 混淆过程保留了SPIHT编码中两个最重要的位和符号位, 它包含了图像的重要信息. 实验结果表明, 算法具有良好的安全性、图像重构视觉质量以及很高的加/解密速度.     

Optical hyperspectral data encryption in spectrum domain by using 3D Arnold and gyrator transforms

In this letter, a hyperspectral image encryption algorithm based on 3D Arnold transform and gyrator transform in spectrum domain is proposed. First, the original hyperspectral cube will be scrambled by 3D Arnold transform in the spatial domain. Subsequently, the obtained intermediate data are converted into spectrum domain to create a new spectral image. This new spectral image is decomposed into numerous single pieces and encoded using gyrator transform. The corresponding decrypted hyperspectral cube can be recovered by performing along the reverse direction of the encryption process. Some numerical simulations have been performed to verify the validity and capability of the proposed hyperspectral encryption algorithm.     

一种基于非下采样Contourlet变换多聚焦图像融合算法

针对现有小波类图像融合算法的不足,提出了一种基于非下采样Contourlet变换多聚焦图像融合算法,并在Contourlet域中引入了局部区域可见度以及局部方向能量的概念.针对低频子带系数和各带通方向子带系数分别提出了基于局部区域可见度以及基于局部方向能量的系数选择方案.通过对多聚焦图像融合的仿真实验,表明该算法相对于传统的基于离散小波变换和离散小波框架变换融合算法能够有效减少有用信息的丢失以及虚假信息的引入,同时能够从源图像中提取更多的有用信息并注入到融合图像中, 得到更好视觉效果和更优量化指标的融合图像.     

基于混沌与快速小波变换的多光谱图像压缩加密算法

针对多光谱图像存储和传输安全性问题,提出一种将混沌思想、小波变换和KL(karhunen-loeve)变换相结合的多光谱图像压缩加密算法。首先,采用K-means聚类方案将多光谱图像聚类为通用像素,通过选择合适的K值使算法的性能最优,同时便于后续处理;然后对通用像素进行二维离散9/7小波变换,对变换后的系数进行Arnold变换以及加密处理,消除多光谱图像大部分空间冗余,减少压缩过程中的块效应;之后对产生的小波系数进行改进的KL变换,消除残余空间冗余和光谱冗余;最后采用差分脉冲滤波器对系数进行编码,并采用Tent映射对码流进行混淆扩散加密。通过实验可知,本算法的信息熵达到11.794 3(选取12位多光谱图像),信息熵更接近最大值12,优于现有算法,可以更好的隐藏原图特征;该算法的像素变化率(NPCR)和归一化平均变化强度(UACI)分别为99.81%和34.19,优于现有的其他算法,本算法可以更好的抵御差分攻击;输出比特流变化率保持在47.62%～47.71%之间,密文比特流变化率保持在47.45%～47.52%,本算法具有较好的密钥敏感性;在压缩比为4∶1～32∶1范围内,系统PSN...     

离散分数阶随机变换与加权直方图交叉置乱的双图像加密算法

为了实现对两幅图像进行同步加密,降低传输负载并提高密文的抗明文攻击能力,提出了离散分数阶随机变换与加权像素混沌置乱的双图像加密算法。将2个分阶参数引入到Tent映射中,设计了新的Tent映射;根据明文像素值,构建加权像素直方图模型,联合位外部密钥,生成改进的Tent映射的初值;再利用初值对分数阶Tent映射进行迭代,输出2组随机序列,对2幅明文进行位置交叉混淆,获取2个置乱密文;基于DWT(discrete wavelet transform)技术,对2个置乱密文进行稀疏表示;根据混沌序列,定义随机循环矩阵,联合稀疏表示,获取2个置乱密文对应的测量矩阵。根据随机掩码与调制相位掩码,建立数据融合模型,将2个测量矩阵组合为复合矩阵;基于离散分数阶随机变换,对复合图像进行扩散,获取密文。测试数据显示:与已有的多图像加密方案相比,该算法的抗明文攻击能力与用户响应值更理想,密文的NPCR、UACI值分别达到了99.83%、34.57%。该算法具有较高的加密安全性,能够有效抵御网络中的外来攻击,确保图像安全传输。     

Double-Color-Image Compression-Encryption Algorithm Based on Quaternion Multiple Parameter DFrAT and Feature Fusion with Preferable Restoration Quality

To achieve multiple color images encryption, a secure double-color-image encryption algorithm is designed based on the quaternion multiple parameter discrete fractional angular transform (QMPDFrAT), a nonlinear operation and a plaintext-related joint permutation-diffusion mechanism. QMPDFrAT is first defined and then applied to encrypt multiple color images. In the designed algorithm, the low-frequency and high-frequency sub-bands of the three color components of each plaintext image are obtained by two-dimensional discrete wavelet transform. Then, the high-frequency sub-bands are further made sparse and the main features of these sub-bands are extracted by a Zigzag scan. Subsequently, all the low-frequency sub-bands and high-frequency fusion images are represented as three quaternion signals, which are modulated by the proposed QMPDFrAT with three quaternion random phase masks, respectively. The spherical transform, as a nonlinear operation, is followed to nonlinearly make the three transform results interact. For better security, a joint permutation-diffusion mechanism based on plaintext-related random pixel insertion is performed on the three intermediate outputs to yield the final encryption image. Compared with many similar color image compression-encryption schemes, the proposed algorithm can encrypt double-color-image with higher quality of image reconstruction. Numerical simulation results demonstrate that the proposed double-color-image encryption algorithm is feasibility and achieves high security.     

基于直方图变换的多光谱图像3D SPIHT压缩编码算法

提出了新的多光谱图像压缩方案,直方图变换的三维分层树的集划分(3D SPIHT)压缩编码算法。基于多光谱图像的成像特点,在去相关之前,提出一种可逆的直方图变换方法对多光谱各波段图像灰度值进行调整,来提高各波段间的相关性,然后再对变换后的图像利用K_L和二维小波变换去除谱间冗余和空间冗余。小波编码采用两种编码方案:3D_SPIHT以及对它进行改进后的三维位平面的SPIHT算法,并对两者进行了比较。实验表明,采用直方图变换的这两种方法都获得了良好的效果,比没变换前有更好的图像质量和压缩性能。     

Image fusion using non-separable wavelet frame

In this paper, an image fusion method is proposed based on the non-separable wavelet frame (NWF) for merging a high-resolution panchromatic image and a low-resolution multispectral image. The low-frequency part of the panchromatic image is directly substituted by multispectral image. As a result, the multispectral information of the multispectral image can be preserved effectively in the fused image. Due to multiscale method for enhancing the high-frequency parts of the panchromatic image, spatial information of the fused image can be improved. Experimental results indicate that the proposed method outperforms the intensity-hue-saturation (IHS) transform, discrete wavelet transform and separable wavelet frame in preserving spectral and spatial information.     

A Hybrid Domain Image Encryption Algorithm Based on Improved Henon Map

A hybrid domain image encryption algorithm is developed by integrating with improved Henon map, integer wavelet transform (IWT), bit-plane decomposition, and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) sequence operations. First, we improve the classical two-dimensional Henon map. The improved Henon map is called 2D-ICHM, and its chaotic performance is analyzed. Compared with some existing chaotic maps, 2D-ICHM has larger parameter space, continuous chaotic range, and more complex dynamic behavior. Second, an image encryption structure based on diffusion–scrambling–diffusion and spatial domain–frequency domain–spatial domain is proposed, which we call the double sandwich structure. In the encryption process, the diffusion and scrambling operations are performed in the spatial and frequency domains, respectively. In addition, initial values and system parameters of the 2D-ICHM are obtained by the secure hash algorithm-512 (SHA-512) hash value of the plain image and the given parameters. Consequently, the proposed algorithm is highly sensitive to plain images. Finally, simulation experiments and security analysis show that the proposed algorithm has a high level of security and strong robustness to various cryptanalytic attacks.     

Optical image compression based on adaptive directional prediction discrete wavelet transform

The traditional lifting wavelet transform cannot effectively reconstruct the nonhorizontal and nonvertical high-frequency information of an image. In this paper, we present a new image compression method based on adaptive directional prediction discrete wavelet transform (ADP-DWT). We first design a directional prediction model to obtain the optimal transform direction of the lifting wavelet. Then, we execute the directional lifting transform along the optimal transform direction. The edge and texture energy can be reduced in the nonhorizontal and nonvertical directions of the high-frequency sub-bands. Finally, the wavelet coefficients are coded with the set partitioning in hierarchical trees (SPIHT) algorithm. The new method holds the advantages of both adaptive directional lifting (ADL) and direction-adaptive discrete wavelet transform (DA-DWT), and the computational complexity is far lower than that in these methods. For the images containing regular and fine textures or edges, the coding preformance of ADP-DWT is better than that of ADL and DA-DWT.     

An image joint compression-encryption algorithm based on adaptive arithmetic coding

Through a series of studies on arithmetic coding and arithmetic encryption, a novel image joint compression- encryption algorithm based on adaptive arithmetic coding is proposed. The contexts produced in the process of image compression are modified by keys in order to achieve image joint compression encryption. Combined with the bit-plane coding technique, the discrete wavelet transform coefficients in different resolutions can be encrypted respectively with different keys, so that the resolution selective encryption is realized to meet different application needs. Zero-tree coding is improved, and adaptive arithmetic coding is introduced. Then, the proposed joint compression-encryption algorithm is simulated. The simulation results show that as long as the parameters are selected appropriately, the compression efficiency of proposed image joint compression-encryption algorithm is basically identical to that of the original image compression algorithm, and the security of the proposed algorithm is better than the joint encryption algorithm based on interval splitting.     

一种基于多级小波域分解的时域扩散光学层析成像方法的研究

面向基于有限差分光扩散模型的平板乳腺扩散光学层析反演问题,提出了一种有效提高图像重建质量的方法.与基于全空间域离散像点的传统重建算法不同,本方法采用小波函数对吸收系数和散射系数在空间域进行多尺度分解,在减少低分辨率重建中光学参量的个数、有效改善重建过程病态性的同时,通过逐级细化分解尺度,最终提高了图像的量化度和空间分辨率.数值模拟表明,该方法可实现目标体边对边4 mm的空间分辨率,量化度明显高于传统算法.     

一种结合JPEG压缩编码的彩色图像加密算法

为了研究针对联合图像专家小组压缩标准（joint photographic experts group,JPEG）彩色图像特点的加密算法,综合选择加密和在编码过程中加密两种思路,提出了一种空域和频域结合的加密算法. 首先在空域对8×8分块进行扩散置乱,然后利用边缘检测手段找出包含细节信息较多的重要分块,先加密所有分块中的直流（direct current,DC）系数,再选择重要分块中的一部分交流（alternating current,AC）系数进行加密,最后将分块重要性标记信息嵌入AC系数中进行传输. 通过理论分析和大量实验证明,算法格式兼容,密文图像视觉效果好、色彩分布均匀;算法密钥空间大,密钥敏感性强,安全性良好. 关键词： JPEG彩色图像 边缘检测 选择加密 结合编码加密     

基于方向金字塔框架变换的遥感图像融合算法

为了综合利用多光谱遥感图像与全色遥感图像之间的互补信息,提出了一种方向金字塔框架变换(SPFT),并基于此变换提出了一种遥感图像融合算法。具体融合过程是将多光谱图像的每个波段分别与高分辨力全色图像进行融合,首先将高分辨力全色图像与多光谱图像的待融合波段进行直方图匹配,然后对该波段图像以及直方图匹配后的高分辨力全色图像分别进行方向金字塔框架变换分解,融合过程就是对两图像方向金字塔框架变换分解后的系数进行组合,最后对组合后的系数进行方向金字塔框架逆变换即可得到该波段图像与高分辨力全色图像的融合图像。实验结果表明该算法在性能上优于基于亮度-色调-饱和度(1HS)的彩色空间变换以及基于离散小波框架变换(DWFT)的遥感图像融合方法,尤其对源图像之间存在配准误差的情况。     

Optical image encryption using chaos-based compressed sensing and phase-shifting interference in fractional wavelet domain

In this paper, a novel optical image encryption system combining compressed sensing with phase-shifting interference in fractional wavelet domain is proposed. To improve the encryption efficiency, the volume data of original image are decreased by compressed sensing. Then the compacted image is encoded through double random phase encoding in asymmetric fractional wavelet domain. In the encryption system, three pseudo-random sequences, generated by three-dimensional chaos map, are used as the measurement matrix of compressed sensing and two random-phase masks in the asymmetric fractional wavelet transform. It not only simplifies the keys to storage and transmission, but also enhances our cryptosystem nonlinearity to resist some common attacks. Further, holograms make our cryptosystem be immune to noises and occlusion attacks, which are obtained by two-step-only quadrature phase-shifting interference. And the compression and encryption can be achieved in the final result simultaneously. Numerical experiments have verified the security and validity of the proposed algorithm.