High-volumetric-capacity WSe_2 Anode for Potassium-ion Batteries

Exploring high-capacity electrode materials is critical for the development of K-ion batteries. In this work, we report a layered-structured tungsten selenide(WSe2) anode, which not only delivers an ultrahigh volumetric capacity of 1772.8 Ah/L(or 188.4 mA h/g) at a current density of 5 mA/g but also exhibits good rate capability(72 mA h/g at 200 mA/g) and cycling stability(83.14% capacity retention over 100 cycles at 100 mA/g). We have also revealed the underlying reaction mechanism through ex situ X-ray powder diffraction. Furthermore, proof-of-concept full-cell batteries comprising of WSe_2 anodes and Prussian Blue cathodes are capable of delivering an energy density of 135.2 Wh/kgcathode+anode. This work highlights the potential of WSe_2 as a promising high-volumetric-capacity anode material for rechargeable potassium-ion batteries.     

NaTiSi2O6/C复合材料用于锂离子电池负极材料

The development of human society and the continuously emerging environmental problems call for cleaner energy resources. Lithium-ion batteries, since their commercialization in the early 1990s, have been an important power source of mobile phones, laptops as well as other portable electronic devices. Their advantages include environment-friendliness, light weight, and no memory effect compared with lead-acid or nickel-cadmium batteries. Electrode materials play an important role in the performance of lithium-ion batteries. The traditional commercial anode material, graphite, has a theoretical specific capacity of 372 mAh·g^-1 and working potential close to 0 V (vs Li⁺/Li), making it prone to the formation of lithium dendrite, which may cause short circuit especially when large current is applied. Another commercial anode material Li₄Ti₅O₁₂, which also undergoes an intercalation reaction during lithiation process, has a theoretical specific capacity of 175 mAh·g^-1 along with three lithium-ion intercalations per formula unit. This is relatively small, and it has a relatively high working potential of 1.55 V (vs Li⁺/Li), which reduces its output voltage and specific energy when assembled in full battery. To overcome the shortcomings mentioned above, it is essential to search for new anode materials that are low-cost, environment-friendly, and easy to synthesize. Silicate materials have gained widespread attention owing to their low cost and facile synthesis. Herein, we report for the first time a novel titanosilicate, NaTiSi₂O₆, synthesized by sol-gel and solid sintering. It is isostructural to pyroxene jadeite NaAlSi₂O₆, belonging to monoclinic crystal system with a space group of C2/c. By in situ pyrolysis and carbonization of glucose, nanosized NaTiSi₂O₆ mixed with carbon was successfully obtained with a specific surface area of 132 m²·g^-1, calculated according to the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller formula. The specific charge/discharge capacity in the first cycle at current density of 0.1 A·g^-1 is 266.6 mAh·g^-1 and 542.9 mAh·g^-1, respectively, with an initial coulombic efficiency of 49.1%. After 100 cycles, it retains a specific charge capacity of 224.1 mAh·g^-1, corresponding to a capacity retention rate of 84.1%. The average working potential of NaTiSi₂O₆ is 1.2–1.3 V (vs Li⁺/Li), slightly lower than that of Li₄Ti₅O₁₂. The reaction mechanism while charging and discharging was determined by in situ X-ray diffraction test as well as selected area electron diffraction. The results showed that NaTiSi₂O₆ undergoes an intercalation reaction during lithiation process, with two lithium-ion intercalations per formula unit. This makes NaTiSi₂O₆ a new member of the silicate anode material family, and may provide insights into the development of new silicate electrode materials in the future.     

具有长循环稳定性的钾离子负极材料Sb2Se3@N-C的制备及电化学性能

与匮乏的锂资源相比,钾元素在自然界中储量丰富,使得钾离子电池被视为锂离子电池的替代品。Sb₂Se₃因较高的理论比容量（669 mAh/g）而被视为钾离子电池负极材料的候选材料。但Sb₂Se₃嵌钾会造成两倍以上的体积膨胀,和生成K₂Se导致容量快速衰减和导电性差。本文通过简单的水热反应、高温煅烧制得Sb₂Se₃@N-C,并将其作为钾离子电池负极材料进行电化学性能测试。结果表明：Sb₂Se₃@N-C表现良好的稳定性,在1.6 A/g的电流密度下循环1000次仍有180 mAh/g的容量。      

MOF-derived Core-Shell CoP@NC@TiO2 Composite as a High-Performance Anode Material for Li-ion Batteries

Transition-metal phosphides have been regarded as promising anode materials for high-energy lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) due to their high capacity and low cost. However, the mechanical pulverization and resultant capacity fade critically limit their further development. Here, we have designed an innovative core-shell CoP@NC@TiO₂ composite with an exotic rhombic dodecahedral morphology derived from ZIF-67 precursor, which combines both advantages from TiO₂ with excellent cycling stability and CoP with high capacity. The additional MOF-derived N-doped carbon framework is considered to improve the electrical conductivity and accommodate the volume expansion of CoP particles. Moreover, the outer TiO₂ shell can also buffer the mechanical stress and maintain the integrity of composite. With the unique structure, the core-shell CoP@NC@TiO₂ composite material exhibits excellent electrochemical performance with a considerable discharge specific capacity of 706.3 mAh g⁻¹ at a current density of 100 mA g⁻¹ after 200 cycles and outstanding rate capacity. Hence, our work demonstrates that this core-shell structure strategy combined with MOF-derived carbon framework could provide a practical pathway towards enhanced electrode materials for energy storage and conversion.     

Carbon-Coated SiO2 Composites as Promising Anode Material for Li-Ion Batteries

Porous silica-based materials are a promising alternative to graphite anodes for Li-ion batteries due to their high theoretical capacity, low discharge potential similar to pure silicon, superior cycling stability compared to silicon, abundance, and environmental friendliness. However, several challenges prevent the practical application of silica anodes, such as low coulombic efficiency and irreversible capacity losses during cycling. The main strategy to tackle the challenges of silica as an anode material has been developed to prepare carbon-coated SiO₂ composites by carbonization in argon atmosphere. A facile and eco-friendly method of preparing carbon-coated SiO₂ composites using sucrose is reported herein. The carbon-coated SiO₂ composites were characterized using X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, thermogravimetry, transmission and scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry, and charge–discharge cycling. A C/SiO₂-0.085 M calendered electrode displays the best cycling stability, capacity of 714.3 mAh·g⁻¹, and coulombic efficiency as well as the lowest charge transfer resistance over 200 cycles without electrode degradation. The electrochemical performance improvement could be attributed to the positive effect of the carbon thin layer that can effectively diminish interfacial impedance.     

锂离子电池TiO2纳米管负极材料

锂离子电池负极材料二氧化钛(TiO₂)由于其零应变、环境友好和高安全性近年来得到了广泛的研究,但其较低的电子电导和离子迁移率以及较低的比容量(335 mAh·g^-1)限制了其应用前景.本文梳理了一种纳米结构TiO₂纳米管(TNTs)的研究历程以及最近研究进展,综述了TNTs常见的几种制备方法,即水热法、阳极氧化法和模板法及其形成机理,归纳了各种制备方法的优缺点,讨论了制备过程中各项参量对制得TNTs的影响.阐述了其晶体结构与形貌对电化学性能的影响,指出晶格取向一致、管壁厚度小,纳米管开口且同向排列的TNTs具有更好的电化学性能.同时探讨了针对该材料电导性差、比容量低而进行的包括结构设计、掺杂、复合等一系列改进措施,指出与高电导率及高比容量材料复合是一种方便有效的改进措施.最后总结了各种改性方法取得的进展及存在的不足,展望了TNTs的研究趋势和发展前景.     

二硫化钛作为锂离子电池负极材料的特性

采用固相法合成了纯六方相的TiS2粉体.X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)结果表明该材料具有特征层状结构,其颗粒大小在10-20μm之间.作为锂离子电池负极材料,TiS2在3.00-0.00 V(vs Li/Li+)之间有3个明显的放电平台,首次可逆容量达668 mAh·g-1,在第一个放电电压范围(3.00-1.40V)内具有优异的循环可逆性.深度放电时由于Li2S的生成和材料颗粒严重破碎,在低于0.50 V时材料的循环性能不佳.通过减小材料颗粒度和提高导电剂含量,TiS2的电化学性能得到显著改善.     

Nanowire of WP as a High-Performance Anode Material for Sodium-Ion Batteries

The design and development of electrode materials with high specific capacity and long cycling life for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) is still a critical challenge. In this communication, we report the development of tungsten phosphide (WP) nanowire on carbon cloth (WP/CC) as an anode for SIBs. The WP/CC exhibits superior sodium storage capability with 502 mA h g⁻¹ at 0.1 A g⁻¹. Moreover, this anode is capable of delivering a long lifespan at 2 A g⁻¹ with an excellent capacity retention of 99 % after 1000 cycles.     

LiTi2O4用作锂离子电池负极的研究进展

LiTi2O4具有长的嵌锂反应循环寿命、较低的电位和良好的导电性,是继碳素材料和Li4Ti5O12之后的又一新型锂离子电池负极材料,有望在大电流和动力锂离子电池中得到较大的应用.本文介绍了LiTi2O4负极材料的晶体结构、物理特性、制备方法、电化学性能及其应用研究进展,并分析了其微观导电机理.     

Chalcone as Anode Material for Aqueous Rechargeable Lithium-Ion Batteries

Russian Journal of Electrochemistry - Utilization of environmental friendly, potentially sustainable, low cost, high capacity organic electrode materials seem to be very promising for next...     

Cu2SnSe3/CNTs Composite as a Promising Anode Material for Sodium-ion Batteries

Metal selenides as anode materials for sodium-ion batteries have attracted considerable attention owing to their high theoretical specific capacities and variable composition and structures.However,the achievement of long cycle life and superior rate performance is challenging for these selenide materials due to the volume variation upon cycling.Herein,a composite composed of a new binary-metal selenide[Cu2SnSe3(CSS)]and carbon nanotubes(CNTs)was constructed via a hydrothermal process followed by calcination at 600℃.Benefited from the unique structure of binary-metal selenide and the conductive network of CNTs,the Cu2SnSe3/carbon nanotubes(CSS/CNT)composite exhibits excellent electrochemical performance when used as an anode material for sodium-ion batteries.A reversible specific capacity of 399 mA·h/g can be maintained at a current density of 100 mA/g even after 100 cycles.This work provides a promising strategy for rational design of binary-metal selenides upon delicate crystal phase control as electrode materials.     

CoO填充多壁碳纳米管作为锂离子电池负极材料

碳纳米管自1990年被日本科学家Iijima发现以来[1],由于其独特的结构组成而具有良好的强度和弹性模量、高比表面积、良好的耐腐蚀性和导电性等特点受到了广泛的关注,并已在催化剂载体、纳米电子器件、储能材料、复合功能材料等诸多领域得到应用。多壁碳纳米管(MWCNT)是由多层石墨卷绕而成的同心圆筒,石墨层间距约为0.034nm,管径一般为几十纳米,管长可达数微米,因此多壁碳纳米管具有较高的长径比,可以被看作一维纳米线。由于多壁碳纳米管在管壁之间和管腔之中存在大量空间,为锂离子的嵌入提供了可能,因此近年来关于多壁碳纳米管储锂的研究…     

Novel Biomass-derived Hollow Carbons as Anode Materials for Lithium-ion Batteries

A novel hollow carbon derived from biomass lotus-root has been prepared by a one-step carbonization method. The carbon anode obtained at 900 ℃ showed the best electrochemical performance, corresponding to a high specific capacity of 445 mA∙h/g at 0.1 C, as well as excellent cycling stability after 500 cycles. Further investigation exhibits that the lithium storage of hollow carbon involves Li⁺ adsorption in the defect sites and Li⁺ insertion. The results showed that the intrinsic structure of lotus root can inspire us to prepare biomass carbon with a hollow structure as an excellent anode for lithium-ion batteries.     

CoS2/N-Doped Hollow Spheres as an Anode Material for High-Performance Sodium-Ion Batteries

In this work, we first synthesized polyacrylic acid (PAA) spheres and then used PAA as a template to load Co(OH)₂ particles onto its surface. The product of CoS₂ nanoparticles dispersed in N-doped hollow spheres (N-HCS) was prepared through sulfurization treatment (CoS₂/S@N-HCS). During the sulfuration process, sulfur penetrates into the PAA, embedding into the graphite layer along with the carbonization process. It was found that during the charging and discharging process, the sulfur in the carbon layer will gradually dissolve out, thereby forming new ion diffusion channels in the carbon spheres and exposing more CoS₂ active sites. The CoS₂/S@N-HCS composite exhibits a specific capacity of 729.6 mAh g⁻¹ after 500 cycles at a current density of 1 A g⁻¹. The sodium-storage mechanism and reaction kinetics of the materials were further measured by in-situ electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, ex-situ X-ray diffraction, capacitance performance evaluation, and galvanostatic intermittent titration technique. The excellent cycling performance and rate capability demonstrated that the CoS₂/S@N-HCS is a potential and prospective anode material for sodium-ion batteries.     

二维层状氮化二钙作为钠离子电池负极材料

以Ca₃N₂为前驱体,用高温热解法制备了2D层状结构Ca₂N 并用X射线和扫描电镜对Ca₂N的组成、结构和形貌进行了表征。 作为钠离子电池新型负极材料,在50 mA/g电流密度充放电,首次放电比容量可达584 mA·h/g,可逆比容量达180 mA·h/g。在2000 mA/g大电流密度下,仍有70 mA·h/g。     

对苯二甲酸镁作为钠离子电池的有机负极材料

报道了对苯二甲酸镁作为钠离子电池负极材料的研究. 以对苯二甲酸和氢氧化镁为原料,采用酸碱中和反应制备了含结晶水的对苯二甲酸镁（MgC₈H₄O₄·2H₂O）,该材料对钠离子电池表现出了较好的电化学活性、优异的倍率性能以及良好的循环稳定性. 在0.5C（1C=300 mA·g^-1）倍率下循环50 周以后,可逆容量由114mAh·g^-1降至95 mAh·g^-1,容量保持率高达83%;在2C的倍率下有高达90 mAh·g^-1的可逆比容量. 另外,在氮气气氛中,400 ℃进行后续热处理得到了不含结晶水的对苯二甲酸镁（MgC₈H₄O₄）,探讨了结晶水对其电化学性能的影响. 结果表明,MgC₈H₄O₄·2H₂O的比容量、倍率性能以及循环稳定性都明显优于不含结晶水的对苯二甲酸镁.     

对苯二甲酸镁作为钠离子电池的有机负极材料

报道了对苯二甲酸镁作为钠离子电池负极材料的研究.以对苯二甲酸和氢氧化镁为原料,采用酸碱中和反应制备了含结晶水的对苯二甲酸镁(MgC8H4O4·2H2O),该材料对钠离子电池表现出了较好的电化学活性、优异的倍率性能以及良好的循环稳定性.在0.5C(1C=300 mA·g-1)倍率下循环50周以后,可逆容量由114mAh·g-1降至95 mAh·g-1,容量保持率高达83%;在2C的倍率下有高达90 mAh·g-1的可逆比容量.另外,在氮气气氛中,400℃进行后续热处理得到了不含结晶水的对苯二甲酸镁(MgC8H4O4),探讨了结晶水对其电化学性能的影响.结果表明,MgC8H4O4·2H2O的比容量、倍率性能以及循环稳定性都明显优于不含结晶水的对苯二甲酸镁.     

Liquid-phase Exfoliated WS_2-Graphene Composite Anodes for Potassium-ion Batteries

Tungsten disulfide(WS2) has been recognized as a promising anode material for rechargeable potassium-ion batteries(PIBs). However, its K-ion intercalation capacity is limited to ~60 mAh·g^-1. Here, we report a WS2-graphene composite anode which is fabricated through simple filtration of liquid-phase exfoliated WS2 and graphene nanosheet delivers a significantly improved specific capacity of 137 mAh·g^-1 at a current density of 10 mA·g^-1. The composite anodes also exhibit remarkable rate capability and long-term cyclability over 500 cycles. These results highlight the WS2-graphene composite structure as a promising anode material for long lifespan rechargeable potassium-ion batteries.     

Studies of Nano-sized Co_3O_4 as Anode Materials for Lithium-ion Batteries

Introduction　　Thelargecapacityandhighcellvoltageoflithium basedcells ,coupledwiththeirrelativelylowenvironmen talimpactmakethemanidealcandidateforportablepowersupplies .Studyonpresentmaterialsforlithiumionbatter iesfocusesonimprovingcycleabilityandincreasingca pacityofelectrodematerials.Asoneoftheimportantpartsoflithium ionbatteries ,anodematerialshavebeeninvestigatedintensively .Now ,carbonaceousmaterialsareusedinnearlyalllithiumionbatteriesbecauseoftheirhighcapacity (theoreticalcapaci tyof…     

碳包覆纳米SnSb合金作为高性能钠离子电池负极材料

采用喷雾热解法合成了碳包覆的SnSb/C合金复合材料,利用X射线粉末衍射仪(XRD)、场发射扫描电子显微镜(FESEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)等方法对产物的物相和形貌进行了表征,其中SnSb/C颗粒为10 nm左右的复合材料(10-SnSb/C)作为钠离子电池负极时,表现出优异的循环和倍率性能。首圈放电达到722.1m Ah·g~(-1),首圈库仑效率86.3%,在100、1000、3000 m A·g~(-1)下比容量分别为607.7、645.4、452.2 m Ah·g~(-1),在1000 m A·g~(-1)电流下循环200周后可逆容量达到623 m Ah·g~(-1),容量保持率为95%。SnSb/C复合材料出色的储钠性能源于其完全被碳包裹的纳米结构,该结构可以有效提高活性物质的利用率,促进电子、离子的传导,并且抑制纳米粒子在长循环过程中的粉化和团聚。