Excitation curve calibration for the SSRF magnet system

The needed electrical current for the magnet working under different energy loads can be easily calculated once the right relation between the magnet and the electrical current has been found. Therefore the excitation curve calibration for the magnet system is important to the SSRF. The measuring method on the magnet and the result of the excitation curve calibration are presented. The application of the excitation curve calibration for the bending magnet is given, and it is proved that the COD (Closed Orbit Distortion) and the working point of the storage ring are greatly affected by the current of the bending magnet.     

制冷机冷却的超导磁体在励磁时的稳定性分析

制冷机冷却的超导磁体是超导磁体技术的发展方向.在磁体励磁时,可能会因为交流损耗和稳恒漏热的共同作用而导致磁体温度上升到电流分流温度,进一步导致失超.因而励磁时的制冷机冷却的超导磁体的稳定性尤为重要.基于磁体内的漏热分析和励磁时交流损耗的计算,数值模拟了励磁时磁体的温度分布,研究了在制冷机冷却方式下超导磁体的稳定方面的问题.     

Analysis of new electrical signals in respect to quantification of radio frequency glow discharge emission spectrometry

Radio frequency glow discharge optical emission spectroscopy (RF-GD-OES) is routinely used for the chemical analysis of solid samples. For quantification two independent electrical signals of the discharge are required. These are provided in real time by the glow discharge source with integrated voltage and current sensors. The available time-dependent voltage and current must be reduced. For this purpose a plasma equivalent circuit is used. It is shown that the cathode voltage and active cathode current describe the sputtering and excitation well. Measuring standard reference materials at constant cathode voltage and cathode current results in linear calibration curves.     

基于PID算法的磁场闭环控制技术研究

已有的束流磁场控制方法大多采用开环的方式,即根据磁场需求直接设置磁铁电源输出的电流或电压值.但开环状态的磁场在现场噪声以及磁铁自身涡流效应的影响下,极容易发生偏移.针对此问题,设计了基于PID算法的磁场闭环控制系统.该系统以偏转磁铁为控制对象,使用霍尔传感器获取磁场值作为反馈,磁铁电源励磁电流的输出作为控制系统的输入量...     

基于SSOGI-RLSMC联合算法的加速器电源纹波抑制

重离子加速器电源系统对励磁电源输出电流的稳定度和纹波精度要求高.磁铁负载的存在产生的纹波,会对加速器通过磁场精确控制粒子运动轨迹带来影响.针对以上问题,提出一种基于SSOGI-RLSMC新型联合算法,以减小磁铁负载影响下励磁电源输出的电流纹波,提高电流稳定度.新型联合算法通过并联型二阶广义积分器(SSOGI)作为纹波检...     

合肥光源小功率直流磁铁电源的研究

电子加速器通过对电磁场精细调整使得电子束按理想轨道运行,要求励磁电源电流精度高、稳定度高、纹波小、抗干扰能力强。介绍了合肥光源小功率直流磁铁电源系统结构和控制器系统及控制算法,并进行了仿真和实验研究。实验测得,在负载电感1 mH、等效串联电阻0.049 ,输出电流25 A下电流纹波率2.12,40 min电流稳定度6.6,电流分辨率0.01。这表明：所设计的主电路和控制器系统适用于小功率直流磁铁电源的实验研究。     

合肥光源小功率直流磁铁电源的研究

电子加速器通过对电磁场精细调整使得电子束按理想轨道运行,要求励磁电源电流精度高、稳定度高、纹波小、抗干扰能力强。介绍了合肥光源小功率直流磁铁电源系统结构和控制器系统及控制算法,并进行了仿真和实验研究。实验测得,在负载电感1 mH、等效串联电阻0.049 ,输出电流25 A下电流纹波率2.12,40 min电流稳定度6.6,电流分辨率0.01。这表明:所设计的主电路和控制器系统适用于小功率直流磁铁电源的实验研究。     

Coupling mechanism of an EMAT

Electro-magnetic acoustic transducers (EMATs) generate ultrasonic waves in metals through an electromagnetic coupling mechanism. A concept for EMAT generation, using a coil alone without a permanent magnet, but with a pulse generator and a sample, is introduced. A simplified equivalent coil circuit is given, and has been validated by experimental measurements. Such an equivalent circuit is useful for excitation current calculations, which have often been neglected in previous publications in this area but have proved to be of great importance in considering the efficiency and frequency characteristics of ultrasonic generation. Due to the coil sample coupling, the equivalent coil inductance is dependent on the electrical conductivity and magnetic permeability of the metal sample, the lift-off, the coil orientation relative to the metal sample and the coil configuration. The use of a coil alone to generate ultrasound has limited applications as a suitable ultrasonic detector must also be used, but where appropriate this type of generation source provides a robust, non-contact and inexpensive means of ultrasonic generation without worrying the permanent magnet attracting ferromagnetic particles that can prevent from practical on-line application of EMATs.     

Current leads for superconducting magnets of ADS injector Ⅰ

In an ADS injector Ⅰ, there are five superconducting magnets in each cryomodule. Each superconducting magnet contains a solenoid magnet, a horizontal dipole corrector (HDC), and a vertical dipole corrector (VDC). Six current leads will be required to power the electrical circuits, from room temperature to the 2.1 K liquid helium bath: two leads carry 100 A current for the solenoid magnet while the other four carry 12 A for the HDC and the VDC. This paper presents the principle of current lead optimization, which includes the cooling methods, the choice of material and structure, and the issues for current lead integration.     

非线性磁式压电振动能量采集系统建模与分析

为便于评价、优化磁式压电振动能量采集系统的性能,系统研究了该类系统的建模与分析方法,建立了非线性的分布参数模型用于描述系统的非线性动力学行为,并采用谐波平衡法给出了谐波响应的解析解.随后利用仿真模型分析了磁铁间距、加速度幅值、负载阻抗对输出功率的影响,比较了不同激励频率和加速度幅值下的最优阻抗.结果表明:双稳态特性适用于低强度的振动环境,且愈接近临界区域,输出功率愈高,而单稳态渐硬特性适用于高强度振动环境,其最优间距并不靠近临界区域;阱间大幅运动和阱内小幅运动均存在高低能量态共存的现象,愈接近临界区域,现象愈明显;激振频率是影响最优负载阻抗的决定性因素.     

光/电激发方式对AlGaInP及GaN基LED电学特性的影响

采用光激励与电激励的方式对AlGaInP与InGaN/GaN基LED的电学特性进行了表征,并重点比较分析了两种激励方式的下理想因子这一重要参数的差异.探讨了影响LED理想因子的因素,确定理想因子的适宜注入强度范围.研究结果表明:结温与注入强度是影响LED理想因子的重要因素;对于特定类型的发光二极管,空间电荷区起主导作用...     

抗磁悬浮振动能量采集器动力学响应的仿真分析

分析了微型抗磁悬浮振动能量采集器中悬浮磁体的受力特性,发现了能量采集器的单稳态和双稳态现象,研究了能量采集器在不同工作状态下该两种稳态类型时的动力学响应特性.当能量采集器处于非工作的单稳态状态时,其动力学响应是在线性系统的基础上加入非线性扰动、幅频响应曲线向右偏转;热解石墨板间距越大,非线性扰动越强烈,右偏现象则越显著.当能量采集器处于非工作的双稳态状态时,其动力学响应比较复杂,出现倍周期、4倍周期以及混沌等非线性系统特有的现象.当能量采集器处于工作状态的双稳态状态时,其振动频率和外界激励频率保持一致,进行周期振动.该研究对抗磁悬浮振动能量采集器的结构设计具有重要的参考价值,为提高能量采集器的响应特性和输出性能提供了理论指导.     

瞬态大电流测量结温中校温曲线弯曲现象的研究

利用脉宽250 μs、占空比5%的0–1.5 A脉冲电流, 分别在50, 70, 90, 110, 130 ℃条件下, 对TO-247-2L封装型PIN快恢复二极管大电流下的校温曲线进行了测量分析. 研究发现, 恒定大电流条件下, 二极管的校温曲线随温度变化发生弯曲. 分析表明, 弯曲现象主要是由于串联电阻受迁移率的影响随温度发生变化而引起的. 通过实验测量及理论计算, 得到了准确的非线性校温曲线, 从而减小了瞬态大电流测量结温中的误差.     

大块永磁铁低温剩磁测量技术研究

通过对霍尔探头低温标定系统改进, 建立了大块永磁铁低温剩磁测量系统(CRMS). 以尺寸为40 mm×40 mm×10 mm的矩形NdFeB永磁铁(N50M)为例, 对低温剩磁测量方法进行了研究, 结果表明, 影响低温剩磁测量可靠性主要因素有: 霍尔探头低温标定, 霍尔探头位置, 温度漂移与材料低温热膨胀等. 如果测量方法一样, 永磁铁低温剩磁测量重复性好于0.1%. 实验为低温波荡器等高精度永磁装置大块永磁铁低温剩磁测量与研究创造了条件. 关键词： 大块永磁铁 低温剩磁 测量误差 低温波荡器     

微型SMES用超导储能磁体试验研究

超导储能磁体是超导储能系统(SMES)的关键部件,因此有必要在SMES系统运行前对超导储能磁体进行系统试验研究.本文以第二代高温超导(YBCO)线材设计制作的超导储能磁体为试验对象,通过降温试验、临界电流测试、储能量测试和对地绝缘测试等试验测试并分析了超导储能磁体的电气和低温绝缘性能.试验结果表明:超导储能磁体基本性能...     

高温超导SMES磁体的失超检测研究

失超保护是保证磁体安全运行的重要措施,而失超检测是失超保护正常动作的前提。由于SMES磁体运行工况的特殊性,现有失超检测方法在失超信号提取上遇到电磁噪声干扰严重的问题。文中针对高温超导SMES的运行工况,对电桥检测法进行了改进,通过对电桥信号的滤波设计解决电磁噪声干扰,设计了一套适用于高温超导SMES磁体在交变电流情况下的失超检测系统,同时进行了高温超导磁体的失超检测实验。实验结果表明,此系统能快速、准确地检测失超信号,并输出保护动作信号。     

Circuit-field coupled finite element analysis method for an electromagnetic acoustic transducer under pulsed voltage excitation

This paper presents an analytical method for electromagnetic acoustic transducers (EMATs) under voltage excitation and considers the non-uniform distribution of the biased magnetic field. A complete model of EMATs including the non-uniform biased magnetic field, a pulsed eddy current field and the acoustic field is built up. The pulsed voltage excitation is transformed to the frequency domain by fast Fourier transformation (FFT). In terms of the time harmonic field equations of the EMAT system, the impedances of the coils under different frequencies are calculated according to the circuit-field coupling method and Poynting’s theorem. Then the currents under different frequencies are calculated according to Ohm’s law and the pulsed current excitation is obtained by inverse fast Fourier transformation (IFFT). Lastly, the sequentially coupled finite element method (FEM) is used to calculate the Lorentz force in the EMATs under the current excitation. An actual EMAT with a two-layer two-bundle printed circuit board (PCB) coil, a rectangular permanent magnet and an aluminium specimen is analysed. The coil impedances and the pulsed current are calculated and compared with the experimental results. Their agreement verified the validity of the proposed method. Further- more, the influences of lift-off distances and the non-uniform static magnetic field on the Lorentz force under pulsed voltage excitation are studied.     

A new calibration equation for ratiometric fluorescent ion indicators: Application to fura-2

The absolute values of intracellular ion concentrations as monitored by specific fluorescent indicators are determined by using calibration curves obtained underin vitro andin vivo conditions. In the derivation of the calibration curve by Grynkiewicz et al [(1985)J. Biol. Chem 260, 3440] it is implicitly assumed that the observed fluorescence signal is directly related to the concentrations of the free dye and the dye-ion complex in the ground state. We modified the calibration equation so that ion binding and dissociation in the excited state are taken into account. The extended calibration equation assumes the knowledge of the rate constants in the excited state. Expressions for the calibration curve assuming the absence or presence of an excited-state reaction are compared for the Ca²⁺ indicator Fura-2. The excited-state rate constants are determined by global compartmental analysis of time-resolved fluorescence decays of Fura-2 collected at various excitation and emission wavelengths using different Ca²⁺ concentrations. It is found that for Fura-2 there is negligible interference of the excited-state reaction so that the original calibration can used.     

复合肥中磷元素的激光诱导击穿光谱多元非线性定量分析

采用激光诱导击穿光谱技术对复合肥中磷元素含量进行了定量分析。通过分析特征谱线的激发能级、跃迁概率和干扰情况,确定255.3和844.6 nm分别为磷元素、氧元素的分析线。实验中对18个复合肥样品进行了测量分析,用14个样品建立磷元素的定标曲线,相关系数r仅为0.83,因此采用多元非线性回归方法进行定量分析,提高测量的准确性。与传统定标曲线相比,在考虑氧元素特征谱线的影响时,LIBS测量值与参考值的相关系数r提高到0.98,测量的相对误差大大减小,仅为0.38%～1.70%。实验结果表明,LIBS技术具有快速分析复合肥中磷元素的潜力。     

纯永磁波荡器磁场计算的三维修正

 用归一化量对纯永磁波荡器的磁场进行三维计算分析,讨论了一般情况下有限磁极宽度的三维修正以及对好场区的影响,给出了磁极宽度对通常二维近似的修正曲线以及在不同磁极宽度下相对场强的横向变化曲线。