Comparative investigation of the molecular structures of the species-specific proteins of the seeds ofGossypium hirsutum andG. barbadense

The N-terminal amino acids and the amino acid compositions of four species-specific proteins of two species of the cotton plant —Gossypium hirsutum andG. barbadense — have been determined. Peptide maps of tryptic hydrolysates of these proteins have been obtained and compared. Individual tryptic peptides have been isolated and purified. The N-ends, amino acid compositions, and amino acid sequences of individual peptides have been determined. The N-terminal sections of the proteins ofG. hirsutum andG. barbadense as far as the 16th amino acid residue have been sequenced. A comparative analysis has been made of the peptides and proteins of these cottonplant species.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, fax (3712) 40 64 75. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 858–864, November–December, 1997.     

Investigation of the dioxane lignin of the cotton plant

Summary 1. The dioxane lignins of the stems of cotton plants in the early vegetation period, DLA-I, and in the flowering period, DLA-II, have been investigated. Their developed semiempirical formulas have been established by elementary and functional-group analyses.2. The amounts of catechol structural units in cotton-plant dioxane lignins have been determined for the first time.3. The molecular-weight distribution of the dioxane lignins has been studied and it has been shown that they have high molecular weights (22,000–23,500).Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 80–83, January–February, 1976.     

Lipids of the fruit of Pyrus communis

The compositions of the various groups of liposoluble compounds in the peel and flesh of the fruitPyrus communis of the varieties Williams and Bere Ardanpon have been established and their amounts have been determined by chromatographic and chemical methods. The qualitative compositions have been shown to be identical and characteristic quantitative differences have been found in the lipids of individual elements of these pairs. The fatty acid compositions of the lipids have been studied.M. V. Lomonosov Technological Institute of the Food Industry, Odessa, Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 175–180, March–April, 1989.     

Isolation of the phospholipids of the cotton plant and their composition

Summary The yields of the free and bound lipids of the seed kernels of cotton plants of varieties S-4727 and S-6029 have been determined by their successive treatment with selective solvent, and the total and fractional proportions of lipid phosphorus have been found.The phospholipids have been solated and their group composition has been determined; it has been established that the main components are phosphatidylcholines, phosphatidylinositols, and phosphatidylethanolamines, while polyglycerophosphatides, lysophosphatidylcholines, and unidentified polar phospholipid are present in small amounts.The fatty-acid compositions of the free and bound lipids and phospholipids have been studied.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of the Uzbek SSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 449–453, July–August, 1975.     

The chemical composition of the essential oil of the larch

Summary The essential oils of various species of larch have been separated by gas-liquid chromatography under conditions of linear temperature programming.Of the 45 compounds present in each of the essential oils, 32 components have been identified, 16 of which have not previously been found in larch essential oil.The chemical compositions of the oxygen-containing and sesquiterpene hydrocarbons of four species and one variety of larch have been studied. It has been shown that there is no quantitative difference between the compositions of the individual species of larch and only their quantitative compositions differ.Voronezh Institute of Wood Technology. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 456–462, July–August, 1976.     

Composition of the lipids and carbohydrates of the seeds ofAmaranthus caudatus

The chemical composition of the seed lipids ofAmaranthus caudatus L. has been investigated. The fatty acid compositions of the neutral lipids and of the phospho- and glycolipids have been determined. The hydrocarbon components ofA. caudatus have been identified and its alcohol-soluble carbohydrates, water-soluble polysaccharides, and pectin substances have been characterized.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, fax (3712) 40 64 75. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 797–799, November–December, 1997.     

Optimization of the elimination of lipids from the microalgaChlorella vulgaris

Summary Using the microalgaChlorella vulgaris as an example, the possibility has been shown of eliminating the lipids and pigments by oxidizing it with hydrogen peroxide without changing the compositions of the protein-carbohydrate complex. The influence of the conditions of performing the oxidation of theChlorella biomass have been studied and it has been described mathematically. The optimum conditions for eliminating the lipids and pigments have been found and the general chemical properties of the protein product isolated have been determined.N. D. Barabash took part in the work.Siberian Technological Institute, Krasnoyarsk. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 426–430, July–August, 1976.     

A study of the phospholipids of kenaf

Summary The fatty-acid composition of the combined phospholipids and also of the main and two minor components of the phospholipids have been studied. On the basis of the results of acid hydrolysis and also IR spectroscopy, the glycerophospholipid structure of the main components of the total material has been confirmed. These main components have been subjected to enzymatic hydrolysis: the position distribution of the fatty acids have been determined and, from these, the possible diglyceride compositions of the phosphatidylcholines, phosphatidylethanolamines, and phosphatidylinositols have been calculated. It has been shown that the phospholipids are accompanied by 35–40% of carbohydrates which have been characterized qualitatively as disaccharides.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 3, pp. 289–293, May–June, 1976.     

A DFT study of the ground state of the N3 radical

The X² Π_g ground state of the N₃ radical has been studied by means of the DFT approach with inclusion of nonlocal (gradient) terms. Many different Gaussian basis sets of increasing quality, from small split-shell type up to the TZPP class, have been used. For each of the basis sets, the experimentally known linear symmetric conformation has been optimized using the analytical gradient technique and the vibrational fundamentals have been calculated in the harmonic approximation using the numerical Hessian. For comparison, the standard UHF-type calculations have also been performed. Despite the fact that the Kohn-Sham equations have been resolved in the spin- and symmetryunrestricted manner, the nonlocal version of DFT is able to describe correctly the geometric properties and vibrational spectrum of this open-shell degenerate state, provided that a good quality polarized basis set is used. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

Effect of the Porphyrin Structure on the Kinetics of Complex Formation with Zinc Dipyrromethene in Dimethylformamide

The kinetics of complex formation of zinc dipyrromethene with tetraphenylporphyrin, octaethylporphyrin, and 5,15-dipentyl-2,3,7,8,12,13,17,18-octamethylporphine at 368–420 K have been studied. The kinetic parameters (k _app, k _v) of the complex formation processes have been determined. The porphyrin molecules have been optimized by the PM3 quantum-chemical method, and their geometric characteristics have been obtained. The effect of the structure and macrocycle strain of porphyrins on the complex formation rate is discussed.     

A study of the lignin of the cotton plant of the subspeciesmexicanium

p-Hydroxybenzoic, vanillic, ferulic, and syringic acids, and also p-hydroxybenzalde-hyde and vanillin, have been found in an ethanol-benzene extract of the stems of cotton plants of the subspeciesmexicanium. The dioxane lignin (DLA) has been isolated by Pepper's method, the semiempirical formula of its phenylpropane structural unit and its molecular-mass distribution have been established, and its UV, IR, and PMR spectra have been recorded. The DLA has a comparatively low molecular mass and a lower degree of polydispersity than the dioxane lignin of the cotton plant of variety Tashkent-1, while the amounts of functional groups in them coincide, with the exception of a lower amount of carboxy groups in the DLA.     

Terpenoids of the oleoresins ofPicea orientalis andAbies normanniana growing in the Caucasus

The terpenoid compositions of the oleoresins of the oriental spruce and of the Nordmann fir growing in the Caucasus have been studied. From the oleoresin ofPicea orientalis (L.) Link, which belongs to the sectionOmorica, 32 mono-, sesqui-, and diterpene compounds have been identified, and fromAbies nordmanniana Stev. 37 mono-, sesqui, and diterpene compounds. Together with other diterpenoids that are characteristic for the oleoresins of all species of fir, methyl dehydroabietate and methyl 15-hydroxy dehydroabietate have been found in the oleoresin of the Nordmann fir. Three new sesquiterpene hydrocarbons have been isolated.     

Study of the membrane proteins of the cotton plant using monoclonal antibodies

The total membranes from cottonplant shoots have been used as the antigenic material for obtaining monoclonal antibodies (mcABs). Eleven stable hybrids producing mcABs to components of the membrane proteins have been selected. Antibodies to various membrane fractions and to fractions of lectin-like proteins have been revealed. Structural characteristics of the carbohydrate components of cottonplant glycoproteins have been determined by cross-immunochemical analysis.A. S. Sadykov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, Fax 627071. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 83–87, January–February, 1994.     

Stereochemistry of the products of the hydrogenation of leucomisin

4-H(4-Me)-3-hetarylcoumarins modified by 1,3-benzodioxolane and 1,4-benzodioxane residues have been synthesized. The structures of the compounds obtained have been confirmed by PMR.Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 230–233, March–April, 1994.     

Polysaccharides of the cell walls of fungi pathogenic for the cotton plant

The dynamics of the secretion of polysaccharides by fungi pathogenic for the cotton plant — Verticillium dahliae and Fusarium oxysporum — have been studied. An alkaline hydrolysate of the fungal cell walls has been obtained. Total fractions of the polysaccharides have been separated on Sephadex G-50 and Acrilex P-4, and their monosaccharide compositions have been determined.Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, fax (3712) 41 71 29. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 198–201, March–April, 1995. Original article submitted October 19, 1994.     

Phytoglycolipids of the grape

The qualitative and quantitative compositions of the grape and its component parts — flesh, skin, seeds — have been studied. Ten fractions have been identified, the main ones being cerebrosides and monogalactosyldiglycerides. The compositions of the fatty acids, of the sphingosine bases, of the sterols, and of the carbohydrates of the individual fraction of phytoglycolipids have been determined.Physicochemical Institute of the Academy of Sciences of the Ukrainian SSR, Odessa. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 3, pp. 296–300, May–June, 1984.     

Coumarins of three species of the genusHaplophyllum

The results are given of an investigation of three species of the genusHaplophyllum: H. villosum, H. kowalenskyi, andH. tenue, fromwhich five substances of coumarin nature have been isolated. Of them, two substances (I and II) have been identified as scopoletin and lomatin isovalerate, respectively, while suitable structures have been established for the new compounds tenuidin, villosin, and tenudiol. It has been shown that the coumarin composition of the plants changes with the growth site.     

Biosynthesis of the alkaloids ofAnabasis aphylla

The dynamics of the accumulation of free amino acids and the main alkaloids have been determined, and 15 free amino acids have been detected and identified, 11 having been determined quantitatively. The amounts of the main alkaloids have also been determined. An interrelationship of the amino acid lysine with the alkaloids has been shown. The interconversion of pachycarpine into aphylline and aphyllidine with the formation of a lactam group has been demonstrated experimentally.V. I. Lenin Tashkent State University. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 56–60, January–February, 1980.     

Electrophoretic investigation of the seed proteins of the cotton plantGossypium hirsutum

The proteins of the buffer-soluble fraction of the seeds of cotton plants of the speciesGossypium hirsutum, wild and ruderal varieties, have been investigated by electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gel and have been subdivided into two classes. Characteristic components have been detected in the protein spectra of these samples. In diploid species of the cotton plant, in addition to characteristic protein components, individual components are also observed.Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 736–738, September–October, 1995. Original article submitted November 21, 1994.