分子印迹电化学传感器

分子印迹电化学传感器能够选择性识别并检测特定目标化合物,因其设计简单、灵敏度高、价格低廉、携带方便、易于微型化和自动化等优点,在临床诊断、环境监测、食品分析等方面越来越受到人们的关注.本文作者主要论述分子印迹技术与电化学技术相结合构建分子印迹电化学传感器,包括分子印迹电化学传感器的种类,以及电化学方法制备分子印迹聚合物膜的常用单体等.对分子印迹电化学传感器领域新出现的分子印迹聚合物-纳米材料复合物以及纳米结构分子印迹聚合物也一并做了评述.     

盐酸环丙沙星分子印迹电化学传感器

本文将电化学合成与分子印迹技术相结合,采用循环伏安法在石墨电极表面,形成盐酸环丙沙星(CPX)分子印迹聚吡咯薄膜,制备了CPX分子印迹传感器。实验对传感器的制备条件进行了优化,用铁氰化钾作为活性电子探针,采用方波伏安法研究了传感器性能。结果表明,在1×10~(-8)~1×10~(-4)mol/L范围内,峰电流与CPX浓度负对数呈良好的线性关系,检出限(S/N=3)为3.5×10~(-9)mol/L。传感器对模板分子CPX选择性强,重现性和稳定性好,置于室温下15d峰电流强度无明显变化。     

分子印迹电化学传感器检测水杨酸

以水杨酸(SA)为模板分子,邻苯二胺(o-PPD)及吡咯(Py)为复合功能单体,在石墨烯修饰的玻碳电极表面制备分子印迹电化学传感器(MIP/GO/GCE),用扫描电镜(SEM)观察印迹膜的表面形貌,方波伏安法(SWV)和循环伏安法(CV)对分子印迹传感器的性能进行表征。通过优化实验条件,显示SA浓度在1.0×10^-8～1.0×10^-2 mol/L范围内,分子印迹传感器峰电流与SA浓度负对数具有良好的线性关系,检出限为8.6×10^-9 mol/L。该传感器对SA具有良好的选择性,样品回收率为101%～106%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为3.8%。SA分子印迹传感器的制备简单、抗干扰性好、灵敏度高、成本低廉,具有较好实用价值。     

分子印迹-仿生传感器的研究进展

分子印迹技术是制备具有选择性分子识别能力聚合物(分子印迹聚合物)的新兴化学合成技术。分子印迹聚合物的一个重要应用是在生物传感器中取代生物分子作为识别元件,研制耐受性强、低成本的分子印迹仿生传感器。综述了分子印迹技术的基本原理及其在仿生传感器方面的应用研究现状,并对分子印迹仿生传感器的发展前景进行了评述。引用文献24篇。     

基于信号放大策略的分子印迹-电化学发光抗生素传感器研究进展

抗生素残留已成为全球公共卫生最严重的威胁之一,发展高效、 快速且简便的抗生素检测方法具有重要意义.分子印迹聚合物(MIP)作为人工合成的化学受体,可以高亲和力选择性识别目标分子,电化学发光(ECL)是一种发展成熟、应用广泛的电分析技术,两者结合的分子印迹-电化学发光法(MIP-ECL)具有选择性高、检出限低、成本低廉等...     

分子印迹电化学传感器敏感膜体系的构建及其研究进展

分子印迹技术具有构效预定性、特异识别性和广泛应用性的特点,在色谱分离、固相萃取、仿生传感器、模拟酶催化和膜分离等方面得到了广泛应用。近年来,分子印迹电化学传感器(MIECS)的研究日益受到人们的重视。在MIECS设计过程中,分子印迹敏感膜体系的构建非常关键,它直接影响着传感器的性能。该文简要介绍了MIECS的分类及其检测原理,对传统体系、自组装体系、分子印迹聚合物粒子镶嵌体系、电聚合体系和溶胶-凝胶体系等5种MIECS敏感膜体系的构建方法、特点及其研究进展进行综述,并展望了MIECS的发展方向。     

分子印迹电化学传感器检测水产品中孔雀石绿

以孔雀石绿(MG)为模板,以邻氨基酚为功能单体通过循环伏安法(CV)在玻碳电极表面上聚合制备了MG分子印迹电化学传感器,用CV法和差分脉冲法(DPV)研究了传感器的响应性能,并用于水产品中MG检测。结果表明,DPV峰电流减少量与MG浓度在0.02～0.5μg·mL^-1范围内呈线性关系,线性方程为ΔI(μA)=26.77C_MG+2.663;在0.5～2.5μg·mL^-1范围内呈线性关系,线性方程为ΔI(μA)=2.662C_MG+14.25,检出限为1.2×10^-2μg·mL^-1。MG分子印迹电化学传感器操作简单快捷,具有较好的特异性、重复性和稳定性,可满足水产品中MG的快速检测需要。     

分子印迹电化学传感器测定L-色氨酸的研究

报道了一种由溶胶-凝胶法制备的分子印迹电化学传感器,并用于L-色氨酸的测定.印迹聚合物是由四乙氧基硅烷、甲基三甲氧基硅烷、苯基三甲氧基硅烷等聚合而成,L-色氨酸为模板分子.通过循环伏安法验证了印迹膜与模板分子的结合和去除.该传感器对L-色氨酸具有良好的选择性以及高的灵敏度,线性范围为1.0×10-9～1.0×10-5m...     

葡萄糖分子印迹电化学传感器的研制及其应用

本文结合分子印迹技术与电化学检测手段,制备了高选择性、高灵敏度和价格低廉的分子印迹电化学传感器,并利用该传感器对食品中的葡萄糖进行定量分析。由于该分子印迹膜为非导电膜,本实验以铁氰化钾-亚铁氰化钾离子作为底液与电极之间的探针并通过铁氰化钾-亚铁氰化钾氧化还原电流信号的变化来对葡萄糖浓度进行间接测定。实验结果表明,在0.01~2μmol/L的范围内,葡萄糖浓度的变化与铁氰化钾-亚铁氰化钾氧化还原电流信号变化呈线性关系,检出限为7.68×10-9 mol/L。该传感器的制备和测量方法简单,可用于实际样品的检测。     

Molecularly Imprinted Electrochemical Sensors

In this review, the applications of molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) materials in the area of electrochemical sensors have been explored. The designs of the MIPs containing different polymers, their preparation and their immobilization on the transducer surface have been discussed. Further, the employment of various transducers containing the MIPs based on different electrochemical techniques for determining analytes has been assessed. In addition, the general protocols for getting the electrochemical signal based on the binding ability of analyte with the MIPs have been given. The review ends with describing scope and limitations of the above electrochemical based MIP sensors.     

吲哚-3-乙酸分子印迹聚合物膜电化学传感器的研制

利用分子印迹技术,以吲哚-3-乙酸(IAA)为模板分子,甲基丙烯酸为单体,在玻碳电极表面采用原位聚合制备分子印迹敏感膜.采用方波伏安法对吲哚乙酸在该印迹电极上的电化学行为进行了研究.结果表明,0.62 V(vs.SCE)处的峰电流与吲哚乙酸的浓度在5.0×10-6～2.0×10-4mol/L范围内呈线性关系,检出限(S...     

Molecularly Imprinted Poly-o-phenylenediamine Electrochemical Sensor for Entacapone

We have developed a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) electrochemical sensor for entacapone (ETC) based on an electropolymerised polyphenylenediamine (Po-PD) on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) surface. The direct electropolymerisation of the o-phenylenediamine monomer (o-PD) was carried out with ETC as a template. The steps of electropolymerization process, template removal and binding of the analyte were tested by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) using [Fe(CN)₆]³⁻/[Fe(CN)₆]^{4 −} as a redox probe. The operation of the sensor has been investigated by differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). Under optimal experimental conditions, the response of the DPV was linearly proportional to the ETC concentration between 1.0×10⁻⁷ and 5.0×10⁻⁶ M ETC with a limit of detection (LOD) of 5.0×10⁻⁸ M. The developed sensor had excellent selectivity without detectable cross-reactivity for levodopa and carbidopa. The MIP sensor was successfully used to detect ETC in spiked human serum samples.     

分子印迹聚合物的制备及其传感器应用研究

分子印迹技术于近十年内得到了飞速的发展,已经成为当前研究的热点之一.本文主要介绍了分子印迹聚合物的原理以及一些常用制备方法.分子印迹聚合物的一个重要应用是在化学传感器中作为识别元件,研制稳定、低成本的分子印迹传感器.分子印迹聚合物在传感器领域的应用是分子印迹技术的一个重要方面,本文综述了分子印迹聚合物在化学传感器方面的应用研究现状,并对分子印迹传感器的发展前景进行了评述.     

自组装碳纳米管-氯洁霉素分子印迹溶胶-凝胶电化学传感器研究

结合自组装技术, 采用电聚合方法在碳纳米管修饰金电极表面制备对氯洁霉素具有特异性识别位点的分子印迹溶胶-凝胶薄膜, 成功构建了一种新型印迹溶胶-凝胶电化学传感器. 通过循环伏安法(CV)、示差脉冲法(DPV)、安培计时法(I-t)和扫描电镜(SEM)表征了该印迹溶胶-凝胶膜的电化学性能和表面形貌. 结果表明, 该传感器具有良好的选择性和灵敏度, 氯洁霉素在多壁碳纳米管修饰的印迹溶胶-凝胶传感器上的响应明显提高. 该印迹溶胶-凝胶传感器对氯洁霉素的浓度响应线性范围为5.0×10^-7~8.0×10^-5 mol/L, 检出限为2.44×10^-8 mol/L. 该传感器被成功地用于人体尿液中氯洁霉素的分析测定.     

Graphene Doped Molecularly Imprinted Electrochemical Sensor for Uric Acid

A highly sensitive uric acid molecularly imprinted electrochemical sensor was prepared by using graphene doped chitosan as the functional matrix and uric acid as the template molecule; a electrodeposition technique was used to form a controllable graphene–chitosan–uric acid composited film on glassy carbon electrode whose uric acid was removed via electrochemical induce elution. Under the optimized preparation and detection conditions, the detection sensitivity of uric acid at graphene doped molecularly imprinted sensor was improved significantly compared with the undoped molecularly imprinted sensor. The mechanisms of sensitivity enhancement were studied by a.c. electrochemical impedance, adsorption model, and chronocoulometry. The observations suggest the effect of sensitivity enhancement resulted from magnified surface area and good electronic conduction of graphene. Additionally, the developed sensor exhibited specific recognition to uric acid against the competitors which consisted of structure liked substances and coexisting interference in blood serum.     

A Sensitive Electrochemical Sensor Based on Solution Polymerized Molecularly Imprinted Polymers for Procaine Detection

A sensitive and selective method for the determination of procaine hydrochloride using molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) modified glassy carbon electrodes was developed. The MIPs were prepared by solution polymerization using procaine hydrochloride as the template molecules and acrylic acid (AA) and vinyltriethoxysilane (WD‐20) as the functional monomer and cross‐linking agent, respectively. A film was formed on the surface of the glassy carbon electrodes and later cross‐linked with ethanol as solvent. Next, these electrodes were employed to detect procaine hydrochloride by differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). Under the optimized conditions, good linearity (correlation coefficient of 0.9986) was observed between the oxidation peak current and the concentration of procaine hydrochloride in the range of 4.0×10^?8 to 2.4×10^?5 M in a pH 7.0 0.04 M phosphate buffer solution, and the detection limit (S/N=3) was 1.02×10^?8 M. In addition, the stability and reproducibility of the sensors were satisfactory. Moreover, the concentration of procaine hydrochloride in human blood serum samples was detected, and its recoveries ranged from 97.5 % to 106.4 % with RSD less than 2.15 %. These results suggest that the prepared molecularly imprinted electrochemical sensors can be used for the determination of procaine in clinical studies.     

Recent Advances in Electrochemical Sensors Based on Molecularly Imprinted Polymers and Nanomaterials

This review focuses on the recent achievement during period of 2013–2018 related to the electrochemical sensors based on molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) combined with nanomaterials for various kinds of applications. MIPs based electrochemical sensors have found a great interest due to their high stability, short time required for electropolymerization, and high specificity towards the target analyte. The sensitivity is considered as one of the important parameter in electrochemical sensing strategies that should be improved by the combination of highly conductive nanomaterials with selective MIPs. In general, the most employed nanomaterials are magnetic nanoparticles, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), carbon nanotubes and graphene. This review discusses the main current achievement as well as the current challenges regarding the development of biomimetic sensors in electroanalysis.     

基于石墨烯的毒死蜱分子印迹电化学传感器的制备及对毒死蜱的测定

利用分子印迹技术,以马来松香丙烯酸乙二醇酯为交联剂,使用自由基热聚合法在石墨烯修饰的玻碳电极表面合成毒死蜱( CPF)分子印迹聚合膜,制得了CPF分子印迹电化学传感器。采用循环伏安法、线性扫描伏安法和电化学交流阻抗法等,考察了此CPF分子印迹膜的电化学性能。在最佳检测条件下,传感器的峰电流与CPF浓度在2.0×10-7~1.0×10-5mol/L范围内呈线性关系,线性方程为Ip(μA)=-7.1834-0.2424C (μmol/L),相关系数r2=0.9959,检出限为6.7×10-8 mol/L(S/N=3)。构建了CPF分子印迹电化学传感器的动力学吸附模型,测得印迹传感器的印迹因子β=2.59,结合速率常数k=12.2324 s。传感器表现出良好的重现性和稳定性,并成功用于实际水样和蔬菜样品中CPF的测定,加标回收率为94.1%~101.4%。     

盐酸普萘洛尔分子印迹电化学传感器的制备与研究

以盐酸普萘洛尔为目标模板分子,通过电聚合多巴胺,在多壁碳纳米管修饰的玻碳电极表面制备了对目标分子有特异响应的分子印迹电化学传感器.利用扫描电子显微镜、循环伏安法和差示脉冲伏安法对此传感器的表面形貌及性能进行了表征,并且优化了检测条件,研究了印迹传感器对模板分子及其结构类似物的选择性响应.结果表明:此传感器具有较好的选择性响应,而且碳纳米管的存在显著提高了传感器的灵敏度.盐酸普萘洛尔的浓度在0.20～100 μmol/L范围内与峰电流呈良好的线性关系;检出限为2.53×10-8 mol/L(S/N=3).此传感器还具有良好的稳定性和重现性.