超高斯光束在超短脉冲激光系统中的传输

 为了增大光束的填充因子及提高放大器的能量转换效率,设计了一种新型的空间4程放大器,该放大器包括四组由凹面镜组成的空间滤波器,它们构成一个全像传递系统。由于有实焦点,放大器置于真空系统中。放大前,入射的高斯光束首先通过一个软边光阑和一个空间滤波器,被整形为高阶超高斯光束,然后在放大器中进行放大和像传递。钛宝石晶体置于各空间滤波器的像面和物面上。实验表明,该放大器结构稳定,可以保持良好的光束质量,远场焦斑达到近一倍衍射极限。     

钕玻璃高功率激光系统中的空间滤波器的基本研究

本文在阐明多级空间滤波器像传递对改善光束质量作用的同时,对滤波小孔的选择进行了细致的理论探讨和数值计算。并对多级空间滤波器的景深提出了新的观点。对滤波器的精调提出了一套新的实验技术。 关键词：     

高功率固体激光器锥形空间滤波孔应用

锥形空间滤波孔是一种应用于高功率固体激光装置空间滤波的新型结构滤波小孔,其内部光滑的锥形结构可以有效滤除光束中的高频成分且避免等离子堵孔现象的发生。根据神光-Ⅲ主机装置结构特点,设计并加工了适用于主机装置的锥形空间滤波小孔,并开展了应用实验研究。通过与传统的平面结构滤波小孔对比可以看出,锥形小孔有效地避免了等离子体度堵孔现象,在与光束波前补偿技术配合使用条件下,保证光束顺利过孔,并成功实现了基频光7988 J的满能量输出。     

GS算法设计连续相位板时相位滤波器的选择

针对GS算法在设计连续相位板(CPP)时,迭代过程在解包相位中引入的高频调制,研究了初始相位与解包相位的频谱分布特性,并对两者的差别进行了比较。根据初始相位的频谱特性,提出了以初始相位的频域截止频率为相位滤波器的截止频率的滤波器选择方法。利用该方法进行了CPP设计,设计结果对应的远场焦斑参数为:均方根误差0.267 2,能量利用率96.32%,顶部不均匀度0.101 2。     

一种新的光学合成孔径系统成像性能指标与光瞳优化方法

为探索能够准确反映合成孔径系统成像性能的特征指标,计算比较了三种典型的六孔径阵列的填充因子上下限、截止频率、截止能量比以及相关系数等参数,发现其成像质量主要与调制传递函数(MTF)中低频段的频谱分布有关。在此基础上,提出了综合考虑频率高低与频段分布均匀性的加权频段能量曲线,可以较准确地反映不同阵列在成像质量方面的差异。为实现MTF中低频段频谱能量最大化,对三种阵列的光瞳结构进行优化,得到对应的中心聚合型阵列。实验结果表明,新阵列在成像质量上明显优于原阵列,填充因子范围也能满足一般设计需求。     

百瓦级近衍射极限VCSEL泵浦激光器

报道了高功率、高光束质量的垂直腔面发射半导体激光器(VCSEL)侧泵的Nd:YAG激光振荡器。从VCSEL泵浦源的主动冷却的热沉结构出发,设计了5个227 W的VCSEL线阵,并且通过优化侧面泵浦大口径激光棒的结构,研制成了具备480 W输出能力的棒状激光模块,相应的光-光效率为49.7%。在此基础上,设计了一种高功率、高光束质量的VCSEL侧面泵浦棒状Nd:YAG激光振荡器。腔内插入望远镜光学元件,并通过优化各光学元件的参数使其工作在热近非稳区域,以达到增大基横模体积和抑制高阶横模目的。最终,获得114 W的输出功率,相应的平均光束质量因子M2为1.42。由于VCSEL具备优秀的波长-温度稳定性,这种高功率、高光束质量的VCSEL泵浦的固体激光器在工业、空间等领域,具有极为广阔的应用前景。     

4×2×3阵列式放大器参数测量系统优化设计

采用软边光阑和多级空间滤波器组合技术实现了光束的空间整形和等像面传输，利用Fresnel光束传输计算程序对4×2×3阵列式放大器参数测量系统进行了优化设计，分析了空间滤波器中小孔尺寸对光束波面传输的影响，并对优化设计结果进行了分析和讨论，所用方法和所得结论对高功率固体激光放大系统的设计有应用意义。     

全息光栅曝光系统中空间滤波器孔径与激光束腰关系的选择方法

在全息光栅制作过程中, 由空气悬浮颗粒及光学器件缺陷引起的散射光会被记录在光刻胶上, 既影响光栅衍射效率, 又会带来光栅杂散光. 为消除系统散射光, 需要对激光光束的高频成分进行滤波处理. 但是, 激光光束通过空间滤波器后发生衍射, 进而影响干涉场质量, 因此选择合适的空间滤波器孔径是搭建全息光栅曝光系统的前提条件. 根据标量衍射积分理论, 通过卷积计算滤波光束的振幅分布分析光束的相位变化, 以光束相位突变位置远离光束中心为依据确定滤波器针孔半径与光束束腰半径的比值下限; 根据滤波光束的能量守恒关系, 通过滤波光束的高斯参数变化描述光束的衍射强弱规律, 以光束发生衍射的临界条件确定滤波器针孔半径与光束束腰半径的比值上限. 结果表明, 当空间滤波器针孔半径与激光束腰半径之比满足1.52< a/ω₀<2.2时, 滤波光束曝光区域相位恒定, 光束能量通过率大于99%, 在此区间空间滤波器滤波效果最好.     

热效应对激光器光束质量的自适应调整技术

在固体激光器中,热效应会同时影响抽运光和振荡光的空间分布。研究表明,对于端面抽运固体激光器而言,通常存在一个特定的抽运功率区间,使抽运光与基模振荡光在热效应的作用下,在增益介质内部高度重合,激光器的抽运光效率和光束质量得到大幅度提升。利用这一特点,设计了一种激光器,在抽运功率为105~115 W时,实现了抽运光与基模振荡光空间分布的高度重合,激光器光束质量因子小于2.3。在此区间外,激光器光束质量因子迅速增加到3以上。提出了一种计算上述抽运功率区间的优化算法,在端面抽运固体激光器中,可以快速寻找到理想的抽运功率区间,并与上述实验进行对比,结果表明使用该方法寻找到的抽运功率区间与实验所得到的区间高度吻合,相对误差低于5%,可靠性高。     

4×2×3阵列式放大器参数测量系统优化设计

 采用软边光阑和多级空间滤波器组合技术实现了光束的空间整形和等像面传输，利用Fresnel光束传输计算程序对4×2×3阵列式放大器参数测量系统进行了优化设计，分析了空间滤波器中小孔尺寸对光束波面传输的影响，并对优化设计结果进行了分析和讨论，所用方法和所得结论对高功率固体激光放大系统的设计有应用意义。     

Suppression for the Low spatial frequency Rings and Ripples of Laser Near field Intensity Distribution in the Spatial Filter Used in ICF Laser DriveSupported by the key project of the National Science Foundation, National Hi Tech Foundation.

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Free vibration of a single-walled carbon nanotube containing a fluid flow using the Timoshenko beam model

The flexural vibration of the fluid-conveying single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) is derived by the Timoshenko beam model, including rotary inertia and transverse shear deformation. The effects of the flow velocity and the aspect ratio of length to diameter on the vibration frequency and mode shape of the SWCNT are analyzed. Results show that the effects of rotary inertia and transverse shear deformation result in a reduction of the vibration frequencies, especially for higher modes of vibration and short nanotubes. The frequency is also compared with the previous study based on Euler beam model. In addition, if the ratio of length to diameter increased to 60, the influence of the shear deformation and rotary inertia on the mode shape and the resonant frequencies can be neglected. However, the influence is very obvious when the ratio decreased to 20. As the flow velocity of the fluid increases in the vicinity of 2π, the SWCNT reveals the divergence instability. It regains stability when the flow velocity reaches about 9. As the velocity increases further, the SWCNT undergoes a coupled-mode flutter and results in a larger amplitude.     

高功率激光装置光束准直系统新型远场监测技术

利用高功率激光装置空间滤波器小孔成像和取样光栅的衍射,设计出一套新型光路远场监测方案,并且在实验平台上进行了实验验证.实验结果表明：相对传统的远场监测方法,该远场监测系统通过侧面离轴光栅取样灵活利用空间,其调整平均误差为空间滤波器小孔直径0.9%,能够满足准直系统远场调整精度(<小孔直径5%)的要求. 关键词： 激光技术 光束准直 光栅 远场     

无外加氟施主产生KrF准分子发射谱实验研究

We report a new technique to suppress the low-spatial-frequency rings and ripples (LSFRs) of laser near-field intensity distribution in the spatial filter (SF) used in ICF laser drivers. This technique employs a spatial filter with Gaussian transmission, instead of the hard-edged pinhole, at the confocal plane of a Newtonian telescope. The resulting beam has a super-Gaussian transverse intensity profile without the LSFRs that certainly appear when a hard-pinhole was used as a filter in the conventional technique.     

FREE VIBRATIONS OF SELF-STRAINED ASSEMBLIES OF BEAMS

This paper examines the natural frequencies and modes of transverse vibration of two simple redundant systems comprising straight uniform Euler-Bernoulli beams in which there are internal self-balancing axial loads (e.g., loads due to non-uniform thermal strains). The simplest system consists of two parallel beams joined at their ends and the other is a 6-beam rectangular plane frame. Symmetric mode vibration normal to the plane of the frame is studied. Transcendental frequency equations are established for the different systems. Computed frequencies and modes are presented which show the effect of (1) varying the axial loads over a wide range, up to and beyond the values which cause individual members to buckle (2) pinning or fixing the beam joints (3) varying the relative flexural stiffness of the component beams. When the internal axial loads first cause any one of the component beams to buckle, the fundamental frequency of the whole system vanishes. The critical axial loads required for this are determined. A simple criterion has been identified to predict whether a small increase from zero in the axial compressive load in any one member causes the natural frequencies of the whole system to rise or fall. It is shown that this depends on the relative flexural stiffnesses and buckling loads of the different members. Computed modes of vibration show that when the axial modes reach their critical values, the buckled beam(s) distort with large amplitudes while the unbuckled beam(s) move either as rigid bodies or with bending which decays rapidly from the ends to a near-rigid-body movement over the central part of the beam. The modes of the systems with fixed joints change very little (if at all) with changing axial load, except when the load is close to the value which maximizes or minimizes the frequency. In a narrow range around this load the mode changes rapidly. The results provide an explanation for some computed results (as yet unpublished) for the flexural modes and frequencies of flat plates with non-uniform thermal stress distributions.     

Transverse mode frequency pulling in free electron lasers

We consider the spectral evolution of transverse modes in free electron lasers. While the gain maxima of the various transverse modes occur at different frequencies, coupling between the modes via the electron beam causes the modes to shift frequency such that the final laser frequency differs from what one would expect if only the TEM₀₀ mode were present. This can strongly effect the turn-on behavior in lasers with short electron pulses.     

Axial mode locking in a harmonic-multiplying, inverted gyrotwystron

When in microwave sources, an open waveguide operating at frequencies close to cutoff is used as a resonator, a number of modes with the same transverse structure, but different axial distribution can be excited by an electron beam. The width of the resonance curves of these modes broadens as the number of axial variations grows. This leads to overlapping of these curves at large axial indexes. As a result, phase locking of such modes may occur. A theory describing axial mode locking in gyrodevices is developed. The results of theoretical analysis are compared to a harmonic-multiplying, inverted gyrotwystron experiment. It is shown that such phase-locked operation in a set of modes with overlapping resonance curves can significantly enlarge the bandwidth of gyrodevices. Furthermore, this technique may be broadly applicable to other devices, which employ cavities with overlapping modes     

Cavity-controlled collective scattering at the recoil limit

We study collective scattering with Bose-Einstein condensates interacting with a high-finesse ring cavity. The condensate scatters the light of a transverse pump beam superradiantly into modes which, in contrast to previous experiments, are not determined by the geometrical shape of the condensate, but specified by a resonant cavity mode. Moreover, since the recoil-shifted frequency of the scattered light depends on the initial momentum of the scattered fraction of the condensate, we show that it is possible to employ the good resolution of the cavity as a filter selecting particular quantized momentum states.