The analysis of system performance of WDM/OCDMA-PON based on DQPSK/OOK

This paper mainly studies the combination of quadrature modulation of the phase modulation/amplitude modulation. Phase domain modulation formats mainly study the differential quadrature differential phase shift keying (DQPSK) and amplitude domain modulation format mainly studies the on–off keying (OOK). Through the above analysis, we know orthogonal to modulation technology of OCDMA system solution-PON DQPSK/OOK based on has a large advantage over the ordinary PON system.     

The analysis of system performance of WDM/OCDMA-PON based on DQPSK

The paper proposes an OCDM/WDM PON system solution based on DQPSK which has passed theoretical and simulative tests. This solution can realize the effective integration between OCDMA technology and DWDM system. Compared with the traditional OCDMA/WDM system, this solution saves a large number of OCDMA decoders/encoders, effectively reduces the complexity of the system integration process, and accomplishes seamless integration and upgrade. The results show that compared with the OCDM/WDM PON system based on OOK, the OCDM/WDM PON system based on DQPSK has advantages as follows: higher sensitivity for the receiving system; better system security and wider system noise margin. These advantages provide the DQPSK-based OCDM/WDM PON system solution with a better application prospect.     

A hybrid WDM transport system based on mutually injection-locked Fabry-Perot laser diodes

A hybrid wavelength-division-multiplexing (WDM) transport system based on mutually injection-locked Fabry-Perot laser diodes (FP LDs) for CATV, 256-QAM and OC-48 transmission is proposed and demonstrated. Mutually injection-locked FP LDs as broadband light source could be relatively simple and cost-effective compared with other demonstrated light source schemes. The proposed hybrid WDM transport system employs four filtered wavelengths (modes) to transmit 111 AM-VSB channels, four 256-QAM digital passband channels, and one OC-48 digital baseband channel simultaneously. Since our proposed system does not use multiple distributed feedback (DFB) LDs, it reveals a prominent one with simpler and more economic advantages.     

基于体全息技术的波分解复用(WDM)器件研究

为了寻求更高质量和密集度的WDM器件，对体全息技术制作WDM器件的新方法进行了研究。利用耦合波理论讨论了光折变多重体全息光栅作为波长滤波器实现波长解复用的基本原理。通过理论分析得出了最大衍射效率、最佳写入光强比与耦合强度大小的关系表达式。考虑有效电光系数和空间电荷场随写入光路几何组态的变化关系，以及各信道衍射光波长、衍射角等因素对曝光时序的影响，利用递推法推导出更为精确的曝光时序。采用高亮度溴钨灯代替价格昂贵的大功率可调谐激光器作为波长解复用光源，设计出基于体全息技术的16通道波分解复用器的实验方案。理论分析表明，该器件可将波长相隔0.8nm的谱线分开约1.0mm，这有助于实现密集波长的解复用。     

基于混合光纤放大器的波分复用光纤传输系统研究

在研究了入纤功率、光器件的插入损耗以及非归零码中1码出现的概率对系统误码率影响的基础上,提出了一种基于混合光纤放大器的波分复用(WDM)光纤传输系统设计方案,并对该系统的噪声特性进行了详细地研究。提出了一种抑制前向噪声的有效方法,实现了20路WDM信号320km无误码传输。试验结果对基于混合光纤放大器的波分复用光纤传输系统的设计具有一定的指导意义。     

Performance evaluation of a WDM/OCDM based hybrid optical switch utilizing efficient resource allocation

A hybrid optical switch （HOS） with physical layer of wavelength division multiplexing and optical code division multiplexing （WDM/OCDM） scheme is proposed. An additional feature to the HOS than optical cross connect （OXC） is that the controller can process requests for both circuit establishment and burst scheduling. In our study, the measurement criteria of HOS are the blocking probability, probability of error, and probability of outage. To simplify the analysis, no distinction is made between a circuit in progress and a burst in progress. Moreover, a minimum fit （MinF） resource allocation strategy is applied in order to increase the bandwidth efficiency and control the multiplexing interference of the OCDM. A 2D Markov model for the HOS is presented using the MinF strategy. Numerical results reveal that the code parameters and the resource allocation strategy greatly affect the performance. Certain periority can be achieved by assigning shorter codes to high periority users and longer codes to low periority users. Also, the probability of error and outage are reduced bv aonling the MinF strategy.     

Remotely pumped EDFA-based 40-Gb/s downstream and 10-Gb/s upstream long-reach WDM PON employing RSOA and FBG equalizer

We propose a remotely pumped Er-doped fiber amplifier （EDFA）-based 40-Gb/s downstream and 10- Gb/s upstream transmission long-reach wavelength division multiplexing passive optical network （WDM- PON） scheme with downstream and upstream transmission implemented by quadrature phase-shift keying （QPSK） transceiver and reflective semiconductor optical amplifier （RSOA）-based intensity modulation direct detection （IM-DD）. Transmissions of the 40-Gb/s QPSK downstream, using a Mach-Zehnder mod- ulator, and the 10-Gb/s non-return-to-zero on-off keying （NRZ-OOK） upstream, using a 1.2-GHz RSOA equalized by fiber Bragg grating （FBG）, are demonstrated with 40-km fiber transmission.     

Enhanced optical gain clamping for upstream packet based traffic on hybrid WDM/TDM-PON using fiber Bragg grating

In this paper, we propose a method to mitigate the temporal power transients arising from Erbium doped fiber amplifiers (EDFAs) on packeted/bursty scenario. The technique, applicable on hybrid WDM/TDM-PON for extended reach, is based on a low power clamping provided by a distributed feedback (DFB) laser and a fiber Bragg grating (FBG). An improvement in the data signal Q factor was achieved keeping the clamping control signal with a low power, accompanied by a maximum reduction in the gain excursion of 1.12 dB.     

BLS polarization-induced performance degradation in WDM-PON systems based on wavelength-locked FP-LDs

We experimentally investigated the performance degradation due to broadband light source (BLS) polarization in wavelength-division multiplexing-passive optical network systems based on a wavelength-locked Fabry-Perot laser diode. The results showed that the BLS polarization difference between two polarization states should be less than 3 dB, and its injection power should be greater than −18 dBm for a received-power penalty of less than 1 dB.     

A three-channels WDM based on MMI in photonic crystal

A photonic crystal waveguide coupling structure can be constructed by putting three adjacent photonic crystal waveguides in parallel. Guided mode propagation method is employed to analyze the interference behavior of the approximate solution in such a coupling and the self-image phenomenon in multi-mode waveguides. A three-channel multimode interference wavelength division multiplexing can be obtained. The presented device has a high transmission rate as well as the advantage of multi-wavelength selection, thus it may have a potentially practical application in future photonic integrated circuit.     

Towards a scalable quantum computer/simulator based on trapped ions

We describe the concept and experimental demonstration of the basic building blocks of a scalable quantum computer using trapped-ion qubits. The trap structure is divided into subregions where ion qubits can either be held as memory or subjected to individual rotations and multi-qubit gates in processor zones. Thus, ion qubits can become entangled in one trapping zone, then separated and distributed to separate zones (by switching control-electrode potentials) where subsequent single- and two-ion gates, and/or detection is performed. Recent work using these building blocks includes (1) demonstration of a dense-coding protocol, (2) demonstration of enhanced qubit-detection efficiency using quantum logic, (3) generation of GHZ states and their application to enhanced precision in spectroscopy, and (4) the realization of teleportation with atomic qubits. In the final section an analog quantum computer that could provide a shortcut towards quantum simulations under requirements less demanding than those for a universal quantum computer is also described. PACS 03.67.Lx; 32.80.Qk     

OMNI: An optoelectronic multichannel network interface based on hybrid CMOS-SEED technology

This paper presents a hybrid CMOS-SEED multiprocessor network interface smart pixel design that implements a reservation-based channel control protocol for collisionless concurrent access to multiple optical interprocessor communication channels. An asynchronous optical token is used as the arbitration mechanism for reservation control instead of slotted access. This work demonstrates that complex network protocol functions can be implemented using optoelectronic smart pixel technology.     

一种新颖的由分插复用器构成的双向WDM网络

提出了一种新颖的双向波分复用网络结构,由多个分插复用器通过单模光纤连接而成。其中,分插复用器是基于声光效应和光纤布拉格光栅的反射特性制成的。由理论分析和实验得到的结果表明,该器件可实现一定数量信道的光信号的双向分插复用。这种双向波分复用光网络可按要求进行设计,使具有某种特征波长的光信号在设定位置的分插复用器中实现分插复用,使其按所设计的光路在波分复用网络中传输。     

Reconfigurable WDM add/drop multiplexer based on optical switches and fibre Bragg gratings

A reconfigurable wavelength-division-multiplexing (WDM) add/drop multiplexer (WADM) is constructed using optical switches (OSWS) and fibre Bragg gratings (FBGs). Selected one or two channel(s) can be added/dropped at the same multiplexer by properly controlling the optical switch pair and fibre Bragg grating arrangement. Afour-channel system is experimentally demonstrated for a data rate of 2.5 Gb s–1 and a single-mode fibre (SMF) distance of 100km. A negligible maximum power penalty of only 0.3dB is observed when compared with back-to-back transmission.     

Novel mid-IR laser based on hybrid AlGaAsSb/InAs/CdMgSe heterostructure

We report on the development of a novel design of a mid-IR laser combining III–V and II–VI compounds in a “hybrid” double heterostructure. It possesses large (1.5 eV) potential barriers both for injected electrons and holes, suppressing their leakage from the active region, and provides strong optical confinement. An AlGaAsSb/InAs/CdMgSe laser diode with a III–V/II–VI heterovalent interface at the 0.6 μm-InAs active region has been grown by molecular beam epitaxy on an InAs substrate. Despite a far from optimal defect density at the CdMgSe/InAs interface and high losses inherent for bulk active region of the laser, the structure demonstrates lasing at 2.8 μm (up to 100 K) in the pulsed regime with a threshold current density of 3–4 kA/cm². Type II InSb monolayer insertions into an InAs layer show bright photoluminescence at 3.8 μm (77 K), confirming the great potential of the InAs-based nanostructure active region for longer wavelength applications.     

溶胶-凝胶法制备有机硅掺杂有机/无机复合疏水性减反射膜的研究

以正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)和硅油为前驱体,在碱性催化体系中制备出有机硅改性二氧化硅溶胶,采用提拉法获得了具备疏水性能的二氧化硅减反膜。通过透射电镜、扫描探针显微镜、红外光谱、分光光度计、表面轮廓仪等多种方法研究了改性后的膜层性能。在高湿度环境中存放两周后,在波长确定的情况下,常规二氧化硅减反膜透过率由99.2%降到了96.5%,疏水改性膜层透过率仍然高于99%。与常规减反膜相比,疏水改性减反膜在高湿度条件下防止潮气侵蚀的性能得到了大幅度的提高。     

Characteristics of 980/1550 nm WDM coupler based on planar curved waveguides

A wavelength division multiplexer (WDM) for 980/1550 nm based on planar curved waveguide coupler (CWC) is proposed. Compared with conventional parallel straight waveguide coupler (SWC), this structure has more flexibility with two variable parameters of bending radius R and minimum edge-to-edge spacing d₀, which are the two main parameters for the splitting ratio of coupler and decrease the complexity of device design and fabrication. Based on coupled mode theory (CMT) and waveguide theory, R and d₀ of the WDM CWC are designed to be R=13.28 m and d₀=4.39 μm. The contrast ratio (CR) and insertion loss (IL) for 980 and 1550 nm are CR₁=24.62 dB, CR₂=24.56 dB and IL₁=0.014 dB, IL₂=0.015 dB, respectively. The 3D beam propagation method (BPM) is used to verify the validity of the design result. The influence of R and d₀ variations on the device performance is analyzed. For CR>20 dB, the variation ranges of R and d₀ should be within −0.10 to +0.44 m and −0.05 to +0.02 μm, respectively.     

基于忆阻器的数模混合随机数发生器

数字方法实现的混沌随机数发生器存在有限字长效应, 无法保证随机数良好的统计特性. 本文构建了一类包含最少模拟器件的新数模混合系统, 分析了混合系统的非线性动力学行为. 利用现场可编程逻辑门阵列和一阶广义忆阻器实现了复杂混沌映射, 克服了有限字长效应, 构造了稳定的高速混沌随机数发生器, 可以产生100 Gbit/s以上速率的随机数. 研究表明, 数模混合系统的混沌性对元件参数变化不敏感. 混合系统易于集成在图像加密、保密通信和雷达波形设计等应用系统中.     

A method of segment protection based on p-cycle for dynamic multicast with limited-range wavelength converter in WDM network

In the optical multicast network, node and link failures have very important influence on the network survivability which may lead to multiple destinations cannot receive data. Based on the wavelength layered-graph method, a method of efficiency-score based on heuristic algorithm of pre-configured cycle (p-Cycle) based-segment protection (ESHS) for dynamic multicast with limited-range wavelength conversion was presented in this paper. By finding the multicast tree segment protection, the total available p-Cycles are constructed for the multicast. Then we calculate each p-Cycle efficiency-score, the highest efficient-score p-Cycle is selected as the multicast route protection p-Cycle. The simulation results show that the ESHS can get higher performance than the existing ESHT algorithm, in terms of multicast request blocking probability and wavelength utilization.