Relativity,Gravitation and Cosmology,by Robert J.A. Lambourne

Physique des Particules. Edited by C. de Witt and C. Itzykson. (Gordon and Breech, 1973.) [Pp. xvi+537.] £13.55. Scope: Summer school lectures. Level: Specialist/post-graduate.

Colour Centres and Imperfections in Insulators and Semiconductors. By P. D. Townsend and J. C. Kelly. (Sussex University Press, 1973.) [Pp. vii + 229.] Hard £5.00; paper £3.00. Scope: Textbook. Level: Specialist/post-graduate; undergraduate (fina1 year).

The Physics of Elementary Particles. By L. J. Tassie. (Longmans, 1973.) [Pp. xi+255.] £2.95. Scope: Textbook. Level: Undergraduate.

Particles and Nuclei. Vol. 1, Part 1. By N. N. Bogolyubov. (Plenum Press, 1972.) [Pp. 189.] $46. Scope: Library. Level: For specialists only.

Particles and Nuclei. Vol. 2. By N. N. Bogulyubov. (Plenum Press, 1972.) [Pp. 309.] $92.00. Scope: Library. Level: For specialists only.

The Large Scale Structure of Space-Time. By S. W. Hawking and G. F. R. ELLIS. (Cambridge University Press 1973). [Pp. xi+391.] £10.00. Scope: Treatise/Textbook. Level: Specialist/post-graduate.

General Physics Workbook. (Physics Problems and how to solve them.) By Foster Strong. (W. H. Freeman and Son, San Franciso, Oct, 1972.) [pp. 502.] £2.50. Scope: Textbook. Level: Undergraduate; School.

Planck's Original Papera in Quantum Physics. Edited by Hans Kangro. (Taylor and Francis, 1972.) [Pp. viii+ 60.] 75p. Scope: Textbook. Level: Undergraduate.

Quantum Physics and Ordinary Language. By T. Bergstein. (Macmillan, 1972.) [Pp. xii+ 81.] £3.00. Scope: Treatise. Level: General reader.

The Use of the Scanning Electron Microscope. By J. W. S. Hearle, J. T. Sparrow and P. M. Cross. (Pergamon, 1972.) [Pp. xi+278.] £8.80. Scope: Survey. Level: Specialist/post-graduate.

Defects in Crystalline Solids. By B. Henderson. (Arnold, 1972.) [Pp. ix+203.] Cloth £6.00; Paper £3.00. Scope: Textbook. Level: Undergraduate.

An Introduction to Lattice Dynamics. By A. K. Ghatak and L. S. Khothari. (Addison-Wesley, 1972.) [Pp. vi+234.] $11.50. Scope: Textbook. Level: Post-graduate.

Case Studies in Atomic Collision Physics (2). Editors E. W. McDaniel and M. R. C. McDowell. (North-Holland, 1972.) [Pp. xiv+649.] Hfl 150.00, $47.00. Scope: Treatise/Textbook. Level: Specialist/post-graduate.

Theory of Seismic Head Waves. By V. Cerveny and R. Ravindra. (University of Toronto Press, London; Oxford University Press, 1972.) [Pp. xvi + 312.] £8.75. Scope: Treatise/textbook. Level: Specialist/postgraduate.

An Introduction to the Ionosphere and Magnetosphere. By J. A. Ratcliffe. (Cambridge University Press, 1972.) [Pp. x + 256.] £4.00. Scope: Textbook; library. Level: Postgraduate; undergraduate; school.

Optics. By C. S. Williams and A. Becklund. (John Wiley, 1972.) [Pp. xiv+397.] £7.50. Scope: Textbook; library (reference). Level: For specialists only; specialist.

Principles of Activation Analysis. By Paul Kruger. (John Wiley &; Sons Ltd., 1971.) [Pp. xi+522.] £11.75. Scope: Treatise/Textbook. Level: Undergraduate.

Colloidal and Morphological Behaviour of Block and Graft Polymers. Edited by G. E. Molau. (Plenum Press, 1971.) [Pp. xvi+ 327.] $14.50.

Spin and Isospin. By P. A. Carruthers. (Gordon &; Breach. 1971.) [Pp. ix+288.] £8.10 Scope: Textbook; library (reference). Level: For specialists only; specialist/postgraduate.

Nuclear Reactions and Nuclear Structure. By P. E. Hodgson. (Clarendon Press: Oxford University Press, 1971.) [Pp. xi+661.] £14.50. Scope: Treatise/textbook. Level: Specialist/postgraduate.

Magnetic Resonance in Metals. By J. Winter. (Clarendon Press: Oxford University Press; 1971.) [Pp. xiii+205.] £5.50.

Concepts of Atomic Physics. By D. A. Jackson. (McGraw-Hill, 1971.) [Pp. 170.] £2.50. Scope: Textbook. Level: Undergraduate.

An Introduction to the Theory of Atomic Spectra. By I. I. Sobel'Man, translated by T. F. L. LeVierge, and edited by G.K.Woodgate. (Pergamon Press, 1972.) [Pp. xvi+ 609.] £18.00. Scope: Textbook; library (reference). Level: Specialist/postgraduate.

The Jahn-Teller Effect in Molecules and Crystals. By R. Englman. (Wiley-Interscience, 1972.) [Pp. xx+ 350.] £8.00. Scope: Treatise. Level: For specialists only.

Algebraic Methods in Statistical Mechanics and Quantum Field Theory. By G. G. Emch. (Wiley-Interscience, 1972.) [Pp. xiv+ 333.] £7.85. Scope: Textbook. Level: For specialists only.

Statistical Mechanics and Quantum Field Theory. (Les Houches Summer School, 1970). Edited by C. DeWitt and R. Stora. (Gordon &; Breach, 1971.) [Pp. xvi+ 552.] £0.00. Scope: Treatise. Level: Postgraduate.

Group Theory and the Coulomb Problem. By M. J. Englefield. (John Wiley, 1972.) [Pp. viii+ 120.] £4.75. Scope: Textbook. Level: Postgraduate.

Statistical Properties of Nuclei. Edited by J. B. Garg. (Plenum Press, 1972,) [Pp. xxiv+ 665.] $37.00. Scope: Conference Proceedings. Level: For specialists only.

Theoretical Solid State Physics. (Volume 1). By A. Haug. (Pergamon. 1972.) [Pp. xiv+ 497.] £7.00. Scope: Textbook. Level: Postgraduate; undergraduate.

Analytic Properties of Feynmn Diagrams in Quantum Field Theory. By I. T. Todorov. (Pergamon, 1971.) [Pp. xvi+ 152.] £3.75. Scope: Treatise. Level: For specialists only.

Progress in Solid State Chemistry, Vol. 7. Edited by H. Reiss and J. O. McCaldin. (Pergamon Press, 1972.) [Pp. xi+275.] £10.00. Scope: Survey. Level: Specialist/post-graduate.

Introduction to Particle Physics. By R. Omn$eGs. (John Wiley, 1971.) [Pp. xiii+ 414.] £6.00. Scope: Textbook. Level: Postgraduate.

Plasma, the Fourth State of Matter. By D. A. Frank-Kamenetskii. (Plenum Press, 1972.) [Pp. viii+ 159.] $14.00. Scope: Treatise. Level: Undergraduate.

Computer Aided Design. (Institution of Electrical Engineers, 1972.) [Pp. viii+ 431.] £11.90.

Trends in On-line Computer Systems. (Institution of Electrical Engineers, 1972.) [Pp. v+ 217.] £8.00. Scope: Conference proceedings. Level: Specialist/postgraduate.

Introduction to the Principles of Electromagnetism. By W. Hauser. (Addison-Wesley, 1971.) [Pp. xiv+ 623.] £7.00. Scope: Textbook. Level: Postgraduate; undergraduate.

Dynamica, Electricity and Magnetism. By E. W. Laing and W. McFarlane. (Oliver and Boyd, 1972.) [Pp. vii+ 156.] £1.75. Scope: Textbook. Level: Undergraduate.

Nineteenth Century Aether Theories. By K. F. Schaffner. (Pergamon, printed in Hungary, 1972.) [Pp. ix+ 278.] £3.25. Scope: Textbook; survey. Level: General reader; undergraduate.

Mechanics and Electrodynamics. By L. D. Landau and E. M. Lifshitz. (Pergamon. 1972.) [Pp. xiii+ 282.] £3.00. Scope: Textbook. Level: Postgraduate; undergraduate.

Theory of the Unmagnetized Plasma. By D. C. Montgomery. (Gordon and Breach, 1971.) [Pp. 416.] £7.30, Scope: Treatise. Level: Specialist/postgraduate.

Amorphous Materials. Edited by R. W. Douglas and B. Ellis. (Wiley-Interscience, 1972.) [Pp. xviii+ 550.] £9.00. Scope: Conference proceedings; survey; library. Level: For specialists only; specialist/postgraduate.     

Advanced Mechanics and General Relativity,by J. Franklin

Ion Coulomb crystals, formed by atomic ions at low temperatures in radiofrequency and Penning ion traps, are structures that have remarkable properties and many applications. Images of Coulomb crystals are striking and reveal the crystal structure, which arises from a balance between the trapping forces acting on the ions and their mutual Coulomb repulsion. Applications of these structures range from frequency standards and quantum simulation through to measurement of the cross-sections of chemical reactions of ions.     

Relativity,thermodynamics and entropic forces

A recent assertion that inertial and gravitational forces are entropic forces is discussed. A more conventional approach is stressed herein, whereby entropy is treated as a result of relative motion between observers in different frames of reference. It is demonstrated that the entropy associated with inertial and gravitational forces is dependent upon the well known lapse function of general relativity. An interpretation of the temperature and entropy of an accelerating body is then developed, and used to relate the entropic force to Newton's second law of motion. The entropic force is also derived in general coordinates. An expression of the gravitational entropy of in‐falling matter is then derived by way of Schwarzschild coordinates. As a final consideration, the entropy of a weakly gravitating matter distribution is shown to be proportional to the self‐energy and the stress‐energy‐momentum content of the matter distribution.     

Hydrodynamics, Particle Relabelling and Relativity

Using the wave equation as an example, it is shown how to extend the hydrodynamic Lagrangian-picture method of constructing field evolution using a continuum of trajectories to second-order theories. The wave equation is represented through Eulerian-picture models that are distinguished by their Lorentz transformation properties. Introducing the idea of the relativity of the particle label, it is demonstrated how the corresponding trajectory models are compatible with the relativity principle. It is also shown how the Eulerian variational formulation may be obtained by canonical transformation from the Lagrangian picture, and how symmetries in the Lagrangian picture may be used to generate Eulerian conserved charges.     

General Relativity,Strings, and Mathematical Physics

We give a historical review of some aspects of string theory relevant to our present understanding of General Relativity, and connected with Einstein's unification program. We also point out to various mathematical fallouts of string theory.     

Strong-Coupled Relativity Without Relativity

GR can be interpreted as a theory of evolving 3-geometries. A recent such formulation, the 3-space approach of Barbour, Foster and Ó'Murchadha, also permits the construction of a limited number of other theories of evolving 3-geometries, including conformal gravity and strong gravity. In this paper, we use the 3-space approach to construct a 1-parameter family of theories which generalize strong gravity. The usual strong gravity is the strong-coupled limit of GR, which is appropriate near singularities and is one of very few regimes of GR which is amenable to quantization. Our new strong gravity theories are similar limits of scalar-tensor theories such as Brans–Dicke theory, and are likewise appropriate near singularities. They represent an extension of the regime amenable to quantization, which furthermore spans two qualitatively different types of inner product.We find that these strong gravity theories permit coupling only to ultralocal matter fields and that they prevent gauge theory. Thus in the classical picture, gauge theory breaks down (rather than undergoing unification) as one approaches the GR initial singularity.     

Spatial Directions,Anisotropy and Special Relativity

The concept of an objective spatial direction in special relativity is investigated and theories assuming light-speed isotropy while accepting the existence of a privileged spatial direction are classified, including so-called very special relativity. A natural generalization of the proper time principle is introduced which makes it possible to devise non-optical experimental tests of spatial isotropy. Several common misunderstandings in the relativistic literature concerning the role of spatial isotropy are clarified.