基于长春西汀酸的荧光偏振免疫方法测定磺胺二甲氧基嘧啶

合成了荧光标记物长春西汀酸和示踪物磺胺二甲氧基嘧啶-长春胺酸,并采用薄层色谱法对示踪物进行提纯.以磺胺二甲氧基嘧啶为分析对象,利用示踪物与磺胺二甲氧基嘧啶抗体的特异性反应,采用荧光偏振免疫分析方法(FPIA)研究了荧光标记物的荧光光谱特性.此荧光标记物在357 nm的激发光下,于453 nm处产生一个荧光发射峰;以荧光素为对照,考察了本方法的灵敏性.结果显示,荧光素的检出限仅为2.7 μg/L,而本方法的检测范围为0.5～146 μg/L,检出限达到0.5 μg/L.本方法的RSD为3.0%,重现性好;其它磺胺类药物对磺胺二甲氧基嘧啶的测定不产生明显干扰.运用本方法检测了饲料中磺胺二甲氧基嘧啶,结果与HPLC法相吻合.     

荧光偏振免疫分析法研究17种磺胺类药物与抗体亲和力的构效关系

应用4株磺胺二甲基嘧啶(SMZ)多克隆抗体和5种不同结构的荧光标记物(Tracer)建立了荧光偏振免疫分析(FPIA)检测SMZ的方法. 讨论了4株多抗对SMZ的检测灵敏度和对17种磺胺类药物(SAs)的相对亲和力趋势, 从药物分子二维结构上探讨了多抗对小分子抗原的识别能力. 结果表明, 3号多抗对SMZ的灵敏度最高, 但是4株多抗对17种SAs的相对亲和力趋势相似, 说明抗体对抗原的结合力大小与抗原的化学结构有关.     

牛奶中12种磺胺类药物残留的高效液相色谱测定方法

建立了高效液相色谱(HPLC)检测牛奶中12种磺胺类药物(磺胺二甲基嘧啶、磺胺间甲氧嘧啶、磺胺甲噁唑、磺胺对甲氧嘧啶、磺胺喹噁啉、磺胺氯哒嗪、磺胺氯吡嗪、磺胺嘧啶、磺胺噻唑、磺胺甲基嘧啶、磺胺甲噻二唑、磺胺地索辛)残留的方法,考察了样品的提取、净化及色谱分析条件。牛奶样经乙酸乙酯提取、固相萃取净化后上机分析,11种磺胺药物标准曲线在10~800μg/L,SM2在5~200μg/L质量浓度范围内相关系数r>0.999,回收率为76%~106%,相对标准偏差小于15.9%。检出限为5~8μg/L,定量下限为14~27μg/L。     

规模化养殖场废水中抗生素种类及残留特征研究

2010年调查了海南省6家规模化养猪场抗生素使用品种及来源,并采集养殖废水样品,用高效液相色谱紫外检测器检测了样品中4种四环素(四环素、土霉素、金霉素和强力霉素)和8种磺胺类药物(磺胺嘧啶、磺胺甲噻唑、磺胺噻唑、磺胺二甲基嘧啶、磺胺氯哒嗪、磺胺邻二甲氧嘧啶、磺胺间二甲氧嘧啶和磺胺喹恶啉)的残留浓度水平。结果显示,6家养殖场废水中土霉素、四环素和磺胺嘧啶的检出率及检出浓度较高,其中土霉素检出率为100%,最高浓度为71.75μg/L;四环素检出率为63%,最高检出浓度为24.83μg/L;磺胺嘧啶检出率为83%,最高检出浓度为17.69μg/L。4种四环素类检出总量变化范围为18.25～99.64μg/L,8种磺胺类检出总量变化范围为3.45～24.49μg/L;从养殖规模上看,小规模养殖场抗生素类检出品种较多,检出浓度也较高。     

UPLC法检测渔用饲料中八种磺胺类药物残留的研究

本文通过对多组样品的试验测定,建立了一种渔用饲料中8种常用磺胺(磺胺嘧啶、磺胺甲基嘧啶、磺胺二甲基嘧啶、磺胺噻唑、磺胺甲基异噁唑、磺胺多辛、磺胺异噁唑和磺胺喹噁啉)的超高效液相色谱检测法。具体是:样品经2%乙酸浸润,4℃预冷的乙腈提取,碱性氧化铝柱净化,用Symmetry-C18色谱柱(5μm,4.6×150mm),2%乙酸-甲醇梯度洗脱,紫外检测,检测波长270nm。结果表明,8种磺胺的定量底限为2mg/kg,在0.5~20μg/m L内,线性关系良好,R20.99。添加水平10mg/kg时,8种磺胺类药物的平均回收率范围为70%~100%,RSD15。该方法回收率高,简单,准确可靠,可用于渔用饲料中磺胺类药物残留的监测。     

分散液液微萃取-高效液相色谱法测定水中磺胺类药物残留

建立了分散液液微萃取-高效液相色谱法测定水样中氨苯磺胺、磺胺嘧啶,磺胺二甲基嘧啶3种磺胺药物残留的检测方法。对萃取剂、分散剂的种类和体积、pH、盐浓度等影响萃取效率的因素进行了优化。在最优的萃取条件下,3种抗菌药的测定线性范围为1~1000μg/L,r≥0.9997,检出限为0.07~0.25μg/L(S/N=3)。应用于5种不同水样中磺胺类抗菌药残留的分析,目标分析物的加标回收率在82.0%~104.0%之间,相对标准偏差小于5.9%。     

光化学—荧光分析法研究——Ⅳ.磺胺嘧啶的光化学-荧光测定法

本文利用光化学反应,采用荧光检测手段,建立了磺胺嘧啶的光化学-荧光分析法。该法的线性范围为0.02～3.2μg/ml,检测限为0.02μg/ml,0.8μg/ml磺胺嘧啶标样的测定的相对标准偏差为2.6％(n=12)。该法用于磺胺嘧啶的测定,结果满意,回收率为92.8～106.9％,平均回收率98.8％(n=6)。该法操作简便、快速,容易实现在线分析。应用质谱、红外光谱、纸色谱、薄层色谱以及同步扫描荧光光谱等手段,对该光化反应过程进行了初步探讨,提出了一种可能的光化反应机制。     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱测定熟肉制品中磺胺嘧啶和氯霉素药物残留

建立了一种应用高效液相色谱-串联质谱法(HPLC-MS/MS)同时检测熟肉制品中磺胺嘧啶和氯霉素药物残留的方法。样品经乙腈多次提取,正己烷去脂,采用乙酸铵-乙腈体系为流动相,梯度洗脱分离,电喷雾多反应监测模式同时质谱检测。磺胺嘧啶和氯霉素分别在5～500μg/kg和0.1～10μg/kg的线性范围内线性相关系数(R2)均大于0.999,其检出限分别为5μg/kg和0.1μg/kg。磺胺嘧啶和氯霉素在熟肉制品中的回收率分别为78.6%～94.4%和68.7%～86.3%。     

荧光偏振免疫分析方法快速检测沙拉沙星残留

以异硫氰酸荧光素(FITC)标记沙拉沙星合成荧光标记物,采用薄层色谱法提纯,优化了反应时间、标记物和抗体的工作浓度,建立了沙拉沙星的快速荧光偏振免疫分析法( FPIA).本方法测定沙拉沙星在缓冲液中的半数抑制浓度(IC50)为43.2 μg/L;检测范围为5.7～327 μg/L,可以达到国家规定的动物性食品中兽药最高残留限量(80 μg/kg)的要求.本研究考察了FPIA测定沙拉沙星的动力学过程及对其它4种喹诺酮类药物的交叉反应.结果表明,环丙沙星、恩诺沙星、加替沙星及氧氟沙星的交叉反应率分别为3.3％,1.8％,1.7％和0.7％.在牛奶和猪尿中沙拉沙星的回收率分别在71％～94％和74％～102％之间.本方法操作简单快捷,整个检测过程只需5 min、而且灵敏度较高、特异性强,适用于动物性食品中沙拉沙星残留的快速筛选检测.     

猪肉中四种磺胺类药物残留的快速HPLC测定法

本文研究了一种快速、方便的测定猪肉中四种磺胺类药物;磺胺嘧啶(SDZ)、磺胺甲基噻啶(SMR)、磺胺二甲嘧啶(SMZ)、磺胺噬啶(STH)的高效液相色谱法。采用乙腈、氯仿提取样品,液液分配净化,再以RP-HPLC分离,紫外检测器254nm波长下检测定量、空白样品添加0.05～0.2mg/kg四种磺胺药物,回收率在74～85%的范围内;变异系数为2～7%;可检测出样品中低至5μg/kg的磺胺药物残留。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Selective syntheses of 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones via temperature-dependent Rh(II)-carbenoid-mediated 2H-azirine-ring expansion

The Rh(II)-catalyzed reaction of 2-carbonyl-substituted 2H-azirines with ethyl 2-cyano-2-diazoacetate or 2-diazo-3,3,3-trifluoropropionate provides an easy access to 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones. These compounds can be selectively prepared from the same starting material using temperature as the only varied parameter. The 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, a common precursor for both heterocyclic products, isomerizes into 2H-1,3-oxazine under kinetic control, while 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-one is the sole product of the reaction at elevated temperatures. According to DFT-calculations a one-atom oxazine ring contraction involving ring-opening to a 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, followed by a 1,5- and 1,2-prototropic shift leads to the consecutive formation of imidoylketene and azomethine ylide, which then further undergo cyclization to the pyrrole derivative.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.