TiO2纳米颗粒对染料掺杂聚合物分散液晶的随机激光辐射特性的影响

随机激光的阈值与体系内的散射强度存在密切关系。高折射率二氧化钛(TiO_2)纳米颗粒与染料掺杂聚合物分散液晶(DDPDLC)均匀混合后,由于液晶微滴与TiO_2纳米颗粒之间的强散射作用,DDPPLC的随机激光具有更低的激光发射阈值,并且随TiO_2纳米颗粒的掺杂浓度而变化;在优化TiO_2纳米颗粒掺杂浓度的基础上,DDPDLC的发射阈值为270μJ/cm~2,线宽下降至0.08nm;温度实验证明了PDLC结构的散射是产生随机激光的主要工作机制,在TiO_2纳米颗粒掺杂后,DDPDLC样品依然保证了良好的可调性。     

一维随机介质中准态模式的局域化程度对其阈值的影响

基于将Maxweil方程与四能级原子系统速率方程相结合而建立起的随机激光时域理论,并利用有限时域差分法,研究了一维随机激活介质中激光模式的输出强度与抽运速率之间的关系.结果表明,与传统激光模式相似,随机激光模式的强度随抽运速率的变化不仅具有阈值特性,而且具有饱和特性.用模式的空间区域来表征模式的局域化程度,发现局域化程度越强的模式,阈值越低.不过,这种关系不是一一对应的.这表明模式的局域化程度是决定阈值大小的重要因素,但不是唯一的因素.     

二维动态海面-气泡层中蓝绿激光的透射特性

为研究气-海跨介质的蓝绿激光传输特性,针对气-海跨介质界面及海面下气泡层,依据基尔霍夫近似、Mie理论与Beer理论建立了蓝绿激光通过海面-气泡层的下行传输模型。充分考虑了受风速影响的海面高度起伏、海水中气泡浓度变化、海水中洁净气泡和有薄膜覆盖气泡的混合等因素,数值计算了蓝绿激光经过海面-气泡层的透过率随风速、海水中的传输深度以及接收平面与发射平面夹角的变化关系。结果表明,蓝绿激光通过气-海界面及海水中的透过率主要取决于风速的大小与激光在海水中的传输深度;随着风速的增大,海面粗糙度与上层海洋中气泡浓度增大,激光透过率降低;与海水相比,气泡层对激光透过率的影响会随着深度的增加而降低;对于半径大于10μm的气泡,蛋白质薄膜的覆盖对蓝绿激光的衰减影响不大。     

二维随机激光器的模式选择及阈值与饱和特性

基于将Maxwell方程与四能级原子系统速率方程相结合而建立起随机激光时域理论，并利用有限时域差分法，研究了二维随机介质中激光模式的输出特性与介质尺寸、外形及抽运速率等参数的关系.结果表明，与传统激光模式相似，随机激光模式的强度随抽运速率的变化不仅具有阈值特性，而且具有饱和特性.基于模式特性对介质及抽运参数的依赖关系，提出了二维随机激光器的选模方式，在很大程度上不同于传统激光器的选模方式. 关键词： 随机激光器 模式选择 无序介质中的光学特性     

飞秒激光诱导水光学击穿阈值

为了研究飞秒激光诱导水光学击穿阈值随激光脉冲参数的变化关系,采用四阶RungeKutta方法对飞秒激光诱导水光学击穿的椭球体模型进行了不同脉宽(40～540fs)、波长(400～1200nm)和光斑尺寸(0～200μm)下的数值模拟。通过控制变量法得出阈值光强与这些激光脉冲参数的关系曲线图,据此定性分析了阈值光强与激光脉冲参数的变化特征趋势。应用光强与功率、能量、辐照曝光量和电场强度之间的关系,得到了它们随激光脉冲参数脉宽、波长和光斑尺寸的动态关系,这为进一步研究飞秒激光与水和含水介质的相互作用提供了理论依据。     

二维随机介质中偏振模式的竞争和阈值特性

基于随机激光的时域理论,建立了横磁与横电光波模式共享反转粒子数情况下的理论模型,并利用时域有限差分法(FDTD)数值求解麦克斯韦方程组和速率方程组,从而获得了二维随机介质内横磁与横电光波模式的阈值特性.结果表明,如果横磁与横电偏振模式之间没有共享反转粒子数,则横磁光波模式拥有较低的激发阈值;反之,则横电光波模式的激发阈值更低.在共享反转粒子数的情况下,改变样品的表面填充率对两种偏振模式的阈值并没有很大的影响,而增加样品面积则可以明显的降低横磁模式的阈值.     

激光测距机发射光学系统透射特性研究

为分析激光测距机发射光学系统透射特性对测距性能的影响,利用光线追迹公式和部分偏振光理论,得出了激光测距机发射光学系统透射率的定量解析式。针对发射光学系统特例,定量分析了其透射率与入射激光束偏振参量和几何光学参量间的关系。结果表明：随着入射角增加,激光束偏振参量对发射光学系统透射特性将产生较明显影响,当激光器发射的激光脉冲是随机的部分偏振光时将引起测距机发射激光脉冲能量的随机变化。     

单粒子翻转脉冲激光模拟的能量阈值的计算

 根据光的吸收机理,分析了单粒子效应脉冲激光模拟实验中所需用的脉冲激光的特点,探讨了脉冲激光单粒子效应的Monte Carlo计算模拟途径。在只考虑光电效应的简化下,得到存储器硅片单粒子翻转时入射脉冲激光能量阈值与临界电荷的计算关系式,进而给出该硅片的翻转截面的计算公式。在给定了存储器硅片的临界电荷的情况下,对入射脉冲激光能量阈值和单粒子翻转截面进行了计算。     

二维随机介质中准态模的频谱时间演化特性

采用时域有限差分法数值求解Maxwell方程组，分析了平面随机介质中光波模式的频谱时间演化特性.随机介质的特征可以用散射颗粒的随机构形、介质参数（如颗粒的尺寸和填充率等）以及介质形态等因素来描述.这些因素决定了随机介质在准稳态下模式的频率特性与数量，但具有不同因素的随机介质中模式的产生、选择与演化，具有大致相同的特征与速度.平面随机介质的这些冷腔特性，与传统光腔中模式的产生、选择和演化的特征非常相似. 关键词： 激光物理 随机激光器 无序介质中的光学特性     

亚波长光栅偏振片的纳秒脉冲激光损伤特性

偏振片在诸多光学系统中有着重要的应用。亚波长介质光栅可用作正入射偏振片，在高能激光系统中有着广泛的应用前景。为了探究波长为1 064 nm的纳秒脉冲激光对于亚波长全介质光栅的诱导损伤特性，使用了粒子群优化算法结合严格耦合波分析设计了光栅的几何参数，计算表明亚波长光栅偏振片在入射光波长1 064 nm附近带宽0.5 nm内，平均消光比为1 500。使用了紫外曝光配合离子束刻蚀的工艺制备了HfO₂光栅，并对其纳秒脉冲激光损伤阈值进行了测试。测试结果表明S光损伤阈值约为P光损伤阈值的5倍，且都大于5 J/cm2。结果表明亚波长全介质光栅偏振片可广泛用于正入射激光系统中。     

随机性对部分随机介质激光器阈值的影响

基于速率方程和Maxwell方程相结合的模型，采用时域有限差分法(FDTD)研究了介质的随机性和层数对部分随机介质激光器阈值的影响.模拟结果显示，当抽运速率超过阈值时，出现一个或者多个振荡模；随机性或者系统的尺度增加时，振荡模数量也增加；部分随机介质激光器的阈值在一定的随机强度和层数下将达到最小值，它与完全随机情况下的结论有所不同.对所得到的结论给出了物理解释.这些结果对于制作随机激光器和光集成潜在应用价值. 关键词： 激光物理 随机激光器 阈值 时域有限差分法     

Theoretical research on the random lasing from two-dimensional anisotropic media consisted of liquid crystal and mixed dye

The random lasing action in two-dimensional random media is investigated by simultaneously solving Maxwell’s equations and rate equations of electronic population. The random media are composed of scattering liquid crystal (LC) particles and mixed dye materials. The anisotropic scattering LC particles are arranged to be disordered in the spatial orientation of their optical axes. A parameter K = n _o /n _e ≤ 1 which denotes the ratio of the refractive indexes at two principal axes is defined to characterize the degree of the orientational disorder. The number of the lasing modes increases quickly with the decreasing of ratio K. In addition, the simulation of the external modulation of dielectric constant is studied. Results indicate that the spectrum intensity would be enhanced; whilst the frequencies of the lasing modes do not change significantly.     

Effect of particle size and shape on nonresonant random laser action of dye-doped polymer random media

We present an experimental study of the light emission from dye-doped polymer random media dispersed with TiO₂ particles of various sizes, shapes, and structures. Random lasing with nonresonant feedback, similar to that for spherically shaped particles that are used for conventional random lasers, is observed for almost all types of particles and aggregates. The efficiency of random lasing for each medium is analyzed using the relationship between the emission spectrum and the transport mean free path (TMFP), which is measured by enhanced backscattering experiments. Results show that the peak emission intensity depends strongly on the particle shape and structure, whereas the spectral linewidth is governed by the TMFP.     

Numerical study of random lasing in three dimensional amplifying disordered media

In this paper, the lasing action in three-dimensional active random systems has been numerically investigated. Here, random systems of spherical dielectric particles imbedded in an active medium are considered. The quasi steady state approximation for the population inversion of the active medium is applied to solve three dimensional governing equations. Results show that when the density of particles increases to an upper limit, the intensity of lasing modes is enhanced. Also, the effects of pumping rate and particle size on the number of lasing modes and their intensity are studied. Lasing threshold of laser modes in different disordered systems is calculated and it is shown that by an appropriate selection of the central frequency of gain line-shape, the output power intensity of random lasers increases. These results are in agreement with the experimental results observed by others.     

Random lasing in an organic light‐emitting crystal and its interplay with vertical cavity feedback

The simultaneous vertical‐cavity and random lasing emission properties of a blue‐emitting molecular crystal are investigated. The 1,1,4,4‐tetraphenyl‐1,3‐butadiene samples, grown by physical vapour transport, feature room‐temperature stimulated emission peaked at about 430 nm. Fabry‐Pérot and random resonances are primed by the interfaces of the crystal with external media and by defect scatterers, respectively. The analysis of the resulting lasing spectra evidences the existence of narrow peaks due to both the built‐in vertical Fabry‐Pérot cavity and random lasing in a novel, surface‐emitting configuration and threshold around 500 μJ cm⁻². The anti‐correlation between different modes is also highlighted, due to competition for gain. Molecular crystals with optical gain candidate as promising photonic media inherently supporting multiple lasing mechanisms.     

三粒子任意态的量子隐形完全传送

提出一个利用六粒子非贝尔对量子通道对一个任意的三粒子量子态进行隐形传送的方案.发送者Alice对需传送的三粒子量子态与属于自己的纠缠对中的三粒子进行三次Bell基测量,并将测量结果通过经典通道告诉接受者,接受者Bob根据这些信息对自己拥有的粒子进行Toffoli变换,就可使这三粒子处于待发送的原始量子态,从而实现概率为1的量子态隐形传送.利用变换算符的思想,很容易得出塌陷态的表达式以及接受者Bob所做的幺正变换的表达式.     

染料掺杂聚合物薄膜中金纳米颗粒增强的随机激光

基于金属纳米结构而获得随机激光的增强,其独特的性质及其潜在的应用价值具有重要的研究意义,在表面增强荧光、光学开关器件、表面等离子激元激光等方面实现了较多应用。报道一种快捷有效的制备纳米颗粒的手段并基于该纳米颗粒结构分析了染料掺杂聚合物薄膜涂覆的随机激光现象和规律。利用离子溅射沉积和高温热处理在石英基底上制备了Au纳米颗粒,改变溅射时间Au纳米颗粒的尺寸发生可控变化,该方法便捷、工艺简单。研究采用40,80和120 s三种不同的时间进行Au膜溅射并在650 ℃下高温处理,得到粒径尺寸不同的Au纳米颗粒,随着溅射时间延长Au纳米颗粒的尺寸逐渐变大。通过涂覆有机荧光染料DCJTB掺杂的PMMA聚合物薄膜构建光致激射系统,利用纳秒脉冲激光对样品进行激发,得到随机激光并研究其出射光强度和阈值的变化规律特征。40,80和120 s三种溅射时间下所得Au纳米颗粒的平均粒径尺寸分别为230,250和390 nm,在532 nm激光激发下产生随机激光的阈值分别为20.5,17.5和12.5 μJ·pulse-1。Au纳米颗粒尺寸越大、粒子间距越小时,光子散射的平均自由程越短,光在金属颗粒之间可以多次有效散射,从而显著提高散射效率,产生较低阈值的激光发射;Au纳米颗粒的吸收峰与染料的荧光峰恰好匹配时,将会显著增强染料的荧光效应,激发更多染料分子发生能级跃迁,增加光子态密度,获得峰值更高、阈值更低的激射现象;泵浦光不破坏染料分子的情况下,可以多次循环泵浦获得激光,染料分子的发光效率随着多次激发略有降低,有助于随机激光器件的研究开发。实验研究结果与理论分析相一致,进一步明确了Au纳米颗粒对光子散射和等离子共振对光吸收增强的随机激光发射机理。该研究以Au纳米结构对光子的强散射效应为增益,通过理论分析和实验测量获得随机激光,为实现高效率、低阈值的随机激光研究提供了一种便捷的技术手段,有望促进随机激光器件的开发和应用。     

无序介质中不同模式的激光辐射与散射体密度的关系

以ZnO粉末无序介质激光为例,在介质增益和光场损耗的条件下研究了光子在无序介质中的无规行走行为.在泵浦光强和体积一定的情况下,运用数值模拟研究了不同频率的光受激辐射对散射体密度的要求;得到了不同散射体密度下激光的辐射谱：当散射体密度大于临界密度时才能有激光辐射产生;当散射体密度进一步增大时,辐射谱中出现更高更窄的分离尖锋.     

Rate equation approach for diode lasers

The light output and the electron density within the active layer of a semiconductor laser have been calculated from the steady state solution of a rate equation approach. The assumed rate equation model takes into account the spontaneous emission into the lasing modes. Simple analytical approximation formulae have been found under the assumption of a power-law dependence between optical gaing and electron densityn (g ∞n′). The approximations are compared with numerical results from the rate equations. With the exception of a small region near the lasing threshold good agreement has been found. The theoretical results are compared with experimentally measured light outputs from single and double heterostructure lasers. From the comparison below threshold the power law exponent/may be evaluated. The comparison at threshold suggests that the spontaneous emission term decreases at threshold. This decrease is in agreement with experimentally measured changes of the emission bandwidth at threshold.     

Spectral characteristics of a Yb-doped Y<Subscript>2</Subscript>O<Subscript>3</Subscript> ceramic laser

We report the experimental observation of random wavelength emission and intensity-dependent central-wavelength shift in a diode-pumped Yb³⁺-doped Y₂O₃ ceramic laser. We show experimentally that, like conventional lasers, the emission of the laser has fixed well-defined transverse modes; however, its instantaneous emission wavelengths change randomly with time. The central wavelength of the laser emission also shifts with the intracavity light intensity. A model was developed to describe the spectral behavior of Yb³⁺-doped lasers. We show that the observed random wavelength emission and central lasing wavelength shift of the laser could be well explained based on the strong reabsorption of light in the gain medium. PACS 42.55.Rz; 42.60.Mi; 42.55.Xi