Eine Ringschlußreaktion zu Derivaten der β-{Benzo[b]thienyl(3)}-propionsäure

Zusammenfassung Acylierung von p-Methylthioanisol mit Bernsteinsäureanhydrid ergab -(2-Methylthio-5-methyl-phenyl)--oxo-buttersäure, welche mit Chloressigsäure zu -{2-Carboxy-5-methylbenzo[b]thienyl-(3)}-propionsäure ringgeschlossen wurde.Partielle Decarboxylierung lieferte -{5-Methyl-benzo[b]-thienyl-(3)}-propionsäure.Acylation of p-methylthioanisole by succinic acid anhydride gave -(2-methylthio-5-methyl-phenyl)--oxo-butyric acid, which reacted with chloroacetic acid to give -{2-carboxy-5-methyl-benzo[b]thienyl-(3)}-propionic acid.Partial decarboxylation yielded -{5-methyl-benzo[b]thienyl-(3)}-propionic acid.Herrn Prof.L. Schmid mit besten Wünschen zum 70. Geburtstag gewidmet.     

Ringschlußreaktionen zu methoxysubstituierten Benzo[b]thiophen-3-essigsäuren

Zusammenfassung 5,6-Dimethoxy-benzo[b]thiophen-3-essigsäure und 5,6,7-Trimethoxy-benzo[b]thiophen-3-essigsäure wurden durch Cyclisierung der entsprechend methoxysubstituierten -(Phenylthio)-acetessigester und anschließende Hydrolyse der Ester erhalten. Die Herstellung von Ausgangsmaterialien wird beschrieben.Im Falle des -(p-Methoxyphenylthio)-acetessigesters konnte keine 5-Methoxy-benzo[b]thiophen-3-essigsäure erhalten werden; ein Nebenprodukt dieser Reaktion wurde untersucht.

---

5,6-Dimethoxy-benzo[b]thiophene-3-acetic acid and 5,6,7-trimethoxy-benzo[b]thiophene-3-acetic acid were synthesized by cyclization of the corresponding methoxy-substituted -(phenylthio)-acetoacetates, followed by hydrolysis of the esters. The preparation of starting materials is described.In the case of -(p-methoxyphenylthio)-acetoacetate no 5-methoxy-benzo[b]thiophene-3-acetic acid could be obtained; a by-product of this reaction was studied.

---

---

Mit 3 Abbildungen     

3-Aminoalkyl-5-methyl-benzo[b]thiophene

Zusammenfassung Ausgehend von -[5-Methyl-benzo[b]thienyl-(3)]-propionsäure wurde eine Reihe von 5-Methyl-benzo[b]thiophenen mit einer Aminoalkylsubstitution in 3-Stellung dargestellt: 3-(-Aminoäthyl)-5-methyl-benzo[b]thiophen durchCurtius-Abbau des Azids und 3-(-Aminopropyl)-5-methyl-benzo[b]thiophen sowie N-Substitutionsprodukte davon durch LiAlH₄-Reduktion der entsprechenden Amide.

---

5-Methyl-benzo[b]thiophenes having an aminoalkyl substituent in position 3 were prepared from -[5-methyl-benzo[b]-thienyl-(3)]-propionic acid: 3-(-aminoethyl)-5-methyl-benzo[b]-thiophene byCurtius rearrangement of the azide, and 3-(-aminopropyl)-5-methyl-benzo[b]thiophene as well as some of its N-derivatives by reduction of the corresponding amides with LiAlH₄.

     

N-Substituierte 6-Methoxy-benzo [b] thienyl-(3)-alkylamine

Zusammenfassung Umsetzung von 6-Methoxy-benzo[b]thienyl-(3)-essigsäurechlorid mit sekundären Aminen gab die entsprechenden Amide; ein entsprechendes Propionylpiperazid wurde durchArndt-Eistert-Reaktion hergestellt. Alle Amide wurden mittels LiAlH₄ zu den Titelverbindungen reduziert. Die als Ausgangsmaterial verwendete 6-Methoxy-benzo[b]thienyl-(3)-essigsäure wurde durch Cyclisierung von -(3-Methoxy-phenylthio)-acetessigester und anschlie\ende Hydrolyse dargestellt.

---

Reaction of 6-methoxy-benzo[b]thienyl-(3)-acetic acid chloride with secondary amines gave the corresponding amides; a corresponding propionyl piperazide was prepared byArndt-Eistert reaction. All amides were reduced by LiAlH₄ to the title substances. The 6-methoxy-benzo[b]thienyl-(3)-acetic acid used as starting material was synthesized by cyclization of ethyl -(3-methoxy-phenylthio)-acetoacetate, followed by hydrolysis.

---

---

A-1060 Wien, Getreidemarkt 9.     

Synthesis of 2-(β-Hetarylaminoethyl)-3,5,6-trichloro-1,4-benzoquinones

4,6,7-Trichloro-2-hetarylamino-5-hydroxy-2,3-dihydrobenzo[b]furans have been prepared from 4,6,7-trichloro-2,5-dihydroxy-2,3-dihydrobenzo[b]furan and hetarylamines. Reductive opening of the dihydrobenzofuran ring in these compounds gave 3,5,6-trichloro-2-(-hetarylaminoethyl)hydroquinones. The latter could be oxidised to the target 3,5,6-trichloro-2-(-hetarylaminoethyl)-1,4-benzoquinones which are novel 1,4-benzoquinone derivatives with intramolecular charge transfer.     

Trans-cis Photoisomerization of 1-Methyl-4-(4′-hydroxystyryl)pyridinium in inclusion complexes ofβ-cyclodextrin and its derivatives

The effects of -cyclodextrin (-CyD), heptakis(2,6-di-O-methyl)--cyclodextrin (DMCyD) and heptakis(2,3,6-tri-O-methyl)--cyclodextrin (TMCyD) ontrans-cis photoisomerization of 1-ethyl-4-(4-hydroxystyryl)pyridinium (POH) have been studied in aqueous solutions. The ratio of [cis]/[trans] for POH in the photostationary state at pH 8.54 was remarkably reduced by the presence of CyD or DMCyD. The reduction of the [cis]/[trans] ratio in the photostationary state was explained in terms of the shift of the equilibrium of POH ₊ ^trans PO _trans + H^– toward PO _trans formation. The binding constants of CyD and DMCyD for PO _trans were 2.00- and 1.36-fold larger than those for POH ₊ ^trans , respectively. The binding constants of TMCyD for both species are much smaller than those of CyD and DMCyD. This result indicates that PO _trans , which has a betain structure, forms stable complexes with CyD and DMCyD with its hydrophobic parts inside and the charged parts outside the CyD cavities.     

Preparation and stereochemical characterization of some N-acyl-[1]benzopyrano[3,4-c]pyrazole derivatives from rotenoids

Summary Several new N-acyl derivatives of 1-(4-hydroxy-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-5-yl)-7,8-di methoxy-1,9 b,2,3,3 a,4-hexahydro-[1]benzopyrano[3,4-c]pyrazole-1-ene have been prepared by appropriate chemical transformation of isohydrazones of rotenone and amorphigenin. A study of their¹H- and¹³C-NMR spectra confirmed the presence of the twocis 3a, 9b, 2 and 3a, 9b, 2 diastereomers in the parent isohydrazones and revealed the strong predominance of the conformers withendo orientation of the 3-NAc group. The conformations due to rotation about the 1,5-bond between rings C and D in the 4-OH and 4-O-substituted compounds were also determined by taking into account the anisotropic effect of aromatic rings A and D, and the hydrogen bond between 4-OH and the 2-N atom, as well as by inspecting the Dreiding models.

---

Darstellung und stereochemische Charakterisierung einiger N-Acyl-[1]benzopyrano[3,4-c]pyrazol-Derivate von Rotenoiden

Zusammenfassung Mittels geeigneter chemischer Transformationen von Isohydrazonen von Rotenon und Amorphigenin wurden einige neue N-Acyl-Derivate von 1-(4-Hydroxy-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-5-yl)-7,8-dimethoxy-1,9 b,2,3,3 a,4-hexahydro-[1]benzopyrano[3,4-c]pyrazol-1-en hergestellt. Eine Untersuchung ihrer¹H und¹³C-NMR-Spektren zeigt die Gegenwart von zweicis 3a, 9b, 2- und 3a, 9b, 2-Diastereomeren in den Ausgangs-Isohydrazonen und eine starke Bevorzugung der Konformeren mitendo-Orientierung der 3-NAc-Gruppe. Die Konformationen bezüglich der Rotation um die 1,5-Bindung zwischen Ring C und D werden für die 4-OH und 4-O-substituierten Verbindungen unter Berücksichtigung von Anisotropie-Effekten der aromatischen A- und D-Ringe, der Wasserstoffbrücken zwischen 4-OH und dem 2-N Atom und auch der Betrachtung der entspechenden Dreiding-Modelle diskutiert.

     

Radiation-induced reactions of cholesterol in an aqueous medium

⁶⁰Co -ray radiolysis of cholesterol /3-hydroxy-5-cholestene/ /I/ in the two-phase system /water-ethyl acetate/ and in the presence of air has been studied using TLC and GC methods. The following products were observed in the irradiated mixture: 3, 7-dihydroxy-5-cholestene /II/, G O. 36, 3-hydroxy-7-keto-5-cholestene /III/, G 1.48, 3-hydroxy-7-keto-5-cholestane /IV/, G 0.22, 3,5,6-trihydroxy-5-cholestane /V/, G 0.83, 5,6-epoxy-3-hydroxy-5-cholestane /VIa/, G 0.26, 5,6-epoxy-3-hydroxy-5-cholestane /VIb/, G 0.24, and 2, 3-dihydroxy-5-cholestene /VII/, G 0.22. The dose dependence of the formation of these products shows that the cholesterol derivatives substituted in the position 7 /II–IV/ are formed from a common precursor — the radical Ia. On the other hand, the products of the 5–C=C double bond reactions /V and VI/ are formed independently. Also the product VII is formed independently. A reaction scheme that is in agreement with these results is proposed.     

Steroid saponins X. Glycosides of Allium narcissiflorum the structure of glycosides A and B

Summary FromAllium narcissiflorum Wells have been isolated for the first time trillin and a glycoside B, which proved to be 3-O-[-O-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 3)-O--D-glucopyranosyl-(1 6)-O--D-glucopyranosyl-(1 ]-26-O-[-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 ]-25R-furost-5-ene-3,22 , 26-triol.Institute of Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Moldavian SSR, Kishinev. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 55–58, January–February, 1976.     

Reaction of Epichlorohydrin with 2-Aminobenzothiazole and Its Derivatives

We have shown that 2-aminobenzothiazoles when reacted with epichlorohydrin form 3-hydroxytetrahydropyrimido[2,1-b]benzothiazolium chlorides, while 2-iminobenzothiazolines form 2-(-chloro--hydroxypropyl)iminobenzothiazolines.     

Synthesis of tetra- and pentacarbocyanine dyes with alkoxy groups in the β,β′ positions of the polymethine chain

Previously unknown symmetrical and unsymmetrical , '-dialkoxytetracarbocyanine and , '-dialkoxypentacarbocyanine dyes have been synthesized by the condensation of -alkoxy-substituted hexamethine and octamethine hemicyanines with quaternary salts of -alkoxypropenyl derivatives of heterocyclic bases. Tetracarbocyanines with a symmetrical structure have also been obtained by the direct interaction of quaternary salts of -alkoxypropenyl derivatives of heterocyclic bases with malonaldehyde dianil.     

Some Pharmaceutical Properties of a New Branched Cyclodextrin, 6-O-α-(4-O- α-D-Glucuronyl)-D-glucosylβ-cyclodextrin

Some physicochemical and biological properties of a new branched cyclodextrin, 6-O--(4-O--d-glucuronyl)-d-glucosyl--cyclodextrin GUG--CyD) were investigated. Further, theinteraction of GUG--CyD with several drugs was studied by the solubility and spectroscopic methods, and compared with those of parent -CyD and 6-O--maltosyl--CyD(₂--CyD).The hemolytic activity of GUG--CyD on rabbit erythrocytes was lower than those of -CyD and ₂--CyD. GUG--CyD and ₂--CyD showed negligible cytotoxicity on Caco-2 cells up to at least 0.1 M. The inclusion ability of GUG--CyD to neutral and acidic drugs was comparable to or slightly smaller than those of -CyD and ₂--CyD, probably because of a steric hindrance of the branched sugar. On the other hand, GUG--CyD showed greater affinity for the basic drugs, compared with -CyD and ₂--CyD, owing to the electrostatic interaction of its carboxylate anion with positive charge of basic drugs. Thus GUG--CyD may be useful as a safe solubilizing agent particularly for basic drugs.     

Improved synthesis of 6-deoxy-1,2-O-isopropylidene-β-L-talofuranose and 6-deoxy-1,2-O-isopropylidene-β-L-idofuranose

Summary The key step in the preparation of 6-deoxy-1,2-O-isopropylidene--L-talofuranose (7) and 6-deoxy-1,2-O-isopropylidene--L-idofuranose (13) is the selective exchange of the 6-O-mesyl rest of 3-O-acetyl-5,6-O-dimesyl-1,2-O-isopropylidene--D-allofuranose (4) and 3-O-acetyl-5,6-O-dimesyl-1,2-O-isopropylidene--D-glucofuranose (10) by acetate group (potassium acetate/18-crown-6).

---

Ein neuartiger und präparativ nützlicher Zugang zu 6-Desoxy-1,2-O-isopropyliden--L-talofuranose und 6-Desoxy-1,2-O-isopropyliden--L-idofuranose

Zusammenfassung Schlüsselschritt bei der Herstellung von 6-Desoxy-1,2-O-isopropyliden--L-talofuranose (7) und 6-Desoxy-1,2-O-isopropyliden--L-idofuranose (13) ist der selektive Austausch der primären Mesyl-Gruppe in 3-O-Acetyl-5,6-O-dimesyl-1,2-O-isopropyliden--D-allofuranose (4) und 3-O-Acetyl-5,6-O-dimesyl-1,2-O-isopropyliden--D-glucofuranose (10) durch den Acetat-Rest in Gegenwart von Kaliumacetat/Kronen-Ether.

     

Triterpene glycosides from Pulsatilla chinensis

Four triterpene glycosides were isolated from the roots of Pulsatilla chinensis (Bunge) Regel (Ranunculaceae). Two new glycosides, chinensiosides A (1a) and B (2), were identified as 3-O-[-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(12)--L-arabinopyranosyl]-28-O-[-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(14)--D-glucopyranosyl-(16)--D-glucopyranosyl]-3,23-dihydroxylup-20(29)-en-28-oic acid and 3-O-{-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(12)-[-D-glucopyranosyl-(14)]--L-arabinopyranosyl}-28-O-[-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(14)--D-glucopyranosyl-(16)--D-glucopyranosyl]-3,23-dihydroxylup-20(29)-en-28-oic acid. The other two glycosides were identified as previously known hederasaponin C (3) from Hedera helix and glycoside III (4) from Pulsatilla cernua.     

Crystal Structure Study of the Metastable β-modification of Glycine and its Transformation into the α-modification

Crystal structure refinement was performed of the metastable modification of glycine (space gr. P2₁, a = 5.092(2) , b = 6.273(3) , c = 5.384(3), = 113.17(4)°, Z = 2, R = 0.0274). The crystals were obtained by a new method (not described in the literature): they were precipitated from a water solution with the addition of glacial acetic acid. The crystal structure of the glycine modification [space gr. P2₁/n, a =5.106(1) , b = 11.979(5) , c = 5.463(2) , = 111.75(2)°:, Z =4] was refined for comparison. Transition from the to the modification in a damp atmosphere was revealed, resulting in the formation of a strongly strained crystal of a mosaic structure. The orientation of the crystallographic axes in the newly formed crystal of the modification relative to the axes in the initial crystal of the modification was determined. It is shown that as in glycine, the lengths of the intramolecular C—O bonds in the modification are fairly similar [1.248(2) and 1.253(2) ] and the previously found significant difference between them is most likely due to the errors of the photomethod. A comparative analysis of the crystal structures of the and glycine modifications (glycine zwitterion packings and structure of intermolecular hydrogen bond networks) was performed. Data of the analysis are used to discuss the properties of the glycine modifications, the possible reasons for the stability of the modification in dry air, the difficulties of crystal growth from solutions, and the ease of crystallization of the modification under various conditions.     

Secondary metabolites of Astragalus danicus Retz. and A. inopinatus Boriss.

The chemical composition of the above-ground parts of Astragalus danicus and A. inopinatus collected in the Baikal region (Eastern Siberia) was studied for the first time. From A. danicus, pentacyclic triterpene saponins were isolated and identified, viz., 3-O-(-glucuronopyranosyl)-3,22,24-trihydroxyolean-12-ene, 3-O-[O-(-d-xylopyranosyl)-(12)-(-glucuronopyranosyl)]-3,22,24-trihydroxyolean-12-ene, 3-O-[O-(-d-glucopyranosyl)-(12)-(-glucuronopyranosyl)]-3,22,24-trihydroxyolean-12-ene, 3-O-[O-(-l-rhamnopyranosyl)-(12)-O-(-d-xylopyranosyl)-(12)-(-glucuronopyranosyl)]-3,22,24-trihydroxyolean-12-ene, 3-O-[O-(-l-rhamnopyranosyl)-(12)-O-(-d-glucopyranosyl)-(12)-(-glucuronopyranosyl)]-3,22,24-trihydroxyolean-12-ene, 3-O-methyl-d-chiro-inositol, and linolenic acid. In A. inopinatus, the same saponins were identified as well as tricosan-1-ol and tetracosan-1-ol, 5,7,4"-trihydroxyflavon (apigenin), and a tetracyclic triterpenoid, 20(R),24(S)-epoxycyclolanost-9(11)-ene-3,6,16,25-tetrol (cycloastragenol). All reported compounds from the both genus of Astragalus were isolated for the first time. Methanolic extracts of A. danicusand A. inopinatus exhibited low inhibitory activity with respect to the growth of HeLa cells. The chloroform fraction of A. danicus showed a strong antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and a strong cytotoxic activity against HeLa cells.     

Inclusion Complexes of Cyclodextrins with Tetrakis(4-carboxyphenyl)porphyrin and Tetrakis(4-sulfonatophenyl)porphyrin in Aqueous Solutions

In neutral and alkaline solutions, tetrakis(4-carboxyphenyl)porphyrin (TCPP) and tetrakis(4-sulfonatophenyl)porphyrin (TSPP) form 1:1 and 2:1 host–guest inclusion complexes with -cyclodextrin (-CD), -cyclodextrin (-CD), and 6-deoxy-6-diethylamino--CD (DEA--CD), except for DEA--CD in alkaline solution. On the other hand, TCPP and TSPP form only 1:1 inclusion complexes with 6-deoxy-6-dihexylamino--CD (DHA--CD). The limited solubilities of DEA--CD in alkaline solution and DHA--CD are likely responsible for no observation of the 2:1 inclusion complex containing DEA--CD in alkaline solution and that containing DHA--CD. The equilibrium constants (Ks) of TCPP and TSPP for the formation of the inclusion complexes have been estimated from the absorption and/or fluorescence intensity changes in neutral and alkaline solutions. The K₂ values, which are the equilibrium constants for the formation of the 2:1 host–guest inclusion complex from the 1:1 inclusion complex, are about one tenth the corresponding K₁ values, except for the -CD–TSPP system in alkaline solution. In neutral solution, where DEA--CD and DHA--CD are in protonated forms, the electrostatic force operates between DEA--CD (DHA--CD) and TCPP (TSPP), leading to the greater K values than those in alkaline solution, where DEA--CD and DHA--CD exist as neutral species.     

Investigations into N-aryl-β-amino acids

1-Aryl-5,6-dihydrouracils and 1-aryl-2-thio-5,6-dihydrouracils are synthesized from N-aryl--alanines and esters of N-aryl--ureidopropionic acid. The dihydrouracils were hydrolyzed by 0.1 N alkali.     

Synthesen von 4-Amino-5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrido[3,2,1-j k]-carbazol, 1-Phenyl-4-amino-1,2,3,4-tetrahydrochinolin und deren Derivaten

Zusammenfassung Die Ringschlußreaktion von Carbazol-N-propionsäure ergab 4-Oxo-5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrido[3,2,1-j k]carbazol, dessen Oxim zur 4-Aminoverbindung reduziert wurde. Ähnlich wurden 1-Phenyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydrochinolin und einige seiner in 4-Stellung substituierten Derivate über das 1-Phenyl-4-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydrochinolin dargestellt: Reduktion gab den Grundkörper, der auch durch Entschwefelung von entsprechenden Heterocyclen erhalten wurde; Nebenreaktionen werden beschrieben. Umsetzung zum Oxim und Reduktion gab 1-Phenyl-4-amino-1,2,3,4-tetrahydrochinolin. Dieses wurde mit Acrylsäuremethylester zu 1-Phenyl-4-(-carbomethoxyäthyl-amino)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydrochinolin, mit -Propiolacton zu 1-Phenyl-4-(-hydroxypropionyl-amino)-1,2,3, 4-tetrahydrochinolin umgesetzt; beide Substanzen wurden durch LiAlH₄ zu 1-Phenyl-4-(-hydroxypropyl-amino)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydrochinolin reduziert.

---

Ring closure reaction of carbazole-N-propionic acid gave 4-oxo-5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrido[3,2,1-j k]carbazole, the oxime of which was reduced to the 4-amino compound. Similarly 1-phenyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline and some derivatives thereof (substituted in position 4) were synthesized via 1-phenyl-4-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline: reduction gave the tetrahydroquinoline, which also was synthesized by desulfuration of corresponding heterocyclic systems; by-reactions are described. Reduction of the oxime gave 1-phenyl-4-amino-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline. The latter reacted with methyl acrylate to 1-phenyl-4-(carbomethoxyethyl-amino)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline, with -propiolactone to 1-phenyl-4-(-hydroxypropionyl-amino)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline, both of which were reduced by LiAlH₄ to 1-phenyl-4-(-hydroxypropylamino)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro quinoline.

     

Thebaine Cyclopropanation

[1+2]Cycloaddition to thebaine alcaloid under catalysis by copper triflate of carbene generated from CH₂N₂ occurred stereoselectively affording 6,7-methylene-6,7-dihydrothebaine. The simultaneously proceeding 8,14-cyclopropanation and nitrogen quaternization furnished N,N-dimethyl-N-nor-8,14-methylene-8,14-dihydrothebaine triflate whose structure was established by X-ray diffraction analysis. The possibility of preparation of 14-hydroxy-6,7-methylene-8-substituted dihydrocodeine derivatives was demonstrated.