活性炭表面固载十二硅钨酸的表征

活性炭表面固载十二硅钨酸的表征王新平，叶兴凯，吴越（中国科学院长春应用化学研究所，长春１３００２２）关键词硅钨酸，杂多酸，活性炭，负载型催化剂，表征由于杂多酸的优异催化性能，近年来其固载化的研究深受人们的关注［１］．活性炭是固载杂多酸较好的载体之一［...     

硅钼杂多酸光度法测定罐头中锡

测定锡的方法很多,有示波极谱法,苯芴酮法,原子吸收分光光度法,容量法等。目前在食品分析中经常使用的是苯芴酮法,但该法酸度不易控制,选择性不好,结果重现性较差。而在试验中发现,硅钼杂多酸经还原剂还原后可以生成硅钼杂多蓝络合物,因此,可以利用Sn~(2+)还原性将硅钼杂多酸还原生成硅钼蓝络合物,通过光电比色测定罐头中锡。本文详细研究了酸度、介质、温度、时间等因素对该显色体系的影响,确定了最佳试验条件,从而建立了测定食品罐头中锡的新方法硅钼蓝吸光光度法,该法具有操作简便、选择性好、准确、快速,不需使用特殊仪器设备等特点。     

固体石蜡碳糊硅钼酸电极的研制及应用

将固体石蜡作粘合剂的碳糊电极在１０＾－４ｍｏｌ／Ｌ硅钼杂多酸溶液中活化后，其表面形成了杂多酸薄膜。电极对浓度为２．０×１０＾－５￣１．０×１０＾－２ｍｏｌ／Ｌ范围的硅钼杂多酸有所斯特响应；斜率为２９．０ｍＶ，从而可间接测定硅。该电极选择性、稳定性较好，响应快，已用于矿泉水样中偏硅酸含量测定。     

SiO2表面硅钼酸的稳定性和还原性

采用ＦＴ－ＩＲ、ＸＲＤ、ＢＥＴ、ＴＰＲ等方法,研究了ＳｉＯ２负载硅钼杂多酸的热稳定性和还原性。结果表明,虽然ＳｉＭｏ的负载量达到２个理论单层,但仍以非晶形态高度分散在ＳｉＯ２上;负载的硅钼酸稳定性提高,热分解温度在３５０～６００℃,同时,可还原性能降低,杂多酸的稳定性和ＴＰＲ性能相关。     

杂多酸盐K_4H[SiMO_(11)VO_(40)]·18H_2O 1和K_4H_2[PMo_9V_3O_(40)]·18H_2O 2的晶体结构

在-90℃下用X线单晶衍射法测定了标题化合物的晶体结构。晶体属P_(421)~c〔P4/mnc〕,α=12.540(2)〔12.515(3)〕,c=17.565(5)〔17.636(7)〕A,z=2.用1672〔788〕个独立可观测反射精修结构参数得R=0.059〔0.057〕。1中的Si是4配位。Si-O=1.58A。M(M=Mo,V)是6配位,M-O=1.64-2.37A。K是7配位,K-O=2.80～3.11A。在化合物2中,PO_4是无序的,P-O=1.51A,M-O=1.63～2.47A,K是7配位,K-O=2.85～3.10A。两个晶体都是多层二维的网状结构。     

硅钨杂多酸催化合成戊二酸二异辛酯

戊二酸是一种很有利用价值的化工原料，国外对其开发利用较早，已制成戊二酸二甲酯或乙酯作为溶剂，有的还将戊二酸制成酯类增塑剂，认为戊二酸作为奇碳数二元酸，其增塑性能要优于己二酸酯类［１］。多年来，国内对己二酸生产过程中副产的戊二酸一直没有很好利用［２］。...     

硅钼杂多阴离子薄膜修饰电极线性扫描伏安法测定黑液中要溶性硅

本报导了以玻碳电极为基体的１∶１２硅钼杂多阴离子薄膜化学修，铈电极的制备及其电化学特性。并应用于导数伏安法测定。在４．０×１０＾－３ｍｏｌ／Ｌ９ＮＨ４）６Ｍｏ７Ｏ２４－６６．８×１０＾－２ｍｏｌ／ＬＮａ３Ｃｉｔ－０．４８ｍｏｌ／Ｌ ＮＨＯ３体系中，硅浓度在８．３×１０＾－７～１．７×１０＾－３ｍｏｌ／Ｌ。对可溶性硅（以ＳｉＯ２计）为２４５．０５ｍｇ／Ｌ的黑液，稀释１０倍后，取２．００ｍＬ平行测定     

硅锑钼三元杂多酸光化学光度法测定痕量硅

在０．０３ｍｏｌ／Ｌ ＨＣｌ－８％甲醇介质中,Ｓｉ（Ⅳ）、Ｓｂ（Ⅲ）、Ｍｏ（Ⅵ）形成三元杂多酸,再将ＨＣｌ浓度调至０．４３ｍｏｌ／Ｌ,用紫外光照射后生成ＳｉＳｂＭｏ三元杂多蓝（λｍａｘ＝７６０ｎｍ）。据此建立了一个测定０．０６～１．０μｍＬＳｉ的光化学分光光度分析新方法。该法具有灵敏度高,选择性好,操作简便等特点。     

Layer-by-layer assembly of silicotungstate multilayer films modified on glassy carbon electrode and their electrochemical behaviors

A new electrode was modified by multilayer films composed of heteropolyanion (SiW12) and cationic polymer poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) through electrochemical growth. The modified electrode electrochemical behavior, the effect of solution pH and electrocatalytic response to the reduction of BrO3- and NO2- have been investigated. The result shows that the electrochemical process of multilayer films modified electrode including SiW12 is a reversible process by electrochemical step. One-electron process has no proton participation in the first step, and one-electron process is accompanied by one proton participation in the second step and two-electron process is accompanied by two protons participation in the third step. The films grow uniformly, and the peak currents increase with increasing layer numbers. The peak currents increase with scan rate, and the reduced potentials of multilayer films shift negatively with increasing pH. The electrochemical mechanism of multilayer films was suggested.     

TiO2-WO3负载硅钨酸盐聚苯胺膜电极的电化学行为及电催化性能研究

用循环伏安法制备了金属氧化物(TiO2-WO3)负载硅钨酸盐聚苯胺膜修饰玻碳电极(PAn/SiW12/TiO2-WO3/GC),优化了聚合条件,并对该化学修饰电极的电化学行为,包括溶液pH值的影响和电极的稳定性等进行了研究。研究结果表明,此修饰电极聚合物膜不但保持了该杂多酸的电化学活性和电催化性能,又具有良好的稳定性。在0.5 mol/LH2SO4溶液中,该膜电极中的SiW12的第2个还原峰对BrO3-有很好电催化活性,催化过程符合EC平行催化机理。     

卟啉-金属氧簇超分子化合物的光谱及电催化氧还原

应用紫外可见吸收光谱研究了meso 四(4 N 苄基吡啶基)卟啉(MTBPyP4＋,M=H2,Zn)阳离子与金属氧簇阴离子(SiW12O4－40)在水溶液中的光谱行为. 光谱演变及Job图表明MTBPyP4＋与SiW12O4－40在水溶液中可形成稳定的1∶1的超分子化合物. 同时本文还考察了化学计量为1∶1的[CoTBPyP][SiW12O40]超分子化合物的电催化分子氧还原行为, 表明该类超分子化合物有望成为一类新的催化氧还原的修饰电极材料.     

Mechanistic analysis of the electrocatalytic properties of dissolved alpha and beta isomers of [SiW12O40]4- and solid [Ru(bipy)3]2[alpha-SiW12O40] on the reduction of nitrite in acidic aqueous media

Voltammetric studies on the reduction of alpha and beta isomers of the Keggin polyoxometalate anion [SiW12O40]4- reveal a series of electrochemically reversible processes in acidic aqueous media. In the presence of NO2-, catalytic current is detected in the potential region of the [SiW12O40]4-/5- process. Electronic spectroscopy and simulation of voltammetric data undertaken at variable [NO2-] and [H+] allow the following mechanism to be postulated, [SiW12O40]4- + e- <-->[SiW12O40]5-, H+ + HNO2 <--> NO+ + H2O, NO+ + [SiW12O40]5- --> NO + [SiW12O40]4-. The second-order rate constant for the rate-determining step is faster for the alpha isomer than for the beta one. This may be attributed to the different reversible potentials of -0.144 V (alpha isomer) and -0.036 V vs Ag/AgCl (beta isomer) and, hence, smaller driving force for an assumed outer sphere electron-transfer reaction in the case of beta isomer. A stable, water-insoluble, thin-film [Ru(bipy)3]2[alpha-SiW12O40] chemically modified electrode was generated electrochemically via ion-exchange of [Ru(bipy)3]2+ with Bu4N+ in the [Bu4N]4[alpha-SiW12O40] solid. The first reduction process with this modified electrode gives rise to the reaction [Ru(bipy)3]2[alpha-SiW12O40](solid) + H+(soln) + e- <--> H[Ru(bipy)3]2[alpha-SiW12O40](solid). The need to transfer a proton from the solution to the solid phase for charge neutralization purposes introduces a hydrogen-ion concentration dependence into this reaction, which is not found in the solution-phase study. Nevertheless, the voltammetric catalytic activity with respect to nitrite reduction is retained with the chemically modified electrode. However, nitrite catalysis with the [Ru(bipy)3]2[alpha-SiW12O40]-modified electrode is now independent of concentration of H+, rather than exhibiting a first-order dependence, and full mechanistic details for this process are unknown.     

Assembly and Electrochemical Study of Transition Metal Substituted Polyoxometalates SiW11NiO6-39 and SiW11MnO6-39 on 4-Aminothiophenol Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode

Via layer-by-layer assembly, the polyoxometalates of Keggin type, SiW11O39Ni(H2O)6-(SiNiW11) and SiW11O39Mn(H2O)6-(SiMnW11) were first immobilized on a 4-aminothiophenol(4-ATP) modified glassy carbon electrode surface. The electrochemical behavior of these polyoxometalates was investigated. They exhibited some special properties in the films, which are different from those in a homogeneous aqueous solution. Their reaction mechanism in a multilayer film is proposed. The electrocatalytic behavior of these multilayer film electrodes for the reduction of BrO-3 and NO-2 were comparatively studied.     

不同前驱体制备的Mn-H4SiW12O40/SiO2 催化剂对二甲醚催化氧化制取甲缩醛反应性能的影响

采用浸渍法分别用硫酸锰、醋酸锰、氯化锰和硝酸锰为原料制备了Mn-H4SiW12O40/SiO2 杂多酸催化剂。在常压连续流动固定床反应器中,考察了二甲醚选择氧化制取甲缩醛的反应活性。实验结果表明,催化剂的催化活性顺序为Mn-Cl2H4SiW12O40/SiO2>Mn(NO3)2H4SiW12O40/SiO2>MnSO4H4SiW12O40/SiO2>Mn(AC)2H4SiW12O40/SiO2。并进一步考察了反应温度对不同锰盐前驱体催化剂性能的影响。结果表明,随温度的升高,硫酸锰修饰的H4SiW12O40/SiO2 催化剂催化氧化比较剧烈,在613K时二甲醚转化率高达42.4%,但此时甲缩醛选择性仅为0.9%。采用氯化锰修饰的H4SiW12O40/SiO2催化剂,二甲醚催化氧化反应较缓和,并且甲缩醛的选择性明显高于分别采用硫酸锰、醋酸锰和硝酸锰改性的催化剂,在593K反应1h时,二甲醚转化率为8.6%,甲缩醛选择性达到37.5%。H2-TPR结果显示,硫酸锰改性的催化剂高温氧化性能明显强于另外三种催化剂,氯化锰的修饰使得催化剂的低温氧化性能变强。XRD结果表明,MnCl2 H4SiW12O40/SiO2催化剂的衍射特征峰明显强于其他三种催化剂,并且发现了MnO2衍射特征峰。     

Study on the Surface Photovoltage and Fluorescence Properties of N, N￠-Bis(4￠-aminopheny)-1, 4 quinonenediimine Doped with H4SiW12O40

Aniline oligomer composite materials using heteropolyacid H4SiW12O40 as dopant was synthesized, and the effect of the doping concentration on the photoluminescence and surface photovoltaic properties were investigated.     

原位电化学还原制备石墨烯修饰玻碳电极及其对亚硝酸根离子的电催化氧化性能

通过原位电化学还原直接制备石墨烯修饰玻碳电极,并用电化学阻抗谱（EIS）和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）对其进行了表征,研究了亚硝酸根离子（NO2-）在石墨烯修饰玻碳电极上的电化学行为.结果表明：石墨烯修饰玻碳电极对NO2-的氧化反应有良好的电催化活性,NO2-的浓度与峰电流呈良好的线性关系,且在pH 7.0的磷酸盐缓冲液（PBS）中其氧化峰电流最高.利用该方法测定了模拟废水中NO2的含量,结果令人满意.     

Study on the Surface Photovoltage and Fluorescence Properties of N, N-Bis(4-aminopheny)-1, 4 quinonenediimine Doped with H_4SiW_(12)O_(40)

Polyaniline, especially its acid-dopping composite material, is a kind of important photoelectric material due to its potential application in many fields1~3. However, it seems to be a problem that the polymers exhibit several deficiencies, including chemical and structural imperfections as a result of mislinkage, saturated sites, molecular weight distribution, the presence of the end groups and conformation defects. All of these defects affect the device efficiency and make it difficult to …     

meso-四(4-N-甲基吡啶基)卟啉-金属-氧簇超分子化合物的光谱及电催化氧还原行为研究

采用紫外可见吸收光谱研究了meso -四 ( 4 -N -甲基吡啶基 )卟啉 (M1 TMPyP ,M1 =H2 ,Zn)阳离子与金属-氧簇阴离子 (SiW1 2 O40 4 - )在水溶液中的光谱行为 .光谱演变及Job′s图表明M1 TMPyP与SiW1 2 O40 4 - 在水溶液中可形成相对稳定的 1∶1的超分子化合物。溶液的紫外可见吸收谱图明显不同于未相互作用的反应物吸收谱图的加和 ,表明有新化合物生成 ,且卟啉的发色团与SiW1 2 O40 4 - 通过静电发生强相互作用 ,同时考察了化学计量为1∶1的 [CoTMPyP][SiW1 2 O40 ]超分子化合物的电催化氧还原活性及其稳定性 ,表明该类超分子化合物有望成为新一类的催化氧还原的修饰电极材料。