过敏性哮喘患者血清中10种必需微量元素水平的研究

３４例过敏性哮喘患者血清中铁，锌、铜，锰硒铬，钴镍，钡，钼的含量水平与对照组比较，揭示：（１）铁，铜，铬的含量升高；（２）硒，镍，钴、钒的钼的含量降低；（３）锌和锰的含量差异无显著性，Ｐ〉０．０５。     

过敏性哮喘患者血清中钙镁钡铝锶含量的研究

３４例过敏性哮喘患者血清中钙、镁、钡、铝、锶的含量与对照组比较，结果显示（１）钙的含量明显下降，Ｐ＜０．０１；（２）钡和锶的含量升高，差异有显著性和高度显著性，Ｐ＜０．０５和Ｐ＜０．０１；（３）镁和铝的含量差异无显著性，Ｐ＞０．０５。     

肾炎及肾衰患者血中金属元素含量的变化

用原子吸收法或极谱法测定了对例慢性肾炎病人（A组）和24例慢性肾衰病人(B组)及40名健康人（对照组，C组）全血中的Fe、Zn、Cu、Mn、Se、Pb和Ga含量。结果表明，A组与C组比较．血中Fe的含量A组明显低于C组（P＜0.05），Zn、Mn和Se的含量A组均非常明显低于C组（P＜0.01），Pb含量A组非常明显高于C组（P＜0．01），Cu和Ca含量两组间均无明显差异（P＞0.05）；B组与C组比较，Fe含量B组明显低于C组（P＜0.06），Se含量则B组明显高于C组（P＜0.05）；Zn、Mn、Cu、Ga含量B组均非常明显低于C组（P＜0.01），而Pb含量则B组非常明显高于C组（P＜0．01）。     

中国正常人体内元素含量的检测研究

开展正常人体内元素含量的检测研究具有重要生物学意义，不仅可充实我国正常成年人脏器组织元素含量值的基础医学数据，为研究人体内微量元素与健康的关系提供科学依据、也为辐射防护领域内放射性核素的剂量估算提供重要参数。本文从以下五个方面进行了论述：（）体内元素含量检测研究的目的、意义及其概况；（2）元素含量检测的重要性及其历史沿革；（3）元素的检测方法及质量控制；（4）人体内脏器组织元素含量的数值；（5）与国外资料相比较。本文着重介绍了我国100例正常成年人20个脏器组织（包括胃、小肠、大肠、心、肝、脾、肺、肾、…     

运动对去卵巢大鼠骨元素代谢的影响

用测定骨元素含量的方法，分析了运动对正常大鼠和切除双侧卵巢后的大鼠骨元素代谢的影响。将健康4个月龄雌性SD大鼠44只随机分成5组：（1）非去势非运动组；（2）非去势＋运动组；（3）假去势非运动组；（4）去势非运动组；（5）去势＋运动组。运动组用大鼠专用跑台中等运动强度训练，持续10周。结果表明，去卵巢大鼠骨Ca,Mg,S,Mn,Zn等含量显著降低，P含量显著增加。运动训练可使去卵巢大鼠降低的骨Ca,Mg,S,Mn,Zn等含量显著回升，骨P含量显著回降。提示中等强度运动训练可对抗由于去卵巢所引起的骨元素代谢紊乱。     

分散聚合水基聚苯胺乳胶微球制备与表征

水溶性空间稳定剂聚乙烯吡咯烷酮（PVP）存在时，采用分散聚合制备水溶性单分散的聚苯胺(PAn)乳胶粒子，采用透射电子显微镜（TEM）观察粒子形态及尺寸；利用紫外-可见吸收光谱对胶体分散体系进行表征.实验结果表明，当PAn含量较少（w< 16.78％）时， PAn-PVP复合乳胶粒子呈米粒状；当PAn含量较大（w >23.22％）时， PAn-PVP复合乳胶粒子呈球形.     

海带中生命元素的ICP—AES研究

应用ＩＣＰ－ＡＥＳ技术测定了Ｓｒ，Ｃａ，Ｍｇ，Ｐ，Ｆｅ，Ｃｕ，Ｍｎ和Ｚｎ等８种生命元素在海带中的分布，发现三种分布模式；（１）Ｆｅ，Ｃｕ，Ｍｎ，Ｚｎ在叶状体末端和边缘，固着器末端含量高，其余部位含量低；（２）Ｓｒ和Ｃａ的分布规律与第一类相似，但固着器基部高于固着器末端；（３）Ｍｇ和Ｐ均匀分布。     

银杏叶中聚异戊烯醇化合物的分光光度法测定

基于秋加耶夫（Chugaev）反应，采用分光光度法测定银杏叶中聚异戊烯醇化合物含量；以ZnCl2的CH3COOH溶液－CH3COCl（体积比10：1）为显色剂，通过在388nm处测定溶液的吸光度确定聚异戊烯醇化合物的含量；聚异戊烯醇化合物在0．103－2．060mg范围内与吸光度值有良好线性关系；方法的回收率为97％－103％，相对标准偏差（RSD）为5．7％；方法简便、快速。     

旋光性除草剂敌草强分析方法的研究

报道了旋光性除草剂敌草强光学纯度的分析方法。（１）将原料中间体（±）－湿基酸和Ｒ（－）和Ｓ（＋）－湿基酸分别与Ｓ（－）－α－甲基苄胺反应，制备成非对映衍生物，再用高效液相色谱测定Ｒ（－）和Ｓ（＋）光学异构体的相对纯度；（２）用旋光仪测定Ｒ（－）－敌草强的光学纯度；（３）用高效液相色谱法测定敌草强的化学含量。经（２）、（３）方法综合校正后，计算出Ｒ（－）－敌草强的真正含量。     

过敏性哮喘患者血清中镉铅铍含量的探讨

３４例过敏性哮喘患者血清中镉，铅，铍的含量与对照组比较，研究结果揭示：（１）铍的含量明显升高，差异有高度显著性，Ｐ〈０．０１；（２）镉和铅的含量明显下降，差异有高度显著性，Ｐ〈０．０１。     

正常妊娠与妊高征患者血清中8种必需微量元素水平的研究

７８例正常妊娠妇女和４０例妊高征患者血清中铁、锌、铜、锰、硒、铬、钴和镍的含量与健康未孕妇女比较，正常妊娠妇女和妊高征患者均是铜和锰的含量升高，铁、锌、硒、铬、钴和镍含量降低；妊高征患者与正常妊娠妇女比较，则是铁、铜和锰的含量升高，锌、硒、铬、钴和镍的含量降低。     

肿瘤患者放疗前后血清八种微量元素含量的研究

对临床、病理、放射线或CT检查确诊的82名癌肿患者，在放疗前后和对42名健康人进行了微量元素铁、锌、铜、锰、硒，铬、钴、镍的分析。研究结果显示：1．癌肿患者血清铜、镍、锰、铬、钴的含量比健康人高，而血清锌、铁、硒的含量却比健康人低；2．血清Cu／Zn、Cr／Zn、Co／Zn、Ni／Zn的比值癌肿患者均比健康人高，而Fe、Zn、Se／Zn的比值却相反。因此，可根据血清铜升高、血清锌降低，血清铜／锌比值升高的特点。用于癌肿的早期诊断；3．癌肿患者放疔后血清铁、锌含量进一步下降，铜、锰、铬的含量也出现降低，唯有硒的含量有所上升。因此，放疗时应注意补充铁、锌、铜元素。     

Effects of various elements on arsenic accumulation of the alga Dunaliella salina

The effect of 23 various elements (nitrogen, manganese, magnesium, molybdenum, zinc, selenium, gallium, nickel, cobalt, lithium, strontium, vanadium, tin, antimony, bismuth, cadmium, chromium, lead, iron, silver, copper, potassium and calcium) in water on growth and arsenic accumulation in Dunaliella saline was investigated. The order of growth inhibition of D. salina by these elements was Ag>Cd>Co>Ni>Cu>Zn>Fe>Sb>Ga>Cr>Bi>Sr>Mn>Sn>Se>Pb>V>Ca, Mg, Mo, K, Li. Arsenic accumulation in D. salina was unaffected by an increase in calcium and chromium. Also, the arsenic content in D. salina decreased at a potassium concentration of 100 mg dm^?3, and was also reduced by the addition of cadmium and nitrogen; however, it was increased by the addition of lithium at 100 mg dm^?3, tin, gallium, bismuth, strontium, vanadium, iron and manganese at 10 mg md^?3, lead, antimony, zinc, copper cobalt and nickel at 1 mg dm^?3, selenium at 0.1 mg dm^?3, and silver at 0.005 mg dm^?3, respectively. These results imply that arsenic accumulation by D. salina depends upon biological activity and physical adsorption.     

116例冠心病患者血清中铜铬锰钴镍钒含量的探讨

测定了１１６例冠心病患者血清中铜、铬、锰、钴、镍、钒的含量并与正常值比较，显示含量升高才是有铬和镍，降低者有钴和钒、无差异者有铜和锰。     

The analysis of copper refinery slimes

Methods are reviewed for the determination of the following constituents of copper refinery slimes: aluminium, antimony, arsenic, barium, bismuth, calcium, cobalt, copper, gold, iron, lead, magnesium, manganese, molybdenum, nickel, platinum metals, selenium, silicon, silver, sulphur, tellurium, tin and zinc.     

Determination of trace amounts of gold and silver in high-purity iron and steel by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry after reductive coprecipitation

Trace amounts of gold and silver in high-purity iron or steel were preconcentrated by reductive coprecipitation with palladium using ascorbic acid, and determined by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (ET-AAS). Both gold and silver could be simultaneously separated and sensitively determined in 10 metals (aluminum, cobalt, chromium, copper, iron, manganese, molybdenum, nickel, vanadium and zinc). Comparable values were obtained for gold and silver in reference materials (low alloy steel) by the proposed method and a non-separation method; good agreement was found between the analytical values by both methods and the certified values. The proposed method is easy, simple and not dependent on sample composition and content. Moreover, gold and silver in metal samples could be simultaneously separated together with selenium and tellurium. The detection limits for gold and silver (3 σ) are 0.003 μg g^–1 and 0.002 μg g^–1, respectively. Received: 3 February 2000 / Revised: 11 April 2000 / Accepted: 16 April 2000     

Determination of trace amounts of gold and silver in high-purity iron and steel by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry after reductive coprecipitation

Trace amounts of gold and silver in high-purity iron or steel were preconcentrated by reductive coprecipitation with palladium using ascorbic acid, and determined by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (ET-AAS). Both gold and silver could be simultaneously separated and sensitively determined in 10 metals (aluminum, cobalt, chromium, copper, iron, manganese, molybdenum, nickel, vanadium and zinc). Comparable values were obtained for gold and silver in reference materials (low alloy steel) by the proposed method and a non-separation method; good agreement was found between the analytical values by both methods and the certified values. The proposed method is easy, simple and not dependent on sample composition and content. Moreover, gold and silver in metal samples could be simultaneously separated together with selenium and tellurium. The detection limits for gold and silver (3 σ) are 0.003 μg g^–1 and 0.002 μg g^–1, respectively. Received: 3 February 2000 / Revised: 11 April 2000 / Accepted: 16 April 2000     

Synthesis, characterization and analytical application of a hydroxamic acid resin

A chelating ion-exchange resin with hydroxamic acid functional groups was synthesized from styrene-maleic acid co-polymer cross-linked with divinylbenzene. A resin prepared from equimolar amounts of styrene and maleic anhydride with 0.75 mole% divinylbenzene gives the best sorption characteristics. The selectivity of the resin for metal ions is copper(II) > cobalt(II) > zinc(II) > nickel(II) > manganese(II) > chromium(III) > iron(III) > vanadium(V). Copper(II), chromium(III) and iron(III) in chromium plating baths can be separated by use of the resin and determined spectrophotometrically.     

Extractive separation of lower valent vanadium by complexation with picolinic acid

Summary Vanadium (III), obtained by sodium dithionite reduction of vanadium (V), forms a coloured complex with picolinic acid which is extracted into chloroform from slightly acidic medium. The method is free from interference by relatively high concentrations of analytical important elements such as iron, cobalt, nickel, zinc, copper, titanium, aluminium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten and uranium. The proposed method of separation is simple and rapid and its applicability has been tested by the satisfactory recovery of vanadium from a variety of synthetic and natural samples.