用TX—1型数字图象处理系统自动采集和处理光弹图象

本文介绍了 TX—1型光测图象自动采集和处理系统,以径向受压圆盘为例,用该系统采集了等倾线、等色线和等和线。采用跟踪法提取条纹中心线,微机进行自动处理,实验结果与理论计算进行了比较。     

改进的六步相移法确定等倾角与等差线相位

光弹性应力分析是一种重要的实验方法,确定等倾线参数和等差线参数是光弹法的关键。常用的六步相移法可以自动确定等倾线和等差线参数,但在求解等倾角时,由于不能避免等倾线相位图中耦合等差线的影响,会造成误差。针对这个问题,本文提出优化方案--多次载荷-六步相移法,实现在等倾线相位图求解中消除等差线的影响。通过处理对称受压圆盘在不同载荷、不同光场下得到的光弹图像,实现光弹性等倾线和等差线的自动判读,验证了所提方法的可行性。     

光弹等差线与等倾线参数的全场检测法

本文研究了一种自动获得全场等差线级数与等倾线参数角的方法.该方法是根据“相移”思想,利用数字图像处理技术,对光弹等差线图与等倾线图进行位相检测,经过去包裹处理,确定出全场各点的等差条纹级次与主应力方向角.最后通过典型实验,考核了这种方法的正确性与处理精度。     

斜拉桥塔锚固区光弹性应力分析与等倾线图像处理

本文采用光弹性冻结应力法，对独塔斜拉桥塔锚固区进行了应力分析，给出了有关截面的边界应力分布及主应力迹线，从而为优化工程设计提供了重要的参考依据。本文还提出了一种新的提取等倾线的方法──图像对数增强相减法，实现了等倾线与等差线条纹的分离，同时使条纹得到了细化，提高了处理等倾线的速度与准确度。编制了自动绘制主应力迹线的程序，利用它绘制了桥塔截面的次主应力迹线。     

法拉第效应在全息光弹中的应用

本文在应用前人提出的单独获得等差线或等和线的实验方法的基础上,进一步研究和应用了法拉第旋光效应分离条纹的结果.还提出并实验了一种新方法,即应用法拉第旋光器改变光弹性中及全息光弹性中使用手动或机械去测取等倾线以及对等差线小数级条纹补偿的习惯作法.     

数字图像处理技术用于等倾线条纹的处理

本文利用数字图像处理技术,对光弹性条纹进行处理,实现了等倾线与等差线的分离,提高了等倾线的测试精度。同时利用微机系统进行主应力迹线的绘制,提高了主应力迹线绘制的准确性.     

基于动态光弹性方法的冲击载荷作用下自由边界主应力研究

当物体在冲击载荷作用下,物体内部会产生应力波,研究应力波的传播过程及规律对研究物体受冲击载荷作用具有重大的意义.应力波在物体内传播时,在自由边界处产生的主应力状态对于理论求解和计算有着重要意义.采用动态光弹性方法,结合新型动光弹系统及相关实验设备采集物体在冲击载荷作用下的等倾线和等差线条纹图,通过分析等倾线的条纹,得出等倾线与自由边界相交所成角度不为0°或909,得出在物体自由边界处两个主应力均存在且不为零的结论.针对上述结果,采用电测方法进行验证,两试验结果相符合,方案可行且准确.     

光弹性等倾线的同时全场显示方法

本文提出同时实时记录对应于两个或两个以上主应力方向角的等倾线方法，改变了每次只能测绘一条等倾线的传统方法，不仅极大地缩短了等倾线检测时间，而且提高了检测精度。     

根据主应力和函数解答弹性力学平面问题

应力光图和等倾线图是光测弹性力学求解平面问题的两个基本数据。在实验资料可靠的情况下,计算结果精度一般是能满足实用要求的。但在很多情况下,模型的等倾线常常不易准确描绘出来,因而给计算带来较大误差。近 ...     

提取等倾线的数字图象处理法

本文详细介绍了应用数字图象处理技术进行图象相除和图象相减,获取没有等色线干扰的、精确定位的和倍增信息的等倾线的全场分析方法,并作了典型验证实验,为光测弹性力学的改革提供了途径和理论依据。     

Davidson类方法本质的研究及一个新算法

本文利用有关矩阵扰动理论,从分析Davidson类方法中子空间的扩充向量入手,对Davidson方法的本质作了较为深入的研究,分析结果较为合理地解释了有关文献中的一些数值试验现象,本文利用文献[2]所提出的精化策略对D avidson类方法进行改造,得到了一个新的算法。数值试验表明,新算法是非常有效的,同时也验证了本文对Davidson类方法的本质的研究结论。     

Shear behaviour of adhesive layers

An experimental method to determine the complete stress versus deformation relation for a thin adhesive layer loaded in shear is presented. The method is based on a classic specimen geometry; the end-notch flexure specimen. The experiments are evaluated using an inverse method. First, the variation of the energy release rate with respect to the shear deformation at the crack tip is measured during an experiment. Then the traction–deformation relation is derived using an inverse method. The theory is based on the path-independence of the J-integral and considers the effects of a flexible adhesive layer.Quasi-static experiments on three different specimen geometries are performed using a servo-hydraulic testing machine. The experiments give consistent results. This shows that the traction–deformation relation can be taken as independent of the dimensions of the adherends. Thus, the constitutive relation can be considered as a property of the adhesive layer. The deformation process at the crack tip is also monitored during the experiments by the use of a digital camera attached to a microscope.     

Free energy calculation of single molecular interaction using Jarzynski’s identity method: the case of HIV-1 protease inhibitor system

Jarzynski’ identity(JI) method was suggested a promising tool for reconstructing free energy landscape of biomolecular interactions in numerical simulations and experiments.However,JI method has not yet been well tested in complex systems such as ligand-receptor molecular pairs.In this paper,we applied a huge number of steered molecular dynamics(SMD) simulations to dissociate the protease of human immunodeficiency type I virus(HIV-1 protease) and its inhibitors.We showed that because of intrinsic complexity of the ligand-receptor system,the energy barrier predicted by JI method at high pulling rates is much higher than experimental results.However,with a slower pulling rate and fewer switch times of simulations,the predictions of JI method can approach to the experiments.These results suggested that the JI method is more appropriate for reconstructing free energy landscape using the data taken from experiments,since the pulling rates used in experiments are often much slower than those in SMD simulations.Furthermore,we showed that a higher loading stiffness can produce higher precision of calculation of energy landscape because it yields a lower mean value and narrower bandwidth of work distribution in SMD simulations.     

斜波压缩实验数据的正向Lagrange处理方法研究

提出了一种联合使用Lagrange方法和转换函数方法来处理斜波压缩实验数据的新途径，和传统的数据处理方法相比，该方法更适合处理材料的复杂力学响应并具有较好的精度，同时该方法使用过程中对样品材料参数的初猜值精度要求更低。分析了转换函数方法的可靠性和健壮性，讨论了转换函数和Lagrange方法联合在斜波压缩强度实验数据处理中的应用，获得了可靠的结果。     

一类非线性发展方程的交替分组的并行数值算法

给出了一类非线性发展方程的交替分组4点格式,并得到该方法的无条件稳定性及具有并行本性兼顾的结果。能够适合在并行计算系统上使用。文中还进行了并行计算的数值实验。     

一种微管中启动压力梯度测量方法

为了更加准确地测量低渗透多孔介质中液体流动的启动压力梯度,本文设计了一种在微管中测量启动压力梯度的方法:将静态法和稳态流动实验相结合,研究微管内的去离子水从静态到流动状态整体的压力反应. 实验结果表明:由稳态流动实验得到微管启动压力梯度,是静态法所得启动压力梯度值的14.5倍,说明在以往通过动态实验值所推得启动压力梯度数值过大. 这可以解释为在油藏工程中,实验室测得的启动压力梯度往往过大,无法向现场推广的原因. 研究表明:可以将该方法用于低渗透岩心的启动压力梯度测量实验中,更加准确的获得低渗透油藏的启动压力梯度值. 本文的研究不仅证明了微米尺度下启动压力梯度的存在,而且给出了更加准确测量启动压力梯度的方法.     

The shadowgraph method in convection experiments

The shadowgraph method is applied to thermal convection experiments and electro-hydrodynamic convection (EHC) in nematic liquid crystals. In both cases convection leads to a spatially periodic field of the refractive index causing a spatially periodic intensity modulation of parallel light passing the cell. Close to the onset of convection the temperature or director field is given by linear stability analysis. Knowing these functions the determination of their amplitudes becomes possible by means of the shadowgraph method. The method is demostrated using various examples of thermal and EHC convection experiments.     

Calculation of the Flow around a High-Pressure Turbine Blade with Cooling-Jet Injection from Slots at the Leading Edge

A fully vectorised, basically three-dimensional finite-volume multi-block method for flows with complex boundaries is applied in a stripped-down two-dimensional version for the investigation of the flow field in the leading-edge region of a high-pressure turbine blade with slot cooling-jet injection. The calculation results are compared with experiments and the numerical results of other investigators. The present method yields excellent agreement with the experiments for the isentropic Mach number distributions on the blade surface. All numerical results for the velocity field were found to be in very good agreement with each other and with experiments on the suction side, while the agreement is not as good on the pressure side.     

Method for determining relative permeabilities from data on unsteady filtration by combined physical and computer modeling

A method for determining relative permeabilities from data on unsteady filtration is proposed based on analytical solution of the inverse problem of filtration in the Buckley-Leverett approximation (Johnson-Bossler-Naumann method), verification of the results by numerical solution of the direct problem, and developing recommendations for changing the filtration conditions in subsequent experiments. It is shown that to improve the agreement between natural phase permeabilities and those obtained under laboratory conditions, it is advisable to combine physical and numerical experiments.     

带窗口准等熵压缩实验的流场反演技术

在一维拉格朗日平面准等熵压缩流体力学的基础上,建立了带窗口准等熵压缩实验流场反演方法,给出了界面处压力历史的求法,编制了实现流场反演技术的程序,并与一般流体力学计算进行了比较;对Z575号实验给出的界面速度历史进行了反演计算,给出了的Al 6061-T6等熵压缩线。