乙酰苯胺衍生物的~1H和~(13)C NMR谱的研究

本文测定了10个乙酰苯胺衍生物的~1H,~(13)C NMR谱,采用质子自旋去偶,质子选择去偶,质子偏共振去偶,质子去偶的~(13)C DEPT和选择INEPT等技术对其谱线进行归属。系统地研究了围绕羰基碳氮键的受阻旋转,确认了该类化合物在溶液中存在E和Z型构象体,并探讨了各种取代基对形成异构体比例的影响。     

乙酰苯胺衍生物的^1H和^1^3C NMR 谱的研究

本文测定了10个乙酰苯胺衍生物的^1H, ^1^3C NMR谱, 采用质子自旋去偶, 质子选择去偶, 质子偏共振去偶, 质子去偶的^1^3C DEPT和选择INEPT等技术对其谱线进行归属。系统地研究了围绕羰基碳氮键的受阻旋转, 确认了该类化合物在溶液中存在E和Z型构象体, 并探讨了各种取代基对形成异构体比例的影响。     

相敏远程碳-氢相关技术在季碳归属中的应用

基于作者的二维相敏INEPT（insensitive nuclei enhanced by polarization transfer）实验,提出了相敏模式的远程碳－氢相关实验,称为相敏COLOC（heteronuclear correlation via logn-range couplings）实验,改善了远程碳－氢相关（COLOC）谱的分辨率。相敏COLOC实验可用于测定远程碳－氢相关信息,对季碳化学位移的归属具有一定的意义。作者给出了头孢呋辛钠的相敏COLOC谱。     

选择性INEPT在海洋天然产物结构研究中的应用

本文介绍一种灵敏度高, 实验容易建立的一维NMR技术, 用于检测远程的C-H偶合(^2Jch和^3Jch), 这种技术称为选择性INEPT(下称SINEPT)。是常规INEPT实验的改进。它能使磁化转移从某一指定的质子到与之有远程标量偶合的核上(如^1^3C或^1^5N), 因而可以有效地确定远程的 C-H 偶合, 其敏感性与常规的INEPT实验相当。SINEPT 技术已广泛应用于有机化合物的结构解析中, 尤其是在天然产物的结构确证和^1^3C的指定中起了相当重要的作用。     

~(13)C-NMR对油脂的定量测定

本工作用外加驰豫试剂及反转门控去偶方式对菜籽油和“营养”油进行了~(13)C-NMR谱的定量测定。在归属各峰基础上,认为该两油脂都以甘油酯形式存在。提出了①多烯类结合脂肪酸占烯类总量的摩尔分数P;②烯碳数与饱和碳数之比R;③包括同种油脂及不同油脂间的油脂分子各类功能团的相对含量的测定计算表达式。     

极化转移(INEPT)和自旋回波FT(SEFT)系列实验辨认CH_n信号

在~(13)CNMR中,通常用宽带去偶谱与偏共振比较的方法来辨认CH_n类型。当样品中碳的数目很多或者局部碳信号密集时,上述方法就会遇到困难,即使多次改变偏共振条件,仍然不能分辨。最近,我们利用INEPT(InsensitiveNuclei Enhanced by Polarization Transfer)提高不灵敏核的技术和SEFT(Spin Echo FourierTransform)的技术,解决了过去悬而未决的问题,并对各种可能遇到的复杂情况作了分析,     

几种芴衍生物(有机材料增感剂)的13C核磁共振研究

利用FX-60Q脉冲付里叶变换核磁共振波谱仪(磁场强度为14093高斯,观察频率为15.04MH_z)测定了四种劳衍生物的非去偶谱、偏共振谱和质子完全去偶谱。借助于偏共振技术、质子噪声(宽带)去偶、取代基化学位移加合规则以及模式化合物比较,确定了各峰的化学位移和一键、二键及三键偶合常数。实验结果表明,用化学位移和偶合常数的值除帮助识别各峰的归属外,还能推断未知化合物的碳键状态及取代基电负性的大小,对鉴别化合物结构可提供有用的线索。     

1-碘-2-锂-邻碳硼烷与环戊二烯衍生物的类Diels-Alder反应的理论研究

运用密度泛函理论的B3LYP方法对1-碘-2-锂-邻碳硼烷与亚甲基环戊二烯衍生物的类Diels-Alder反应进行了理论研究.计算结果显示：1-碘-2-锂-邻碳硼烷与亚甲基环戊二烯衍生物的类Diels-Alder反应为分步过程,需要依次经过脱LiI形成碳硼炔、碳硼炔与亚甲基环戊二烯成键、碳硼烷基1,2-σ迁移和成环四个过程才能形成与Diels-Alder反应形式相同的产物.其中碳硼烷基的1,2-σ迁移过程为整个反应的决速步,在353 K的实验条件下需要越过28.3 kcal•mol^-1的自由能垒才能形成相应的碳硼烷基降冰片烯衍生物,理论预测的反应速率与实验结果较好吻合.自然键轨道理论（NBO）分析结果显示：该反应与正常电子需求的Diels-Alder反应（NEDDA）具有相似的电子结构特征.文中还对反应底物的取代基效应进行了讨论,并得到了与实验数据基本一致的结果.     

测试温度对聚苯基缩水甘油醚的~(13)C-核磁共振谱的影响

^13C核磁共振谱（^13C－NMR）的化学位移对碳核所处的化学环境十分敏感,因此它是表征聚合物立构规整度的有效手段,常规^13C-NMR谱为质子噪声去偶谱,因各种碳核驰豫速率不同,谱线强度与碳原子数不成正比,为了使谱线强度与碳原子数成正比,以达到定量分析的目的,加大脉冲间隔是一种有效的方法。     

用~1H-和~(13)C-NMR方法研究聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯/聚一氧基苯甲酸酯共聚酯的序列分布

测定了PET/30PHB和PET/60PHB共聚酯的高分辨~1H和~(13)C谱,并采用INEPT方法和部分弛豫FT技术确定了季碳吸收峰,对NMR谱进行了归属.应用我们先前提出的方法对共聚酯的序列分布进行了表征.结果表明,两种共聚酯的无规度B_q值均小于1,序列分布不象Jackson等认为的那样为完全无规的.此外,文中还指出,某些研究者套用Flory公式判别PET/PHB共聚酯是否为无规的不妥之处.     

Multi-frequency improved constant amplitude pulses for broadband inversion

Optimization of constant amplitude broadband inversion pulses for maximum inversion over a range of multiple fields yields more regular pulses with better tolerance to B(1) errors than those optimized for a single field. These multi-frequency improved constant amplitude (MICA) pulses as constructed for (13)C broadband inversion give best results for HMQC and especially HSQC type experiments. Most of the advantages of MICA pulses versus other inversion pulses in these experiments can be attributed to their relatively short durations. Linearly truncated versions of these pulses do not offer any advantage over MICA pulses for these applications. MICA inversion pulses can also be used for decoupling and a (13)C decoupling example gives twice the decoupling bandwidth as the GARP1 sequence at the same power level with no appreciable increase in decoupling sidebands.     

Pseudomultidimensional NMR by spin-state selective off-resonance decoupling

An alternate technique for accurately monitoring the chemical shift in multidimensional NMR experiments using spin-state selective off-resonance decoupling is presented here. By applying off-resonance decoupling on spin S during acquisition of spin I, we scaled the scalar coupling J(I,S) between the spins, and the residual scalar coupling turns out to be a function of the chemical shift of spin S. Thus, the chemical shift information of spin S is indirectly retained, without an additional evolution period and the accompanying polarization transfer elements. The detection of the components of the doublet using spin-state selection enables an accurate measurement of the residual scalar coupling and a precise value for the chemical shift, concomitantly. The spin-state selection further yields two subspectra comprising either one of the two components of the doublet and thereby avoiding the overlap problems that arise from off-resonance decoupling. In general, spin-state selective off-resonance decoupling can be incorporated into any pulse sequence. Here, the concept of spin-state selective off-resonance decoupling is applied to 3D (13)C or (15)N-resolved [(1)H,(1)H]-NOESY experiments, adding the chemical shift of the heavy atom attached to the hydrogen ((13)C or (15)N nuclei) with high resolution resulting in a pseudo-4D. These pseudo-4D heavy-atom resolved [(1)H, (1)H]-NOESY experiments contain chemical shift information comparable to that of 4D (13)C or (15)N-resolved [(1)H,(1)H]-NOESY, but with an increase in chemical shift resolution by 1-2 orders of magnitude.     

Studies of organically functionalized mesoporous silicas using heteronuclear solid-state correlation NMR spectroscopy under fast magic angle spinning

Highly resolved solid-state HETCOR NMR spectra between protons and low gamma nuclei ((13)C and (29)Si) can be suitably obtained on surfaces using a "brute force" (1)H-(1)H decoupling by MAS at rates > or =40 kHz. Despite a small rotor volume (<10 microL), a (1)H-(13)C HETCOR spectrum of allyl groups (AL, -CH(2)-CH=CH(2)) covalently anchored to the surface of MCM-41 silica was acquired without using isotope enrichment. The advantages of using fast MAS in such studies include easy setup, robustness, and the opportunity of using low RF power for decoupling. In the case of the (1)H-(29)Si HETCOR experiment, the sensitivity can be dramatically increased, in some samples by more than 1 order of magnitude, through implementing into the pulse sequence a Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill train of pi pulses at the (29)Si spin frequency. The use of low-power heteronuclear decoupling is essential in the (1)H-(29)Si CPMG-HETCOR experiment, due to unusually long acquisition periods. These methods provided detailed structural characterization of the surface of AL-MCM mesoporous silica.     

Nuclear magnetic 13C?19F double resonance: Fluorine broad band decoupling

The feasibility of broad band fluorine decoupling for ¹³C NMR spectroscopy, employing a new composite pulse sequence, is shown. The application of this sequence allows the decoupling of fluorine nuclei over almost the total range of chemical shifts in fluoroorganic compounds, at magnetic fields of up to 2.3 T, without extensive demands on the decoupler power amplifier. The range of expected chemical shifts of fluorine bonded to carbons is briefly discussed.     

Heteronuclear two-bond correlation: suppressing heteronuclear three-bond or higher NMR correlations while enhancing two-bond correlations even for vanishing 2J(CH)

A novel two-dimensional NMR pulse sequence, H2BC, for long-range correlation of 1H and 13C nuclei is presented. The experiment has several attractive features compared to the widely used HMBC experiment, for example, (a) typically strong enhancement of correlations over two bonds while suppressing those over more bonds, that is, resolving ambiguities in standard HMBC spectra and showing two-bond correlations not present in HMBC spectra, (b) independence of long-range 1H-13C coupling constants, (c) full homo- and heteronuclear decoupling in the indirect dimension and heteronuclear decoupling in the acquisition dimension, (d) pure 2D absorption peak shapes, and (e) a pulse sequence duration significantly shorter than that of HMBC. The experiment is quite complementary to HMBC and does not effect correlations to quaternary carbons that must be obtained by HMBC.     

光谱法分析乙丙共聚物的序列结构及链节比

用FTIR, 1 H NMR和 13 C NMR分析乙丙共聚物的序列结构与链节比. 通过对乙丙共聚物 1 H NMR, 13 C NMR和 13 C-1 H二维核磁共振谱的综合分析, 提出了与前人不同的归属, 并提出了不同位置碳原子积分面积相关性分析方法, 该方法避免了烦琐的理论计算, 可简便地得到乙丙共聚物的主要序列结构. 通过比较 1 H NMR和 13 C NMR计算乙丙共聚物中乙烯、 丙烯链节比, 表明可以用 1 H NMR代替 13 C NMR完成对乙丙共聚物中乙烯、 丙烯链节比的定量计算.     

Heteronuclear dipolar decoupling in liquid‐crystal NMR using supercycled SWf‐TPPM sequences

Heteronuclear dipolar decoupling is an essential requirement for extracting structural information from the ¹³C NMR spectra of liquid crystals. Efficient schemes for heteronuclear dipolar decoupling in such systems are formulated here by supercycling SW_f‐TPPM, a sequence introduced recently for this purpose in rotating solids. These sequences are compared with two other commonly used decoupling schemes in liquid‐crystal NMR, SPINAL‐64 and SW_f‐TPPM, by analyzing the intensities of various resonances in the proton decoupled ¹³C spectrum of the liquid‐crystal 4‐n‐pentyl‐4′‐cyanobiphenyl (5CB). The effectiveness of the decoupling programs with respect to experimental parameters such as RF field strength, decoupler offset frequency and phase angle is also presented. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Broadband homonuclear correlation spectroscopy at high magnetic fields and MAS frequencies

We present a new homonuclear recoupling sequence, CMAR, that allows observation of 2D 13C-13C correlation spectra at high magnetic fields and MAS frequencies (10-30 kHz). The main advantages of the sequence are that it provides efficient, broadband dipolar recoupling and concurrently decouples the 1H spins from the 13C's. Thus, no additional 1H decoupling is required during the mixing period, thereby significantly reducing the radio frequency power requirements for the experiment. Thus, CMAR significantly extends the range of applicability of the usual homonuclear recoupling techniques and should be of major interest for structure determinations of biomolecules at high magnetic fields.     

Elimination of 13Calpha splitting in protein NMR spectra by deconvolution with maximum entropy reconstruction

Homonuclear 13C-13C couplings can significantly reduce the sensitivity and resolution of multidimensional NMR experiments. The most important of these couplings is the 13Calpha-13Cbeta coupling, and several different methods have been developed to eliminate its effect from spectra used for backbone assignment, including short or constant-time evolution periods, selectively labeled amino acids, and multiple-band decoupling sequences. In this communication we show that postacquisition deconvolution of the spectra with a maximum entropy algorithm can be superior to experimental decoupling. The method is very robust, does not introduce shifts of the resonance positions, and simplifies the measurement of the most important NMR experiments for protein backbone assignment.     

Radio frequency-driven recoupling at high magic-angle spinning frequencies: homonuclear recoupling sans heteronuclear decoupling

We describe solid-state NMR homonuclear recoupling experiments at high magic-angle spinning (MAS) frequencies using the radio frequency-driven recoupling (RFDR) scheme. The effect of heteronuclear decoupling interference during RFDR recoupling at high spinning frequencies is investigated experimentally and via numerical simulations, resulting in the identification of optimal decoupling conditions. The effects of MAS frequency, RF field amplitude, bandwidth, and chemical shift offsets are examined. Most significantly, it is shown that broadband homonuclear correlation spectra can be efficiently obtained using RFDR without decoupling during the mixing period in fully protonated samples, thus considerably reducing the rf power requirements for acquisition of (13)C-(13)C correlation spectra. The utility of RFDR sans decoupling is demonstrated with broadband correlation spectra of a peptide and a model protein at high MAS frequencies and high magnetic field.