HI-13串列加速器生物样品辐照用新终端~7Li离子束流监测诊断研究

7Li离子属于高LET辐射,是辐射生物学基础研究中常用的重离子射线之一,它是硼中子俘获治疗癌症中起关键作用的离子,在辐射诱变育种等领域也有较好的应用前景。实验在北京HI-13串列加速器R20支线生物用新终端上进行,对43 MeV~7Li离子束照射野大小、均匀性和监测注量的准确性进行测量和评估,结果表明:5.0 cm×5.0 cm范围内照射野均匀性达到91.2%;4.2×10~4~1.5×10~5particles/cm~2/s注量率范围内,两种不同探测器测得的注量率变化呈线性关系,闪烁体探测器监测的注量与CR39探测器测得的绝对注量的误差小于10%。这些束流特性能够基本满足辐射生物学实验要求,有利于进一步开展与硼中子俘获治疗癌症或辐射诱变育种中~7Li离子的辐射生物学相关研究。     

串列加速器头部电极改进方案

通过改变头部电极的局部形状来改善头部电场, 运用Poisson程序计算几种可能形状下表面电场的分布, 并以此给出最佳的改进方案.     

基于HI-13串列加速器在束γ终端原子核激发态寿命测量的核结构研究

利用在HI-13串列加速器的在束γ终端上建立的多普勒线移衰减法、反冲距离多普勒线移法和快时间延迟符合法等3种寿命测量方法,开展了原子核手征对称性、磁转动等核结构热点课题的研究工作。实验结果表明,130Cs的伙伴带具有很好的手征特性,而106Ag的候选带并非手征双带。根据测量的能级寿命提取的B（M1）值表明,106Ag的正宇称晕带和107Ag的正、负宇称晕带都具有典型的磁转动特性。此外,寿命测量数据还为解释和理解不同的同位素链中展现出的形状演化、形状共存、形状相变及临界点对称性等物理现象提供了有价值的实验证据。 The significance and principle of lifetime measurements of excited states in nuclei are briefly described. By using the recoil-distance Doppler-shift method, the Doppler-shift attenuation method, and the fast-timing technique established at the in-beam γ terminal of HI-13 tandem accelerator, nuclear structure studies on topical subjects including chiral symmetries and magnetic rotation have been performed. Our experimental results indicate that 130Cs shows better chiral characteristics, however, the two candidate bands of 106Ag could not be a pair of chiral doublet bands. For magnetic rotation, the deduced B(M1) values deduced from the measured level lifetimes clearly demonstrate that the yrast positive-parity band in 106Ag and both the yrast positiveand negative-parity bands in 107Ag are magnetic rotation bands. In addition, our lifetime measurement data also provide valuable experimental evidences for the interpretation and understanding of the shape evolution, the shape coexistence, and the critical-point symmetries of shape phase transition in the different isotope chains.     

Optical-model analysis of 7Li + 25Mg and 7Li + 27Al elastic scattering at 89 MeV

The elastic scattering angular distributions for ⁷Li + ²⁵Mg and ⁷Li + ²⁷Al were measured at $\text{E(}{}^7\text{Li}\text{) = 89}\text{MeV}$ over angular ranges of 8–55° c.m. and 8–64° c.m. Previously published measurements for ^{24, 26}Mg at 89 MeV and ²⁴Mg at 34 MeV are reanalyzed. The cross sections were analysed using a 6-parameter phenomenological Saxon-Woods potential. No discrete ambiguities were found but the usual continuous ambiguities exist. The data were also analysed with double folded real potentials generated using the M3Y effective interaction. The folded potential must be multiplied by about 0.6 to fit the data. The extent to which ⁷Li optical-model potentials are determined and suggestions for further work on the normalization of the folded potential are discussed.     

Break-up of 6Li and 7Li on tin and nickel nuclei

The break-up of the stable lithium nuclei on ⁵⁸Ni and ¹¹⁸Sn has been investigated in the bombarding energy range 12–24 MeV. The emerging α-particles have been analysed showing that the cross sections peak at the angle of grazing collisions. Inspection of the present data suggests the conclusion that several different reaction mechanisms contribute to the continuous spectrum of the α-particles.     

A microscopic multi-channel calculation for the reactions 7Li(p,p)7Li and7Li(p,n)7Be

Based on a refined resonating group method a microscopic multi-channel calculation for the reactions ⁷Li(p, p)⁷Li and ⁷Li(p, n)⁷Be has been performed. Diagonal S-matrix elements and differential cross sections are presented from the ⁷Li-p threshold up to E = 2.5 MeV c.m. and compared with experimental data.     

Calculation of scattering parameters for ultracold ~6 Li-~7 Li elastic collisions

This paper theoretically studies the elastic scattering properties in a mixture of 6 Li and 7 Li atoms at cold and ultracold temperatures.Based on the constructed accurate interatomic potential of the triplet state for 6 Li 7 Li mixture by the mass scaling method,it calculates the interspecies s-wave scattering lengths and the p-wave scattering lengths by the variable phase method and the semiclassical method,respectively.The scattering length is in good agreement with the experiment.The partial-wave and total cross sections are also calculated and a rich resonance structure is found.     

Elastic and inelastic scattering of 6Li and 7Li by 54Fe at E = 36–50 MeV

Detailed angular distributions for the elastic and inelastic scattering of ⁷Li at E = 36, 42, and 48 MeV and of ⁶Li at E = 38, 44, and 50 MeV by ⁵⁴Fe have been measured. It is not possible to describe both sets of data with the same set of optical-model parameters. The ratio of $\text{U}\text{W}$ is 0.8 for ⁷Li and 1.4 for ⁶Li at the strong absorption radius, implying stronger absorption for ⁷Li than for ⁶Li. No energy dependence in the optical-model parameters was necessary for either ⁶Li or ⁷Li. The inelastic scattering from the ⁵⁴Fe 2⁺, 1.41 MeV state was well described by the DWBA and the extracted deformation length (βR = 0.62) was the same for both ⁶Li and ⁷Li scattering. It was not possible to describe the ⁷Li projectile excitation data with collective-model DWBA calculations showing that more detailed calculations for the projectile excitation are necessary.     

Spin assignments from the 142Nd(7Li, 6He)143Pm and 144Sm(7Li, 6He)145Eu reactions at 52 MeV

Angular distributions have been measured for transitions to low-lying states in ¹⁴³Pm and ¹⁴⁵Eu populated by the ¹⁴²Nd(⁷Li, ⁶He)¹⁴³ and the ¹⁴⁴Sm(⁷Li, ⁶He)¹⁴⁵Eu reactions at $\text{E(}{}^7\text{Li}\text{) = 52}$ MeV. Elastic scattering of ⁷Li at 52 MeV on ¹⁴²Nd and ¹⁴⁴Sm, and ⁶Li at 46 MeV on ¹⁴²Nd and at 45 MeV on ¹⁴⁴Sm, were measured. Optical-model parameters extracted from fits to the scattering data were used in a finite-range DWBA analysis of the angular distributions for levels below 1.40 MeV excitation energy in ¹⁴³Pm and 1.84 MeV in ¹⁴⁵Eu. The reaction cross sections forward of 6° c.m. allow unambiguous distinction to be made between 2d_{$\text{5}\text{2}$} and 2d_{$\text{3}\text{2}$} final states. Final-state spins have been assigned to d-states in ¹⁴³Pm at 1.40 MeV($\text{3}\text{2}$⁺)and in ¹⁴⁵Eu at 1.042 MeV ($\text{3}\text{2}$⁺). Existing assignments to other levels in both residual nuclei have been confirmed.     

Nuclear reactions of 24 MeV 7Li on 10B

The charged-particle reaction channels accessible in the bombardment of ¹⁰B targets by ⁷Li nuclei of 24 MeV incident energy are investigated by measuring all ejectiles up to Be. Except for tritons, the reactions with light ejectiles proceed mainly via the formation of a compound nucleus, whereas some of the reactions with ejectiles heavier than the α-particle can be described by a direct mechanism.