激光聚变研究中心激光技术研究进展北大核心CSCD

介绍了中物院激光聚变研究中心在神光-Ⅲ主机装置建设、大口径高通量验证实验平台研制、神光-Ⅲ原型装置运行与性能提升、支撑激光驱动器建设的精密装校与洁净处理技术和精密光学检测技术、星光-Ⅲ激光装置建设、PW量级全光参量啁啾脉冲放大系统技术以及高功率波导激光技术等方面的主要研究进展情况。     

高功率激光聚变物理实验技术进展

激光核聚变实验技术的进步对研究领域的迅速发展起着十分重要的推动作用．本文从惯性约束聚变最基本的概念出发简单评述这一领域实验物理诊断研究工作的特点和主要进展．也穿插介绍了我们近年来在等离子体实验技术发展方面所做的一点工作．     

激光惯性约束聚变靶技术现状及其发展趋势北大核心CSCD

靶是激光惯性约束聚变(ICF)研究的物质基础,其质量的好坏对物理实验结果有极其重要的影响。靶本身的特点决定了制靶是一项极其复杂且特色鲜明的系统工程。主要介绍了国内ICF靶制备技术的现状,并对存在的问题及今后一段时期内的发展趋势作了简要说明。     

神光系列装置激光聚变实验与诊断技术研究进展

文章主要介绍了国内自2000年以来的激光惯性约束聚变(ICF)实验研究以及诊断技术研究的进展,主要内容为神光Ⅱ激光装置上的实验,也对刚建成不久的神光Ⅲ原型装置上的实验作简要介绍,此外,文章还介绍了神光Ⅱ和神光Ⅲ原型装置上近期发展的诊断技术和设备.文章作者在神光Ⅱ激光装置上开展了多项的物理实验研究,其中包括黑腔物理、内爆物理、流体动力学不稳定性、辐射不透明度以及辐射驱动冲击波等,并取得了重要的进展.在X射线单能成像、Thomson探针、无高级衍射的单级衍射光栅等新型关键诊断技术与尖端设备研制方面也取得了显著进展.     

神光系列装置激光聚变实验与诊断技术研究进展

文章主要介绍了国内自2000年以来的激光惯性约束聚变（ICF）实验研究以及诊断技术研究的进展,主要内容为神光II激光装置上的实验,也对刚建成不久的神光III原型装置上的实验作简要介绍,此外,文章还介绍了神光II和神光III原型装置上近期发展的诊断技术和设备.文章作者在神光II激光装置上开展了多项的物理实验研究,其中包括黑腔物理、内爆物理、流体动力学不稳定性、辐射不透明度以及辐射驱动冲击波等,并取得了重要的进展.在X射线单能成像、Thomson探针、无高级衍射的单级衍射光栅等新型关键诊断技术与尖端设备研制方面也取得了显著进展.     

激光聚变实验装置屏蔽性能模拟计算北大核心CSCD

主要采用了蒙特卡罗方法对激光聚变实验装置外表面的中子和光子能谱及剂量进行模拟与分析,引入了MCAM软件绘制激光聚变实验装置的三维模型图,并自动转化为MCNP的输入文件,进行了靶室屏蔽性能的蒙卡模拟,从辐射防护的角度为屏蔽系统的建立、人员的辐射防护以及靶室材料的选择提供理论依据。通过模拟结果得出,CLAM钢作为靶室材料时,其屏蔽中子产生的瞬发光子剂量,在非孔道处是铝合金的1/2左右,40cm厚的混凝土屏蔽层对中子和光子起到了很好的屏蔽作用,均降低了一个数量级,另外在孔道处的中子和光子剂量,加了混凝土的情况反而比裸靶室时高10%左右,建议对靶室孔道外部考虑额外的防护。     

我国激光惯性约束聚变实验与诊断技术早期研究历史

文章回顾了中国激光惯性约束聚变(ICF)领域实验与诊断技术的早期研究历史,介绍了ICF实验与诊断研究工作从学习调研、跟踪模仿到自主研制设备、综合实验等方面的艰苦历程。文章可以弥补中国ICF领域在实验与诊断方面科技史研究的空白。     

我国激光惯性约束聚变实验与诊断技术早期研究历史

文章回顾了中国激光惯性约束聚变(ICF)领域实验与诊断技术的早期研究历史,介绍了ICF实验与诊断研究工作从学习调研、跟踪模仿到自主研制设备、综合实验等方面的艰苦历程。文章可以弥补中国ICF领域在实验与诊断方面科技史研究的空白。     

激光靶中的等离子体流实验研究

在星光和神光激光装置上,用空间-时间分辨、能量-时间分辨技术,激光探针光技术以及法拉第电荷收集器,研究了平面金靶、玻璃球靶、黑洞腔靶的激光等离子体膨胀过程以及离子发射速度分布。观察到了球靶的球体与支撑杆之间以及激光未照射区的等离子体喷流结构。获得了金柱腔靶在特定功率密度下的解体时间。     

ICF靶材料和靶制备技术研究进展

 主要介绍了中国工程物理研究院ICF靶材料科学与靶制备技术在材料研究、靶丸制备技术、薄膜制备技术、精密微工艺及靶参数测量等方面的主要研究进展。在靶材料研究方面,近年相继研制成功全氘代聚苯乙烯（D-PS）有机材料、微靶掺杂和激光吸收与X射线转换金属纳米或团簇材料;探索了新型有机气凝胶储氢材料,开展了金属小团簇理论研究和纳米金属复合材料的研究工作。在靶制备技术与工艺方面,完成了PS单层、双层和三层塑料空心微球的研制工作;利用低温等离子体聚合涂层技术,建立了微球表面沉积纯CH薄膜以及金属掺杂CH薄膜的工艺和技术;在玻璃微球充氩技术研究中,开展了原子力扫描显微镜对玻璃球壳钻孔工艺研究以及粒子辐照改性充气技术研究,等等。     

磁化套筒惯性聚变研究进展

磁化套筒惯性聚变（MagLIF）是一种新的聚变构型,它结合了传统惯性约束聚变和磁约束聚变的优点,理论上可以显著地降低聚变实现的难度,未来必将朝着点火的目标进一步发展,具备极大的应用潜力。针对这一特殊构型,分别从理论、实验和工程三个部分介绍了国际上该领域主要的研究进展,内容覆盖理论研究、数值模拟、实验加载、测量与诊断、负载设计与加工、分解实验、构型改进等多个方面,通过该文能够对该领域的研究现状有相对完善的了解,对未来发展趋势也有一定的认知。

     

Recent developments in X-UV optics and X-UV diagnostics

Metrology of XUV beams (X-ray lasers, high-harmonic generation and VUV free-electron lasers) is of crucial importance for the development of applications. We have thus developed several new optical systems enabling us to measure the optical properties of XUV beams. By use of a Michelson interferometer working as a Fourier-transform spectrometer, the line shapes of different X-ray lasers have been measured with a very high accuracy (/10^-6). Achievement of the first XUV wavefront sensor has enabled us to measure the beam quality of laser-pumped as well as discharge-pumped X-ray lasers. A capillary discharge X-ray laser has demonstrated a very good wavefront allowing us to achieve an intensity as high as 3×10¹⁴ Wcm^-2 by focusing with a f=5 cm mirror. The sensor accuracy has been measured using a calibrated spherical wave generated by diffraction. The accuracy has been estimated to be as good as /120 at 13 nm. Commercial developments are underway. At Laboratoire dOptique Appliquée, we are setting up a new beamline based on high-harmonic generation in order to start the femtosecond, coherent XUV optic . PACS 07.85.Nc;32.70.Jz;41.50.+h;42.15.Dp;42.55.Vc;52.70.La     

Laser absorption and fluorescence diagnostics of a plasma

Diagnostics of a near-surface laser plasma, the plasma of a strong-current pulse gaseous discharge in inert gases, nitrogen, and carbon dioxide under conditions of intense evaporation of the wall of the discharge chamber, the plasma of a discharge with a hollow cathode, and the active medium of an excimer laser was conducted by methods of intracavity laser spectroscopy and laser-induced fluorescence. The dynamic fields and absolute concentrations of atoms, ions, molecules and electrons, the plasma temperature, and the velocities of flows of particles were measured. The quantitative determination of the density of particles in the erosion laser flame prior to breakdown and the phenomena associated with the formation of molecules in the laser plasma received primary consideration. To whom correspondence should be addressd. Instite of Molecular and Atomic Physics of the Academy of Sciences of Belarus, 70, F. Skorina Ave., Minsk, 220072, Belarus. Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 3, pp. 281–290, May–June, 1997.     

自制金割效应物理摆的研究性实验

金割效应物理摆是将数学中的优选法与物理实验中的复摆结合起来并用计算机处理数据的自制教学仪器.把金割效应物理摆作为研究性实验进行开设,更有利于培养学生的开拓精神和创新能力.     

巨磁电阻效应及应用设计性物理实验的研究

测量巨磁电阻阻值与磁感应强度的关系,研究巨磁电阻效应特性,介绍巨磁电阻效应的物理原理、实验方法及应用,该近代物理学的研究成果,可作为大学物理实验教学内容.     

Laser diagnostics of NO reburning in fuel-rich propene flames

Absolute NO concentrations were measured by laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) in three different fuel-rich non-sooting propene flames (φ=1.5, 1.8 and 2.3). The experiments were performed in low-pressure premixed propene flames with 0.2%-1% NO added. Laser diagnostics was applied as a tool for investigating reburn chemistry. The Q₂(25.5) line in the A-X(0,0) band was excited because of the small temperature dependence of its ground state population. The NO fluorescence lifetimes were measured directly and compared to theoretical values. The initial NO levels are strongly reduced in all three flames. According to modeling results, the HCN mole fraction increases strongly with stoichiometry. As guidelines for laser diagnostics applications in such systems, the modeling results were analyzed with respect to the main reaction channels and reaction partners in fuel-rich flames. Received: 1 March 2000 / Revised version: 20 April 2000 / Published online: 20 September 2000     

Laser fluorescence spectroscopy and factor analysis in diagnostics of microbial diseases

Laser-induced fluorescence spectra of blood plasma are studied for patients suffering from microbial diseases. The spectra are measured on an experimental Spektrolyuks laser-fiber multichannel analyzer. A procedure for the statistical processing of the laser-fluorescence data bank is realized based on the method of factor analysis. The experimental results are presented for the learning and test groups. The appropriateness of the hybrid diagnostics in the detection and classification of pathologies with a statistical significance that is acceptable in practical applications is demonstrated.