透明陶瓷透光性能的影响因素

 研究了影响激光透明陶瓷透光性能的主要因素,讨论了陶瓷内部气孔和杂质颗粒等散射粒子、晶界结构中晶界折射率与晶粒折射率的差异以及晶界表面粗糙度等因素对陶瓷透光性能的影响,并定量分析了激光陶瓷透过率随气孔尺寸、气孔率、晶粒相对晶界折射率以及晶界表面粗糙度的变化关系。结果表明： 陶瓷的透过率随着气孔率的减小而增大,但透过率随气孔尺寸的增大而呈现出周期性振荡,且当气孔尺寸与入射光波长可比拟时,陶瓷的透过率会明显降低;在晶界结构中,晶界的折射率与晶粒的折射率相差越小,陶瓷的透过率就越高;晶界表面粗糙度越大,透过率越低。然而,晶界折射率不同于晶粒折射率,这使得其陶瓷透过率降低的程度比对晶界表面粗糙度的影响明显得多。在陶瓷制备过程中,需要重点排除尺寸与入射波长可比拟的气孔, 以抑制晶界结构中第二相的产生。     

透明激光陶瓷散射损耗分析

 为了定量分析激光陶瓷中散射损耗对其透过率的影响,通过建立气孔尺寸分布模型,引入第二相体积比概念,并结合Mie散射、瑞利散射和全散射积分等理论,讨论了激光陶瓷中气孔、晶界第二相和表面粗糙度等引起的散射损耗对激光陶瓷透光性能的影响。研究结果表明：气孔率的大小将明显影响陶瓷透过率,且气孔尺寸分布决定了透过率包络的变化趋势;晶界和表面散射对透过率的影响主要集中在短波长处;在气孔率较低情况下,晶界第二相的存在是导致短波长处透过率急剧降低的主要因素。     

气孔率对陶瓷激光器性能影响及控制方法

透明激光陶瓷以其特有的优越性能,有望继单晶材料后成为新型高功率固体激光器的工作材料.制备高光学质量、高激光效率,高输出功率的透明陶瓷是目前的研究重点和热点.烧结而成的多晶陶瓷存在一定量的晶界以及气孔缺陷.文章介绍了气孔率与陶瓷激光器性能的关系及控制陶瓷材料气孔率的最新研究进展.研究发现,气孔率对激光陶瓷的散射系数、透过...     

高功率激光传输过程中散射点对光束质量的影响

为了研究高功率激光传输过程中不透明颗粒引起的光束调制,通过分析这些不透明颗粒的形状和分布特点,建立了位置呈随机分布的高斯状散射点模型,从光束的衍射理论和干涉叠加理论出发,得到该模型下散射点对传输光束质量影响的解析式。数值分析了高斯状散射点的大小、密度、散射面积比及其传输距离对输出光束的近场分布、位相分布和光束透过率的影响,结果显示亚毫米量级散射点的衍射效应引起最大调制可达1．4,光学元件散射面积比小于0．003时才能满足元件透过率大于99．5％的需求。该结果可用于评价高功率激光装置光学元件的加工状况,并对光学元件加工要求和激光装置的洁净度要求有指导意义。     

1 319和1 338 nm双波长Nd:YAG脉冲激光输出实验研究

 根据计算得到的双波长激光振荡的阈值条件,激光实验中对全反镜镀制1 319和1 338 nm的全反膜（其反射率大于99.73%,而对1 064 nm激光的反射率约为7%）;输出镜采用对1 064 nm强谱线95%的高透过率,而对1 319和1 338 nm谱线的透过率分别为34.7%,32.5%,有效抑制了强线1 064 nm振荡,成功实现了1 319和1 338 nm Nd:YAG同时双波长激光脉冲输出。当输入能量为125 J时,1 319和1 338 nm脉冲双波长激光的单脉冲总输出能量为0.89 J,电-光转换效率为0.71%,斜率效率为0.89%。输出的双波长激光的中心波长分别在1 318.8和1 338.2 nm处,谱线宽度（FWHM）分别为0.35和0.48 nm,强度之比为36:44。     

小斜率近似在粗糙面激光散射BRDF计算中的应用

基于小斜率近似法建立了粗糙面激光散射双向反射分布函数的数学模型,采用该模型计算了粗糙度参量已知的合金铝样片的双向反射分布函数值,计算结果与实测结果吻合良好,验证了模型的正确性.研究了粗糙度参量和样片光学常量对双向反射分布函数的影响,结果表明,粗糙面激光散射的双向反射分布函数与表面高度起伏均方根、自相关长度及样片光学常量相关.当入射波长一定时,高度起伏均方根越大,或者自相关长度越小,粗糙面粗糙度越大,入射激光的漫反射特性越强,双向反射分布函数峰值越小且分布越分散;当粗糙度一定时,样片光学常量对双向反射分布函数影响较大,粗糙面对入射激光复折射率的虚部越大,样片双向反射分布函数的峰值越小,当粗糙度参量增大时,样片光学参量对双向反射分布函数的影响逐步减弱.     

基于光纤布拉格光栅对的双波长线形腔掺铒光纤激光器设计与优化

基于光纤布拉格光栅对（DFBGs）的双波长线形腔光纤激光器利用偏振烧孔效应实现双波长激光稳定输出的研究颇多,但有关3 dB光纤环形镜（FLM）与光纤布拉格光栅（FBG）构成腔镜或仅FBG构成腔镜,以及DFBGs的选择对其激光输出性能[光信噪比（OSNR）、斜率效率及稳定性等]的影响的研究很少。本文实验首先在双波长线形腔掺铒光纤激光器中比较了3 dB FLM与FBG构成腔镜和仅FBG构成腔镜的双波长激光的输出性能,结果表明,仅FBG构成腔镜的输出性能优于3 dB FLM与FBG构成腔镜的输出。其次在仅FBG构成腔镜的线形腔中对低反射率FBG（输出镜）反射率相同与不同时的输出性能进行了对比,研究表明,低反射率FBG的反射率相同时双波长激光输出具有较高的OSNR、斜率效率和稳定性。接着改变构成腔镜的两对FBG的中心波长间隔分别为4、8、12 nm,研究表明,中心波长间隔越大输出越稳定,OSNR越高,但激光器的斜率效率有所降低。最后在室温环境下实现了两个激光波长分别为1550 nm和1562 nm、OSNR分别为50.24 dB和51.19 dB左右、中心波长变化分别小于0.030 nm和0....     

被动调Q激光器输出特性的实验研究

被动调Q晶体Cr∶YAG对激光器的性能起着重要的作用。对Cr∶YAG被动调Q Nd∶YAG激光器进行了实验研究。着重研究了抽运功率、腔长、输出镜透过率以及初始透过率等因素对激光输出脉冲序列的重复率、脉冲宽度以及输出功率的影响。实验结果表明，抽运功率是影响重复率的最大因素，抽运功率的增大可以提高重复率，并减小脉冲宽度；它对腔长的影响效果刚好相反；存在一个可使输出功率最大的最佳输出镜透过率；不同的初始透过率对输出有一定的影响。分析表明被动调Q技术适用于DPL。     

雾滴粒子群的偏振特性研究

根据Mie散射理论,基于一次实测资料拟合得出雾滴谱分布,计算了雾滴粒子群的散射相函数矩阵,揭示了不同波长的雾滴粒子群对入射激光的散射偏振特征。结果表明:激光散射强度随散射角的增加呈现先减小后增大的趋势,且波长越小散射光强分布越集中;波长越大,偏振度随散射角分布越平滑,反之分布震动则越剧烈;各波段偏振度随散射角增大的分布趋势大致相同,关键散射角随波长的减小向增大的方向偏移。     

雾滴粒子群的偏振特性研究

根据Mie散射理论,基于一次实测资料拟合得出雾滴谱分布,计算了雾滴粒子群的散射相函数矩阵,揭示了不同波长的雾滴粒子群对入射激光的散射偏振特征。结果表明：激光散射强度随散射角的增加呈现先减小后增大的趋势,且波长越小散射光强分布越集中;波长越大,偏振度随散射角分布越平滑,反之分布震动则越剧烈;各波段偏振度随散射角增大的分布趋势大致相同,关键散射角随波长的减小向增大的方向偏移。     

120 watt continuous wave solar-pumped laser with a liquid light-guide lens and an Nd:YAG rod

We propose a simple and efficient pumping approach for a high-power solar-pumped laser by using a liquid light-guide lens (LLGL) and a hybrid pumping cavity. A 2×2 m Fresnel lens is used as a primary concentrator to collect natural sunlight; 120 W cw laser power and a 4.3% total slope efficiency are achieved with a 6-mm diameter Nd:YAG rod within a 14-mm diameter LLGL. The corresponded collection efficiency is 30.0 W/m(2), which is 1.5 times larger than the previous record. This result is unexpectedly better than that of Cr:Nd:YAG ceramics. It is because the scattering coefficient of Cr:Nd:YAG ceramics is 0.004cm(1), which is 2 times larger than that of the Nd:YAG crystal, although both have similar saturation gains.     

Laser scattering,transmittance and low thermal expansion behaviors in Y_(2-x)(ZnLi)_xMo_3O_(12) by forming regular grains

Ceramics usually have irregular grains, cracking, or porosity, which result in their lightproof.Y_2Mo_3O_(12) ceramics have more porosity due to the heavy hygroscopicity.Introducing ZnLi to Y_2Mo_3O_(12) could form regular grains, reduce cracking and porosity.With increasing the content of ZnLi, the grain shapes self-assembly gradually and then the laser scattering and transmittance improve.The laser scattering property and transmittance of diverging rays become the best in ceramics Y_(2-x)(ZnLi)_xMo_3O_(12)(x = 1.0 and 1.2) with regular grains and low thermal expansion.The formation mechanism of regular grains is ascribed to the substitutions of Zn~(2+)and Li+for Y~(3+) in Y_2Mo_3O_(12) resulting in the preferential growth.The investigation in laser scattering, transmittance and low thermal expansion behaviors of Y_(2-x)(ZnLi)_xMo_3O_(12) could pave a way to weaken the strong-laser attack from the high-power laser weapon and the other.     

Fabrication and laser performance of highly transparent Nd:YAG ceramics from well-dispersed Nd:Y<Subscript>2</Subscript>O<Subscript>3</Subscript> nanopowders by freeze-drying

Well-dispersed Nd:Y₂O₃ powders with uniform particle size of about 60 nm were synthesized from freeze-dried precursors. Highly transparent 2 at.% Nd:YAG ceramics were fabricated from the as-synthesized Nd:Y₂O₃ powders and commercial Al₂O₃ powders by vacuum sintering at 1,750 °C for 5 h. Phase evolution, microstructures, and spectroscopic properties of the Nd:YAG transparent ceramics were investigated. Freeze-drying played an important role in the synthesis of high-quality Nd:Y₂O₃ nanosized powders, which were essential for the fabrication of highly transparent Nd:YAG ceramics. Optical transmittance of a 3-mm thick sample reached 82% in the wavelength range of 200–900 nm. 5.23 W output power was obtained with 14.3 W diode laser pumping, giving a slope efficiency of 36.5%.     

Fabrication and properties of neodymium-activated yttrium oxide optical ceramics

About new technology of production of transparent ceramics including laser synthesis of nanopowders, their magnetic pulsed compaction and vacuum sintering is reported. The results of investigations of the synthesized samples of transparent ceramics made from neodymium-activated yttrium oxide are presented. It has been shown that in a 1.1 mm thickness sample with optical loss coefficient α_1.07μm = 0.03 cm^?1 laser generation at λ _g ～ 1.08 μm with a slope efficiency of 15% at laser diode pumping at a wavelength of 807 nm has been obtained.     

74% Slope efficiency from a diode-pumped Yb3+:LiNbO3:MgO laser crystal

An optimization of the laser action performance from a diode-pumped Yb³⁺-doped LiNbO₃:MgO crystal has been carried out. In this sense, efficient laser action at 1.06 m when pumping with a fiber-coupled laser diode at 980 nm has been demonstrated, achieving laser slope efficiencies as high as 74%. The influence of output mirror transmittance on both pumping threshold and laser slope efficiency has been investigated, and the parameters of relevance in laser dynamics (emission cross section and optical losses) have been determined. Under the experimental conditions leading to maximum slope efficiency, the pump power at threshold was 300mW, and the pump-to-laser conversion efficiency was 40%. PACS 42.55.Xi; 42.55.Rz; 42.60.Lh     

Design of fly's-eye lens for LCOS laser display

Design of optical system in laser display has always been an important research topic. From the aspect of decreasing the system volume and improving the light efficiency, it can be found that when the size of fly's-eye lens and the value of f/# are definite, the more fly's-eye arrays there are, the more useful it will be to the decrease of the optical engine size, which means that more honeycombs on fly's-eye lens and better dodging effect can be more beneficial for the decrease of the system size. After the optimal design for the rectangular elements on sub-fly's-eye lens and then doing 4000 ray tracing, the light transmittance turns out to be good with little parasitic light and scattering light.     

The stress relief mechanism in laser irradiating on porous films

Stress relief effect is believed to be the main reason why the porous structure films have high laser induced damage threshold. But there is little systematic theoretical investigation of this view. This essay adopts spherical coordinate model to calculate the temperature and stress distribution in the film and analyzes the local stress redistribution after phase transformation or crush happens. The influences of porosity and pore radius on stress redistribution have been studied. The results show that: for the case of only local crush occurrence, the changes of porosity and pore radius have little influence on the stress relief effect. For the films with low porosity, the formed thermal stress cannot be alleviated effectively. When local phase transformation happens, the permeation action of high pressure fluid can reduce the local high pressure in the phase transformation zone; on the other hand, it can make the high pressure fluid permeate to film's surface and cause surface tensile stress increase. The final effect is the competitive result of these two mechanisms. Overall, when the permeation action of phase transformation materials happens, the higher porosity or larger pore radius, the higher capability of films to resist laser damage.     

Random distributed feedback fiber laser pumped by an ytterbium doped fiber laser

A random distributed feedback fiber laser operating at 1115 nm has been demonstrated experimentally in standard communication optical fibers by using a LD-pumped Yb-doped fiber laser as the pump source. We have studied the effect of different fiber spans on this new type of random fiber laser output power. It is shown that the generation power is the highest up to 198 mW in a 50 km fiber span. The slope efficiency is more than 28.7%. Stable, high-power continuous-wave (CW) lasing can be generated when the pump power is 3.6 W. The threshold power has also been calculated which well proves a random fiber laser operating via Rayleigh scattering, amplified through the Raman scattering.