离子交换树脂的选择及柠檬酸溶液循环使用研究

用离子交换树脂法吸附柠檬酸溶液中的金属离子,苯乙烯系阳离子交换树脂的吸附性能较好,它对镍、铝离子的吸附容量均较大,且吸附前后柠檬酸溶液的浓度变化较小.静态条件下树脂对镍的吸附容量为16.83mg Ni/g干树脂,对铝为21.36mg Al/g干树脂;动态条件下树脂对镍的吸附容量为6.78mg Ni/g干树脂,对铝为31.8mgAl/g干树脂,吸附液流速为1m/h～3m/h.吸附后的柠檬酸溶液可循环使用.当用1mol/L硫酸解吸时,树脂对镍铝的解吸率可达90%以上.当硫酸中Ni2 为1.70mmol/L,Al3 为7.40mmol/L时,树脂的解吸率仍可达80%以上.     

A comparison of preconcentration reagents for flow injection analysis flame atomic spectrometry

A small range of new commercially available chelating resins are compared with a resin prepared in-house in terms of their applicability for on-line preconcentration and matrix separation. The flow injection manifold was designed for rapid matrix separation and the resins were tested for the determination of Cull, ZnII, CdII, MnII and NiII. The resin based on controlled pore glass was found to be better for this rapid procedure because it did not require conditioning, although the polymer based resins had better capacities. The commercially available controlled pore glass based iminodiacetate (IDA) resin had a comparable performance to the in-house controlled pore glass 8-hydroxyquinoline (CPG-8-HQ) resin. The IDA resin had a much higher capacity than the 8-HQ, however as with all IDA based resins, some retention of Call was observed. The sample throughput was 12 h⁻¹.     

树脂对化工废水中有毒有机化合物的吸附作用机理与技术研究

超高交联吸附树脂对多种芳香有机化合物较高的吸附容量主要源于其密集的微孔和双峰孔分布.对大孔吸附树脂及超高交联吸附树脂采用不同极性功能基团进行化学修饰可以制得系列离子交换与吸附双重功能吸附树脂,该类树脂对亲水性有机污染物同时具有疏水、静电、络合等多重作用.丙烯酸酯类吸附树脂在吸附芳香磺酸盐时,树脂的骨架和功能基团对吸附过程都有重要的贡献.     

有机胺修饰具有较大孔径介孔材料的二氧化碳吸附性能

以非离子表面活性剂P123为模板剂,正硅酸甲酯为硅源,通过加入不同的扩孔剂制得具有较大孔径的SBA-15类介孔材料,并采用粉末X射线衍射(XRD)、低温氮气吸附-脱附、扫描电镜(SEM)、傅里叶变换红外(FTIR)光谱等手段对所得样品进行了表征.加入扩孔剂可以明显增大介孔材料的孔容和孔径,而异辛烷为扩孔剂的扩孔效果明显优于四氯化碳.经四乙烯五胺(TEPA)镀饰后,这些样品均表现出良好的CO2吸附性能.其中对于除去模板剂后再镀胺的样品,其CO2吸附能力与介孔材料孔道结构关系不大,而对于未除模板剂的原粉镀胺样品,CO2吸附能力则随孔道的变大而增强.此外,通过吸附等温线和CO2-程序升温脱附(TPD)手段比较了温度和压力对CO2吸附的影响,发现在较高温度下吸附时CO2的吸附能力随压力的变化存在显著差别,因而在这类TEPA修饰的介孔材料上可通过变压吸附的途径来实现对环境气流中CO2的吸附和分离.     

低交换量混胺树脂的合成及其对绞股蓝皂甙的吸附性能

高交联聚苯乙烯型树脂S-008(Ⅰ)氯甲基化后,以不同比例的三甲胺/二甲胺混合胺或三甲按/二乙醇胺混合胺胺化,合成了同时含有季铵和叔氨基的混胺树脂Ⅱ-Ⅺ,研究了它们对绞股蓝皂甙的吸附性能,发现树脂的比表面和极性基团对其吸附量均有明显影响,此外,这些树脂对绞股蓝皂甙呈现出一定的吸附选择性和良好的解吸选择性。     

STUDIES ON THE ADSORPTION OF PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS ON A PS-BASED RESIN MODIFIED BY NITRO FUNCTIONAL GROUPS

A new adsorbent (JN-01) was prepared by modifying resin NDA-1800 with nitro functional groups.The adsorption capacities of resins XAD-4,NDA-1800 and JN-01 were investigated,and the results indicated that the modified resin JN-01 was much better in adsorbing phenol,p-nitrophenol and p-cresol.The adsorption capacities of the resin JN-01 were higher than those of the resins XAD-4 and NDA-1800 within a temperature range of 283-323 K,which might be attributed to the higher surface area and the partial polarit...     

丙烯酸酯树脂对泰乐菌素的吸附

通过调节单体、交联剂和致孔剂的种类及数量合成了一系列具有不同孔结构的丙烯酸酯树脂,并从中选出具有典型吸附差异的2种树脂,拥有适合的孔分布结构的三羟甲基丙烷三甲基丙烯酸甲酯(TRIM)聚合树脂(1#)和含酰胺基的三烯丙基异氰尿酸酯(TAIC)与TRIM共聚树脂(5#),与商业化大孔丙烯酸酯树脂XAD-7作比较,研究了丙烯酸酯树脂对泰乐菌素的吸附行为和机理。结果表明,树脂1#表现出了对泰乐菌素有最高的吸附量。3种吸附剂的吸附量随溶液pH值的升高呈增加趋势。吸附剂的吸附能力随溶液NaCl离子浓度的增强而提高,而对CuCl2则呈相反趋势,这是因为疏水作用和孔径排斥效应的贡献。泰乐菌素在3种吸附剂上的吸附动力学均符合准二级动力学模型,吸附等温线符合Langmuir模型。升高温度可以使树脂吸附能力增强,可能是“溶剂替代”效应所致。     

A WATER-COMPATIBLE PHENOLIC HYDROXYL MODIFIED POLYSTYRENE AS AN ADSORBENT FOR ADSORBING PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS

1. INTRUDUCTION As most phenolic compounds are extremely toxic at the concentrations discharged into accepting effluents, the removal or destruction of phenolic compounds from such streams has become a significant environmental task [1]. Increasing concern for public health and environmental quality has led to the establishment of limits on the acceptable environmental levels of specific pollutants [2]. Consequently there has been a growing interest in developing and implementing various …     

A WATER-COMPATIBLE PHENOLIC HYDROXYL MODIFIED POLYSTYRENE AS AN ADSORBENT FOR ADSORBING PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS

A water-compatible phenolic hydroxyl modified polystyrene adsorbent (AM-1) foradsorbing and removing phenolic compounds from aqueous solutions was prepared by covalent bonding of phenolic hydroxyl groups to the surface of porous polystyrene-divinylbenzene beads, this resin can be used directly without wetting process. A comparison of the sorption properties of the new resin and Amberlite XAD-4 toward four phenolic compounds, phenol, p-cresol, p-chlorophenol,and p-nitrophenol was made. The capacities of equilibrium adsorption of AM-l for all four phenolic compounds increased around 20% over that of Amberlite XAD-4, which may be contributed to phenol hydroxyl group on the surface and the unusual pore distributior. At their dilute solution, the equilibrium adsorption capacities of AM-1 for phenol increased about 62% over that of Amberlite X4D-4, while equilibrium adsorption capacities of the other three phenolic compounds increased 4-35%, suggesting an advantage of AM-I over Amberlite XAD-4 in the collection of phenol.Freundlich isotherm equations and isosteric adsorption enthalpies for the four phenolic compounds indicate a physical adsorption process on the Amberlite XAD-4 and AM-I resins. Column studies for phenol show that AM-1 resin has excellent adsorption and desorption performance.     

胺基修饰大孔树脂对腐殖酸的吸附研究

研究了腐殖酸在胺基修饰大孔树脂D-301上的吸附行为,并与胺基修饰超高交联树脂NDA-99和大孔非极性树脂XAD-4作对比,结果表明,带有弱碱性基团的大孔亲水性树脂D-301对腐殖酸的吸附效果优于XAD-4和NDA-99,这主要得益于D-301树脂大孔结构和表面胺基修饰.探讨了溶液pH值和重金属离子对D-301树脂吸附腐殖酸的影响,并对作用机理进行了初步探讨.     

Effects of porous polystyrene resin parameters on Candida antarctica lipase B adsorption, distribution, and polyester synthesis activity

Polystyrene resins with varied particle sizes (35 to 350-600 microm) and pore diameters (300-1000 A) were employed to study the effects of immobilization resin particle size and pore diameter on Candida antarctica Lipase B (CALB) loading, distribution within resins, fraction of active sites, and catalytic properties for polyester synthesis. CALB adsorbed rapidly (saturation time 相似文献   

Comparison of activated chromatography resins for protein immobilization

The adsorption of bovine serum albumin (BSA) to an immobilized camelid‐derived antibody fragment was investigated using six different activated resins, of which two are prototypes. The resins differed in base material, coupling chemistry and particle size. The adsorption, washing and desorption stage of the affinity chromatography process were taken into account. Dynamic binding capacities at 10% breakthrough ranged between 0.76 and 4.8 mg BSA/mL resin. The washing volume ranged between 2.9 and 10 column volumes. One of the resins did not concentrate BSA, while the highest concentration was 13‐fold. We present a method to rank and weigh the properties of the resins to find the optimal resin to meet specific requirements. For three of the resins the adsorption flow rate was varied, while the washing and desorption flow rate was kept the same. The dynamic binding capacity decreased with increasing flow rate, as expected. For one resin, the washing volume remained constant, but for the others it decreased with increasing adsorption flow rate. The number of column volumes required to purify a given amount of BSA increases with increasing flow rate, which indicates that higher flow rates do not necessarily speed up the process.     

Pore network modelling: determination of the dynamic profiles of the pore diffusivity and its effect on column performance as the loading of the solute in the adsorbed phase varies with time

A three-dimensional pore network model for diffusion in porous adsorbent particles was employed in a dynamic adsorption model that simulates the adsorption of a solute in porous particles packed in a chromatographic column. The solution of the combined model yielded the dynamic profiles of the pore diffusion coefficient of beta-galactosidase along the radius of porous ion-exchange particles and along the length of the column as the loading of the adsorbate molecules on the surface of the pores occurred, and, the dynamic adsorptive capacity of the chromatographic column as a function of the design and operational parameters of the chromatographic system. The pore size distribution of the porous adsorbent particles and the chemistry of the adsorption sites were unchanged in the simulations. It was found that for a given column length the dynamic profiles of the pore diffusion coefficient were influenced by: (i) the superficial fluid velocity in the column, (ii) the diameter of the adsorbent particles and (iii) the pore connectivity of the porous structure of the adsorbent particles. The effect of the magnitude of the pore connectivity on the dynamic profiles of the pore diffusion coefficient increased as the diameter of the adsorbent particles and the superficial fluid velocity in the column increased. The dynamic adsorptive capacity of the column increased as: (a) the particle diameter and the superficial fluid velocity in the column decreased, and (b) the column length and the pore connectivity increased. In preparative chromatography, it is desirable to obtain high throughputs within acceptable pressure gradients, and this may require the employment of larger diameter adsorbent particles. In such a case, longer column lengths satisfying acceptable pressure gradients with adsorbent particles having higher pore connectivity values could provide high dynamic adsorptive capacities. An alternative chromatographic system could be comprised of a long column packed with large particles which have fractal pores (fractal particles) that have high pore connectivities and which allow high intraparticle diffusional and convective flow mass transfer rates providing high throughputs and high dynamic adsorptive capacities. If large scale monoliths could be made to be reproducible and operationally stable, they could also offer an alternative mode of operation that could provide high throughputs and high dynamic adsorptive capacities.     

3种树脂对水溶液中单宁吸附性能的比较研究

通过静态吸附实验,研究了大孔吸附树脂NG-8、胺基化大孔吸附树脂NG-9和胺基化超高交联大孔吸附树脂NDA-99对水溶液中单宁的吸附行为特性.结果表明,3种树脂对单宁的吸附均符合Langmuir等温吸附方程,树脂对单宁的吸附容量NG-9＞NG-8＞NDA-99;吸附过程符合准二级动力学方程,吸附速率常数NG-8＞NG-9＞NDA-99.树脂的孔结构与表面化学性质是影响树脂吸附性能的重要因素.     

EQUILIBRIUM AND KINETIC ADSORPTION OF A REACTIVE BLACK KNB DYE ON POLYDIVINYLBENZENE AND STYRENE-DIVINYLBENZENE COPOLYMER RESINS

In this study, two polymeric resins with different pore sizes were synthesized to study comparative adsorption of reactive black KNB dye. Styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer resin NG-8 has an average pore size of 3.82 nm, about half of that of polydivinylbenzene resin NG-7 （6.90 nm）. NG-8 also has a surface acidity about 4 times that of NG-7, resulting in a much more negative surface of the former resin as compared to the latter at pH 6.05. Equilibrium adsorption of KNB was significantly influenced by the surface functionality of the resins, as evidenced by the observations that NG-8 adsorbed constantly less KNB than NG-7 and that the presence of CaCl2 enhanced the adsorption by both resins. The intra-particle diffusion appears to be the primary rate-limiting process. While the pores of both resins are accessible to KNB, the slower adsorption by NG-8 than by NG-7 suggests that the smaller pores of NG-8 further retard the intra-particle diffusion of KNB.     

Effects of macroporous resin size on Candida antarctica lipase B adsorption, fraction of active molecules, and catalytic activity for polyester synthesis

Methyl methacrylate resins with identical average pore diameter (250 A) and surface area (500 m2/g) but with varied particle size (35 to 560-710 microm) were employed to study how immobilization resin particle size influences Candida antarctica Lipase B (CALB) loading, fraction of active sites, and catalytic properties for polyester synthesis. CALB adsorbed more rapidly on smaller beads. Saturation occurred in less than 30 s and 48 h for beads with diameters 35 and 560-710 microm, respectively. Linearization of adsorption isotherm data by the Scatchard analysis showed for the 35 microm resin that: (i) CALB loading at saturation was well below that required to form a monolayer and fully cover the support surface and (ii) CALB has a high affinity for this resin surface. Infrared microspectroscopy showed that CALB forms protein loading fronts for resins with particle sizes 560-710 and 120 microm. In contrast, CALB appears evenly distributed throughout 35 microm resins. By titration with p-nitrophenyl n-hexyl phosphate (MNPHP), the fraction of active CALB molecules adsorbed onto resins was <50% which was not influenced by particle size. The fraction of active CALB molecules on the 35 microm support increased from 30 to 43% as enzyme loading was increased from 0.9 to 5.7% (w/w) leading to increased activity for epsilon-caprolactone (epsilon-CL) ring-opening polymerization. At about 5% w/w CALB loading, by decreasing the immobilization support diameter from 560-710 to 120, 75, and 35 microm, conversion of epsilon-CL % to polyester increased (20 to 36, 42, and 61%, respectively, at 80 min). Similar trends were observed for condensation polymerizations between 1,8-octanediol and adipic acid.     

树脂填充聚醚砜纤维吸附剂对牛血清蛋白吸附性能的研究

重点研究树脂填充聚醚砜(PES)纤维吸附剂与模型蛋白质牛血清蛋白(BSA)之间的吸附与脱附行为.结果表明,蛋白质BSA在树脂填充PES纤维吸附剂中的平衡吸附过程较好地符合朗格缪尔吸附模型,树脂Lewatit CNP80ws填充PES吸附剂的最大吸附容量约为139mg BSA/g吸附剂.表面具有开孔结构的树脂填充PES纤维吸附剂的吸附速率较快,在不同结构纤维吸附剂中BSA的扩散系数在1·82×10-14~8·7×10-14m2/s范围内变化.另外,考察了BSA溶液的pH与洗脱剂等因素对吸附剂吸附与脱附性能的影响,研究结果对蛋白质的实际分离纯化具有重要的参考价值.     

胺基修饰的高度交联聚苯乙烯树脂对间苯二酚吸附行为研究

研究了AH系列胺基修饰的超高交联树脂对水溶液中间苯二酚的静态吸附行为特征,结果表明,它们对间苯二酚的吸附容量明显高于母体交联树脂NDA-100和大孔弱碱性阴离子交换树脂D301.AH系列树脂与吸附质分子之间不仅有范德华作用力,还存在着氢键等作用力.该类树脂对间苯二酚的吸附为自发的放热过程,属于以物理作用为主兼有弱化学作用的吸附过程.吸附速率符合准一级动力学方程,表观吸附速率常数随树脂胺基含量的升高而降低.     

胺功能化配体多孔配位聚合物材料的碳捕捉和封存研究进展

近十年,多孔配位聚合物(porous coordination polymers, PCPs)因其晶体结构中可调节的孔道尺寸、形状以及化学功能化,在小分子的选择性吸附及分离领域受到了极大的关注。基于环境问题的严峻性,胺功能化PCPs材料对煤电厂燃烧废气中CO2优异的选择性吸附性能,使其在该领域拥有较好的应用潜力。本文综述了含末端氨基配体的PCPs材料应用于二氧化碳捕捉及存储的代表性工作,并对所存在的问题及发展方向进行了分析总结。     

3种树脂对水溶液中对氯苯胺吸附性能的比较研究

通过静态吸附实验,研究了超高交联吸附树脂NDA-100、胺基化超高交联吸附树脂AH-1和AH-3对水溶液中对氯苯胺的吸附行为特性。结果表明,3种树脂吸附对氯苯胺均符合Langmuir等温吸附方程,吸附容量AH-1NDA-100AH-3。树脂的孔结构与表面化学性质是影响树脂吸附性能的重要因素。对氯苯胺在3种树脂上的吸附容量随溶液中氯化钠含量和pH值的升高而升高。