外电场下L-茶氨酸分子的结构特征与光谱性质

L-茶氨酸(N-乙基-L-谷氨酰胺)是一类具有降压、抗氧化的非蛋白氨基酸,研究外场下它的结构和光谱特征有助于人们更好地认识L-茶氨酸分子的性质.基于密度泛函理论,利用B3LYP方法,在6-311g(d,p)基组水平上对L-茶氨酸分子进行几何构型优化,在此基础上计算L-茶氨酸分子在不同外电场下(0～0.0125 a.u.)的分子各键长与振动频率,得到对应的红外光谱.同时,在相同的基组下采用含时密度泛函方法(TD-DFT)计算外电场对分子的激发态、前线轨道和能隙的影响.结果表明:分子结构及其紫外、红外光谱都随外电场强度发生变化.随外电场的增加,伸缩振动频率红移,弯曲振动频率蓝移;最高占据轨道的能量(E_(HOMO))与最低空轨道的能量(E_(LUMO))发生改变,前线轨道能隙先小幅增加后随电场减小,分子活性先减小后增强;紫外吸收光谱先蓝移后红移.本研究对L-茶氨酸分子的检测、合成及其生物活性的研究可提供理论依据.     

外电场下L-茶氨酸分子的结构特征与光谱性质

L-茶氨酸(N-乙基-L-谷氨酰胺)是一类具有降压、抗氧化的非蛋白氨基酸,研究外场下它的结构和光谱特征有助于人们更好地认识L-茶氨酸分子的性质.基于密度泛函理论,利用B3LYP方法,在6-311g(d,p)基组水平上对L-茶氨酸分子进行几何构型优化,在此基础上计算L-茶氨酸分子在不同外电场下(0～0.0125 a.u.)的分子各键长与振动频率,得到对应的红外光谱.同时,在相同的基组下采用含时密度泛函方法(TD-DFT)计算外电场对分子的激发态、前线轨道和能隙的影响.结果表明:分子结构及其紫外、红外光谱都随外电场强度发生变化.随外电场的增加,伸缩振动频率红移,弯曲振动频率蓝移;最高占据轨道的能量(E_(HOMO))与最低空轨道的能量(E_(LUMO))发生改变,前线轨道能隙先小幅增加后随电场减小,分子活性先减小后增强;紫外吸收光谱先蓝移后红移.本研究对L-茶氨酸分子的检测、合成及其生物活性的研究可提供理论依据.     

环型硫分子的从头算及其应用

通过对环型硫分子S6～S2 0 同素异构体的实验结构分析 ,用从头算 (abinitio)RHF/ 6 311G (包括BLYP/6 311G 和MP4/ 6 311G )方法进行基态几何结构优化 ,获得了与实验结构相吻合的新的理论稳定构型 .其中S18的两种变体S18(α)和S18(β)的能量相近 ,都是相互稳定的分子构型 .通过计算 ,从理论上推测S2 0 有D4 点群的物相 .还就对称性、偶极矩和红外振动光谱与分子构象的相互关系 ,以及环分子结构与化学活性之间的关系进行了讨论 ,获得了具有实验意义的结论 .     

哈尔满碱分子光谱的密度泛函理论研究

采用密度泛函理论(Density Functional Theory,DFT),在M062X/6-31g(d)水平上,对哈尔满碱分子结构进行结构优化,计算其振动频率,获得该分子的红外光谱,利用势能函数分布(Potential energy distribution,PED)结合VEDA4软件对哈尔满碱分子的红外光谱简正振动模式进行了指认.采用含时密度泛函理论(Time-dependent density functional theory,TDDFT)计算了该分子在不同溶剂条件下的吸收光谱和激发态.将理论计算的红外光谱和紫外光谱与实验值进行对比分析,对哈尔满碱分子的激发态进行了分析计算,讨论了哈尔满碱分子的前线分子轨道和分子静电势.为哈尔满碱分子的光谱检测技术及电子结构分析提供参考.     

Cl对气态亚硝酸(HONO)直接提氢反应机理的研究

采用密度泛函理论研究了Cl对气态亚硝酸(HONO)直接提取氢的反应机理.在B3LYP/6-311G(d,p)水平上,优化得到了反应途径上的反应物、中间体、过渡态和产物的几何构型;通过频率分析对各分子构型进行了确认;并利用QCISD(T)方法计算了各分子单点能量.计算结果表明,HONO分子具有顺式和反式两种构型;常温条件下,Cl对顺式构型直接提取氢的反应竞争性具有明显优势,其主要反应途径为:cis-HONO+Cl→cis-M1→cis-TS→cis-M2→HCl+NO_2.     

双自由基CH燃烧反应机理的研究

应用量子理论从头算和密度泛函理论(DFT)对双自由基CH(X2Π)与O2(X3∑g-)的反应机理进行了研究.在B3PW91/6-311G**水平上优化了反应通道上各驻点(反应物、中间体、过渡态和产物)的几何构型,并计算了零点能和过渡态的虚频率.并由B3PW91/6-311G**给出了各物种的总能量.计算表明,反应物中自由基CH与O2反应主要在二重态势能面上进行,CH中的C原子可以插在O2分子中两个氧原子中间形成中间体1(2HCO2),中间体1(2HCO2)可以经过不同的反应通道形成不同的产物P1(1CO2 2H)和P2(1CO 2OH),各反应通道的反应热的计算与实验值吻合较好.     

HFSiS构型及其稳定性的理论研究

利用密度泛函理论对三线态HFSiS分子结构及其稳定性进行了详细的理论研究.在B3LYP/6-311G**水平上计算出了各驻点的优化构型、振动频率,并对各个振动模式加以归属,在同样的理论水平上进行了IRC计算;CCSD(T)结合6-311G**基组对于驻点进行单点能及相对能量的计算;根据振动模式分析来阐明三线态势能面上各驻点之间的变化,并与单线态势能面进行比较.计算结果表明,三线态HFSiS分子存在6种异构体,3HFSiS结构在动力学和热力学上都是最稳定的,实验上应该可以观测到;在两组键旋转异构体当中,结构-2具有一定的动力学稳定性,而结构-1动力学稳定性较差;3SiSHF在动力学上和热力学上都是最不稳定的结构.     

CuCl催化苯腙和丙炔酸甲酯Michael加成反应的机理研究

本文采用密度泛函理论(DFT)中的M05方法针对性的研究了以CuCl为催化剂催化苯腙和丙炔酸甲酯发生Michael加成的微观反应机理.采用Gaussian09程序,使用6-31+G*(Cu采用赝势基组LanL2DZ)对化学反应过程中的反应物、中间体、过渡态分子的几何构型进行了优化,同时进行了频率计算,所有过渡态都有唯一虚频,中间体和过渡态分子结构的合理性得到了确认.通过自然键轨道(NBO)理论分析了分子轨道间的相互作用.通过理论计算发现CuCl催化苯腙和丙炔酸甲酯发生Michael加成反应的位点在苯腙的N原子上,反应的速控步骤活化能为34.86 kcal/mol,相关的理论研究结果与实验反应现象相吻合.     

溶剂对镍连二硫烯与乙烯反应的影响

用密度泛函理论在B3LYP/6-31G(d)水平上计算得到了镍连二硫烯与乙烯反应的势能面上各驻点(反应物、中间体、产物和两个过渡态)的分子几何构型、电荷分布和一些热力学参数等，研究了溶剂对镍连二硫烯与乙烯反应的影响.结果发现，随着溶剂极性的增强，乙烯和镍连二硫烯之间的成键作用增强，两个过渡态的前线轨道能量差增大，而产物和中间体的前线轨道能量差却减小，同时各驻点的溶剂稳定化能也减小.进一步，这表明溶剂极性增强能提高产物的稳定性，有利于反应的进行.此外，当溶剂相对介电常数1.00≤ε≤7.58时     

三种磺酰脲类除草剂水解反应机理的理论研究

采用量子化学从头算方法在HF/6-31G(d)水平上对氯磺隆、甲嘧磺隆和氟嘧磺隆三种典型的磺酰脲类除草剂在酸性和中性条件下水解反应的机理进行理论研究,分别优化了各反应途径中反应物、过渡态、中间体以及产物的几何构型,并通过振动分析确定反应的过渡态和中间体的真实性。同时,在B3LYP/6-31G(d)水平上计算各驻点的单点能,以及溶剂效应对水解反应的影响。从能量上看,酸性条件更有利于水解反应的进行,与实验结果较为吻合.     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Hybrid Wavelength and Code Division Multiple Access in Optical Networks

A review of schemes for multiple access in fiber optic networks shows that a hybrid of wavelength and code division multiple access (WCDMA) combines the best features of both. In particular, the hybrid scheme retains the large information carrying capacity of wavelength division multiple access (WDMA) and flexibility of code division multiple access (CDMA). In this paper WDMA, optical CDMA (OCDMA), and WCDMA networks are discussed. In OCDMA networks, concept of incoherent and coherent coding including inverse decoding and matched filter is introduced. The delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks, under the simple suboptimum access protocols based on cyclic search, is computed. It has been shown quantitatively that tuning delay significantly affects the delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks. Futhermore, delay performance of WCDMA networks is always better than the WDMA networks for the same tuning delay, load, and number of users.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Measurement of nonlinear coefficient of optical fiber based on small chirped soliton transmission

We measure the waveform and phase curves of short optical pulses before and after transmission over different lengths of fibers by use of the pulse analyzer with the frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG),and numerically simulate pulse evolution under the experimental conditions.The nonlinear coefficient of the fiber is given by comparing the experimental results with the numerical ones.Difference between the experiment and numerical simulation is analyzed.     

Resonance scattering of canonical elastic shells in absorbing fluid medium

Resonance scattering of elastic spherical shell and cylindrical shell while the surrounding fluid medium has absorption is studied. The normal mode solution derived using exact elastic theory and the separation of variables is still applicable. However, the scattering form function has to be modified for the absorbing medium, otherwise the unreasonable result would be obtained. The backscattering form function in the absorbing medium is redefined, and the form function of elastic spherical and cylindrical shell with vacuum or solid matter filled is calculated in various absorption conditions. The results show that the absorption of surrounding fluid leads to notable attenuation of the coincidence resonances in the mid-frequency, but it has a little influence on the low-frequency resonance scattering induced by the filler inside the shell.     

Single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance sensor with high detection resolution

A versatile and low-cost single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance(SPR)sensing system with ultra-high resolution performance is presented.The system exhibits a root-mean-square phase fluctuation of ±0.0028.over a period of 45 min.i.e.a resolution of±5.2×10-9 refractive index units.The enhanced performance has been achieved through the incorporation of three design elements:a true single-beam configuration enabling complete self-referencing so that only the phase change associated with SPR gets detected,a differential measurement scheme to eliminate spurious signals not related to the sensor response,and the elimination of retardation drifts by incorporating temperature stabilization in the liquid crystal phase modulato .Our design should bring the detection sensitivity of non-labeling SPR biosensing closer to that achievable by conventional fluorescence-based techniques.     

Influences of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold of Ta2O5 films

Ta2O5 films are prepared on BK7 substrates with conventional electron beam evaporation deposition.The effects of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) of the films are investigated.The results show that SiO2 protective layers exert little influence on the electric field intensity(EFI)distribution,microstructure and microdefect density but increase the absorption slightly.Annealing iS effective on decreasing the microdefect density and the absorption of the films.Both SiO2 protective layers and annealing are beneficial to the damage resistance of the films and the latter is more effective to improve the LIDT.Moreover,the maximal LIDT of Ta2O5 films is achieved by the combination of SiO2 protective layers and annealing.