室温稳定的二维铁电材料:CulnS_2P_6及其异质结构（英文）

二维铁电材料有助于实现半导体性质与非易失存储特性在微纳尺度上的有机结合,在高集成化电子器件、光电器件、能量收集、及机电耦合系统等领域展现出巨大的应用潜力。二维铁电材料的层状结构,保证了原子层间的可剥离性,为从理论和实验上探索超薄极限下的铁电性质提供理想的研究平台。考虑到二维磁性研究的低温瓶颈,二维铁电材料为实现铁性功能材料的高温器件化与实用化提供了新途径。在本文中,我们介绍了一种室温稳定的二维铁电材料:铜铟硫代磷酸盐(CuInP_2S_6)。该材料体系的科学内涵和应用前景,引发了新的研究热潮。在本文中,关于其较高的铁电居里转变温度、显著的压电响应、巨大的负纵向压电系数、可调谐的四重势阱铁电特性、以及基于该材料及其异质结构的器件研究,均有所涉及。我们还简要介绍了几种过渡金属硫代磷酸盐化合物材料体系(M~IM~ⅢP_2(S/Se)_6)中的其他代表性材料。最后,我们关于二维铁电材料研究的未来发展方向进行了讨论。     

二维铁电体CuCrP2S6的第一性原理研究

三维铁电体材料以其众多优良的性质在许多电子行业内起着无可替代的作用,如制作铁电存储器、高能电容器等等.但随着纳米技术的日趋成熟,磁电材料逐渐受到悬空键和量子隧穿效应等负面因素的影响.因而,二维铁电材料逐渐进入科研人员的视野,它有望克服上述难题.本文利用第一性原理密度泛函理论模拟,关注了一种典型的层状金属硫磷酸盐——Cu...     

低维铁电材料研究进展

铁电材料是一类重要的功能材料,铁电元件的小型化、集成化是当今铁电材料发展的一大趋势.但是尺寸效应、表面效应等的存在制约了传统块体铁电材料在纳米尺度下的应用,因而低维度纳米材料中的铁电性能研究成为当前材料科学领域的研究热点之一.本文综述了近年来理论和实验上关于低维铁电材料的探索,包括二维范德瓦耳斯层状铁电材料、共价功能化低维铁电材料、低维钙钛矿材料、外界调控以及二维"铁电金属"等材料的理论预言与实验铁电性的观测;也提出一些物理新机制来解释低维下的铁电性;最后对该领域今后的发展进行了展望.     

多铁性BiFeO_3异质结构在多场作用下物理性质研究

多铁材料BiFeO3不但具有优越的铁电特性,同时由于电、磁、光之间的耦合作用,可以实现电场控制磁化,光照控制电学性质,是研究新型多参量耦合器件的首选材料。文章介绍了作者实验室对铁电材料BiFeO3异质结构的可反转二极管效应和电致电阻效应的研究。在理论研究方面,作者考虑了金属电极的不完全屏蔽效应,提出了极化控制界面肖特基势垒高度模型,解释了金属/铁电结构/金属的可反转二极管效应。在BiFeO3/La0.7Sr0.3MnO3铁电/铁磁异质结构实验研究方面,作者研究了BiFeO3薄膜厚度对体系电学和磁学性质的影响,实现了在光、电双场调控下研究Au/BiFeO3/La0.7Sr0.3MnO3/SrTiO3体系的光、电性质,可为以后研究多参量对器件性能的影响提供参考。     

二维材料/铁电异质结构的研究进展

二维材料是一类具有原子层厚度的层状材料,拥有独特的电学、磁学、光学和力学性能.以石墨烯和过渡金属硫族化合物为代表的二维材料展现出迁移率高、能带可调、可见光透过率高等特点,是近年来微纳科学领域的前沿热点.将二维材料与各种功能材料,如SiO_2绝缘体、半导体、金属、有机化合物等结合,可以深化和拓宽二维材料的基础研究和应用.其中,铁电材料因具有自发极化、高介电常数、高压电系数等优点吸引了众多研究者的目光.二维/铁电复合材料很好地兼顾了二者的优点,不仅包含了磁电耦合效应、铁电场效应、晶格应变效应、隧穿效应、光电效应、光致发光效应等丰富的物理现象,而且在多态存储器、隧穿晶体管、光电二极管、太阳能电池、超级电容器、热释电红外探测器等器件中有广阔的应用前景,引起了学术界的广泛关注.本文选取典型的二维/铁电复合材料,重点介绍了这类材料界面处的物理机制、材料的性能以及应用前景,并对二维/铁电复合材料的研究进行了展望.     

铁电液晶──一种新型的显示与非线性光学材料

铁电液晶作为一种显示和非线性光学材料正引起人们广泛的重视，本文详细地介绍了铁电液晶的基本性质，双折射型铁电液晶显示器件的显示原理及其表面排列技术，典型的铁电液晶材料，铁电液晶混合物的物理和化学性质，铁电液晶显示器件的进展以及铁电液晶的非线性光学效应及其应用等．     

铁电负电容场效应晶体管研究进展

铁电负电容场效应晶体管可以突破传统金属氧化物半导体场效应晶体管中的玻尔兹曼限制,将亚阈值摆幅降低到60 m V/dec以下,极大地改善了晶体管的开关电流比和短沟道效应,有效地降低了器件的功耗,为实现晶体管特征尺寸的减小和摩尔定律的延续提供了选择.本文分析总结了国内外近年来关于铁电负电容场效应晶体管代表性的研究进展,为进一步研究提供参考.首先介绍了铁电负电容场效应晶体管的研究背景及其意义;然后总结了铁电材料的基本性质和种类,并对铁电材料负电容的物理机制和铁电负电容场效应晶体管的工作原理进行了讨论;接下来从器件沟道材料维度的角度,分别总结了最近几年基于三维沟道材料和二维沟道材料且与氧化铪基铁电体结合的铁电负电容场效应晶体管的研究成果,并对器件的亚阈值摆幅、开关电流比、回滞电压和漏电流等性能的改善进行了分析概述;最后对铁电负电容场效应晶体管目前存在的问题和未来的发展方向作了总结与展望.     

稀土发光铁电薄膜的研究进展

稀土掺杂是提高光电功能材料性能的重要途径.把稀土掺杂铁电材料与稀土发光相结合,还可拓展出铁电材料的新性能,比如,选择合适的稀土元素掺入钛酸铋铁电材料,可使之在保持较好的铁电性能的同时,又显示良好的发光性能.近年来,这类在氧化物铁电材料中由于稀土离子掺杂产生光致发光特性的研究引起了人们的关注,有望研制集成发光铁电器件.本文简要介绍了稀土发光铁电材料的研究状况,重点介绍我们在稀土发光铁电薄膜方向的研究进展.我们的研究表明,稀土掺杂钛酸铋铁电薄膜同时具有较好的发光特性和铁电特性,这与其独特的成分构成和层状钙钛矿结构密切相关; Eu3+离子荧光结构探针可以为进一步研究Eu~(3+)掺杂铁电薄膜材料的结构与性能关系提供新思路;在某些铁电薄膜(如Pr离子掺杂的x(K_(1/2)Bi_(1/2))TiO_3-(1-x)(Na_(1/2)Bi_(1/2))TiO_3薄膜等)中掺入稀土离子后,稀土离子的发光可用于检测铁电薄膜中是否存在准同型相界;将ZnO纳米材料和金、银纳米颗粒与掺铕钛酸铋薄膜复合,可显著增强稀土发光.     

人工合成二维铁电金属

自从Anderson和Blount提出钙钛矿“铁电金属”以来,人们在研究其物理机制和设计新的铁电金属方面做出了很大努力。由于金属中的净电场可以被自由电子完全屏蔽,因此铁电性与金属性在体相中不能共存。然而,众多研究表明低维材料具有许多与体相材料相悖的奇异特性和新颖的量子态。研究团队提出通过施加一个强的极化场,以铁电/单层氧化物金属超晶格的形式人工合成铁电金属。这样,原子层级氧化物导电层的对称性可以被邻近的极化场打破和操纵,从而形成二维“铁电金属”。     

面向空耦电声换能器应用的高性能FEP/PTFE复合膜压电驻极体

压电驻极体(也称为铁电驻极体)是一类具有强压电效应的微孔结构驻极体材料,具有柔韧、低密度、低特性声阻抗等特征,是制备柔性空气耦合声电换能器的理想材料.针对器件对高灵敏度和高温工作环境的应用需求,本文报道高性能氟化乙丙烯/聚四氟乙烯(FEP/PTFE)复合膜压电驻极体的制备和性能表征.研究结果表明,FEP/PTFE膜的特...     

Room-temperature vertical ferroelectricity in rhenium diselenide induced by interlayer sliding

One variety of ferroelectricity that results from lateral relative movements between the adjacent atomic layers is referred to as sliding ferroelectricity, which generates an interfacial charge transfer and hence a polarization reversal. The mechanism of sliding ferroelectricity existent in van der Waals crystals is quite distinct from the conventional ferroelectric switching mechanisms mediated by ion displacement. It creates new possibilities for the design of two-dimensional (2D) ferroelectrics since it can be achieved even in non-polar systems. Before 2D ferroelectrics can be widely employed for practical implementations, however, there is still significant work to be done on several fronts, such as exploring ferroelectricity possibly in more potential 2D systems. Here, we report the experimental observation of room-temperature robust vertical ferroelectricity in layered semiconducting rhenium diselenide (ReSe₂), a representative member of the transition metal dichalcogenides material family, based on a combined research of nanoscale piezoresponse and second harmonic generation measurements. While no such ferroelectric behavior was seen in 1L ReSe₂, 2L ReSe₂ exhibits vertical ferroelectricity at ambient environment. Based on density-functional theory calculations, we deduce that the microscopic origin of ferroelectricity for ReSe₂ is uncompensated vertical charge transfer that is dependent on in-plane translation and switchable upon interlayer sliding. Our findings have important ramifications for the ongoing development of sliding ferroelectricity since the semiconducting properties and low switching barrier of ReSe₂ open up the fascinating potential for functional nanoelectronics applications.     

钙钛矿型氧化物非常规铁电研究进展

钙钛矿型氧化物因具有丰富的磁性、铁电、力学和光学等诸多功能属性,在电子信息通信材料器件领域中有广阔的应用前景.在各种物理性质之中,铁电极化因其产生机制多样,并能与磁性和晶格应变相互耦合形成多铁性等特点,近十多年来一直被作为凝聚态物理研究的国际热点问题.与以自发极化作为初级序参量的常规铁电材料不同,非常规铁电材料中的铁电极化是被其他的序参量诱导而产生的.本综述围绕无机钙钛矿型氧化物非常规铁电体的研究进展进行了总结.回顾了该体系经典唯象理论和原子尺度的微观模型,有序排列的人工钙钛矿超晶格型结构,以及稀土正铁氧体单晶的反铁磁畴壁结构中非常规铁电的极化强度大小及其诱导机制,为系统理解非常规铁电提供了理论途径.     

Introduction: Early studies in piezoelectricity,pyroelectricity, and ferroelectricity in polymers

Studies on piezoelectricity and pyroelectricity in polymers were initiated in materials of biological origin. A variety of polysaccharides, proteins and DNA were found to exhibit piezolectricity. Synthetic polymers such as polypeptides and optically-active polymers were also found to be piezoelectric. The piezolectricity and pyroelectricity in bone and tendon aroused interests in orthopaedists and led to studies on the electrical stimulation of osteogenesis. The discovery of large piezoelectricity in poled polyvinylidene fluoride opened a new field of research towards ferroelectric polymers. The Curie temperature was confirmed in the copolymers of vinylidene fluoride and trifluoroethylene. The characteristic changes of molecular conformation and associated crystalline structure were revealed at the temperature range of the phase transition. Piezoelectric and ferroelectric-like properties were found in the copolymers of vinylidenecyanide and vinylacetate, which are amorphous and transparent.     

Experimental observations of ferroelectricity in double pyrochlore Dy2Ru2O7

Double pyrochlore Dy2Ru207 is synthesized and its magnetism and ferroelectricity below the Ru4＋ spin ordering temperature （NI00 K） are investigated. The ferroelectric transition appears at -18 K, much higher than the Dy3＋ spin ordering point at -1.8 K and lower than the Ru4＋ spin ordering point at -100 K. The measured electric polarization at ,-2 K is as big as 145℃/m2 in the polycrystalline samples. It is argued that the ferroelectricity is possibly ascribed to the electric dipole ordering arising from the collective monopole excitations in the Dy3＋ tetrahedrons in prior to the Dy3＋ spin ordering into spin-ice like state below -1.8 K.     

Multiferroic properties of nanocrystalline BaTiO3

Some of the Multiferroics [H. Schmid, Ferroelectrics 162 (1994) 317] form a rare class of materials that exhibit magneto–electric coupling arising from the coexistence of ferromagnetism and ferroelectricity, with potential for many technological applications [J.F. Scott, Nat. Mater. 6 (2007) 256; N.A. Spaldin, M. Fiebig, Science 309 (2005) 391]. Over the last decade, an active research on multiferroics has resulted in the identification of a few routes that lead to multiferroicity in bulk materials [C. Ederer, N.A. Spaldin, Nat. Mater. 3 (2004) 849; D.V. Efremov, J. van den Brink, D.I. Khomskii, Nat. Mater. 3 (2004) 853; N. Hur, S. Park, P.A. Sharma, J.S. Ahn, S. Guha, S.W. Cheong, Nature 429 (2004) 392]. While ferroelectricity in a classic ferroelectric such as BaTiO₃ is expected to diminish with the reducing particle size, [C.H. Ahn, K.M. Rabe, J.M. Triscone, Science 303 (2004) 488; J. Junquera, P. Ghosez, Nature 422 (2003) 506] ferromagnetism cannot occur in its bulk form [N.A. Hill, J. Phys. Chem. B 104 (2000) 6694]. Here, we use a combination of experiment and first-principles simulations to demonstrate that multiferroic nature emerges in intermediate size nanocrystalline BaTiO₃, ferromagnetism arising from the oxygen vacancies at the surface and ferroelectricity from the core. A strong coupling between a surface polar phonon and spin is shown to result in a magnetocapacitance effect observed at room temperature, which can open up possibilities of new electro–magneto-mechanical devices at the nano-scale.     

A collection of 505 papers on false or unconfirmed ferroelectric properties in single crystals,ceramics and polymers

This collection presents 505 papers on ferroelectricity in single crystals, ceramics and polymers in which pointed or elliptical hysteresis loops would testify to their ferroelectric properties. In some papers, the authors ensure that ferroelectricity can occur even in materials that do not have a polar axis of symmetry.     

Emergent ferroelectricity in disordered tri-color multilayer structure comprised of ferromagnetic manganites

Multiferroic materials,showing the coexistence and coupling of ferroelectric and magnetic orders,are of great technological and fundamental importance.However,the limitation of single phase multiferroics with robust magnetization and polarization hinders the magnetoelectric effect from being applied practically.Magnetic frustration,which can induce ferroelectricity,gives rise to multiferroic behavior.In this paper,we attempt to construct an artificial magnetically frustrated structure comprised of manganites to induce ferroelectricity.A disordered stacking of manganites is expected to result in frustration at interfaces.We report here that a tri-color multilayer structure comprised of non-ferroelectric La_(0.9)Ca_(0.1)MnO_3(A)/Pr_(0.85)Ca_(0.15)MnO_3(B)/Pr_(0.85)Sr_(0.15)MnO_3(C) layers with the disordered arrangement of ABC-ACBCAB-CBA-BAC-BCA is prepared to form magnetoelectric multiferroics.The multilayer film exhibits evidence of ferroelectricity at room temperature,thus presenting a candidate for multiferroics.     

Topology and ferroelectricity in group-V monolayers

The group-V monolayers(MLs) have been studied intensively after the experimental fabrication of two-dimensional(2D) graphene and black phosphorus. The observation of novel quantum phenomena, such as quantum spin Hall effect and ferroelectricity in group-V elemental layers, has attracted tremendous attention because of the novel physics and promising applications for nanoelectronics in the 2D limit. In this review, we comprehensively review recent research progress in engineering of topology and ferroelectricity, and several effective methods to control the quantum phase transition are discussed. We then introduce the coupling between topological orders and ferroelectric orders. The research directions and outlooks are discussed at the end of the perspective. It is expected that the comprehensive overview of topology and ferroelectricity in 2D group-V materials can provide guidelines for researchers in the area and inspire further explorations of interplay between multiple quantum phenomena in low-dimensional systems.     

铁电薄膜铁电性能与温度关系的一种实时测量实验方法

介绍了一种实时测量铁电薄膜的铁电性能与温度关系的实验方法,为进一步研究铁电薄膜的特性提供了实验基础。