PdCO(OH)-体系中OH-助催化性能的成键能研究

本文使用相对论赝势从头计算方法和成键能判据[1 ] 研究了模型化合物 Pd CO(OH) -的电子结构 ,讨论了 OH-的助催化作用。得出 OH-对 Pd CO的助催化作用既可以通过其与金属 Pd形成化学键 (通过金属 )来实现 ,也可以通过空间电荷静电作用 (通过空间 )来实现。由分子轨道成键能分析指出 CO分子的强成键占据分子轨道 3σ和 1π的削弱是活化 CO的关键。     

Mo-S簇合物与“松散”配位键的研究

通过对Mo3S_4[S_2P(OEt)_2]_4·H_2O的电子结构计算和分子轨道分析,讨论了Mo—S簇合物中“松散”的端基配位键的轨道组成,它们与簇胳成键性质的联系和形成机理。     

六异硫氰酸根合铒（Ⅲ）配合物电子结构的离散变分—Xα计算

本文用离散变分X_α(DV-X_α)方法计算了六异硫氰酸根合铒(Ⅲ)配合物[Er(NCS)_6]~(3-)的电子结构,给出了X_α分子轨道能级,Mulliken集居数、总电子态密度及部分态密度等。结果表明,[Er(NCS)_6]~(3-)配合物中起主要成键作用的是Er的5d轨道和配体原子N的S、P轨道,Er-N键具有共价性,其中贡献较大的是Er的5d轨道,4f轨道几乎不参与成键。     

氯化铜晶体中铜是SP^3杂化还是dsp^2杂化

化学教育1987年第三期发表了"铜在氯气里燃烧铜原子会不会失电子"一文,读后颇受启发.但对文中CuCl_2中铜原子以sp~3杂化轨道成键,形成四个等同的б键,结构为四面体感到有商榷的必要.下面谈谈我们的看法,愿与广大读者共同讨论.在CuCl_2晶体中,铜原子是否以印sp~3杂化呢?我们来看下列资料.《无机结构化学》     

二甲胺基尾式卟啉铁与双原子小分子CO,NO配位性质的研究

本文报道了二甲胺基尾式卟啉铁{中位-[邻(4-二甲胺基丁酰胺基)苯基]三苯基卟啉合铁(II)}同双原子小分子CO, NO的配合物的UV, MCD, ESR光谱和电化学性质, 测定了它与CO轴向加合平衡常数为1.38x10^7M^-^1, 讨论了尾端配体对CO与中心离子铁的成键影响。NO配合物的ESR和循环伏安结果表明, NO的配位削弱了尾端N与中心离子铁的键强, 并用分子轨道理论解释了这一结果。     

超价分子SO2和SO3成键性的研究

SO2,SO3和H2SO4这样的分子,由于其中S原子的"超价”(supervalent)而被称为"超价分子”.对于它们的成键特性,除早期价键理论的共振论观点外,一般都采用简单分子轨道理论观点加以解释,认为在SO2和SO3分子中,诸原子在同一平面上,S原子sp2杂化,与O原子形成σ键,S的另一个p轨道与分子平面垂直,其余O原子也各有一个与分子平面垂直的p轨道,这些p轨道线性组合形成离域π轨道.SO2中的离域π键是Π43,SO3中则是Π64.之后对S原子d轨道是否参与成键的研究表明,S的dπ轨道可以与O的pπ轨道形成π键,认为S原子d轨道参与了π键的形成[1,2].本文通过分子轨道理论的自洽场法从头算和价键理论的广义价键法(Generalized Valence Bond,GVB)计算,根据计算结果对SO2和SO3的成键性做进一步的讨论.......     

分子轨道的投影方法

本文根据Mollweide投影讨论MX_n分子和M_n簇骨架的分子轨道的平面投影表示方法,定性描述分子轨道的成键特性.     

铼(Ⅲ)三核氯化物[Re3(μ2-Cl)3Cl6+n]n-的电子结构与化学键

本文用EHMO法计算铼(Ⅲ)三核氯化物[Re₃(μ₂—Cl)₃Cl_6+n)^n-(n=0,1,2,3,)的分子轨道系数,能级相关图和占据轨道成分。结果表明,Re-Re之间的成键数都是2,铼原子的成键价轨道数有8和9两种情况。应用(nxcπ)结构规则分析这一系列分子的结构与成键能力,得到的结论与理论结果以及实验事实一致。讨论了Re₃Cl₉与平面配位氯原子的结合形式。     

自然轨道福井函数和成键活性描述符应用于解释苯硫醌和1, 3-二烯的[2+4]和[4+2]环加成反应中的成键机理

苯硫醌与脂肪族烯烃可以发生[2+4]和[4+2]环加成反应。为了解释这些环加成反应中的成键过程,本文使用了自然轨道福井函数(NOFF)与成键活性描述符。自然轨道福井函数揭示了苯硫醌和脂肪族烯烃的键或轨道的亲电性,表明电子供体的成键轨道和电子受体的反键/成键轨道之间发生了电子转移,然后成环,在这一过程中有两个共价键形成,得到了环状产物。成键活性描述符表明共价键比较容易在一个分子中具有较大f_k1⁺值的k1原子与另一个分子中具有较大f_k2^-值的k2原子之间形成。自然轨道福井函数与成键活性描述符都可以有效解释苯硫醌与1, 3-二烯之间的[2+4]与[4+2]环加成反应的机理。     

烷基乙二胺-CF_3CO_2型质子化离子液体的分子间氢键作用

利用密度泛函理论M06-2X方法,在6-311G(d,p)水平下,对由N-烷基乙二胺阳离子[HAlkyl]~+(Alkyl=Hex,Oct,Et Hex)与三氟乙酸阴离子[TFA]~-形成的[HHex][TFA],[HOct][TFA]及[HEtHex][TFA]型质子化离子液体(PILs)的离子对进行了理论研究.通过几何优化和分子振动频率分析3种PILs均得到5种较稳定构型[HAlkyl][TFA]S1~S5.结果表明,[HAlkyl]~+与[TFA]~-间发生了质子转移形成了O—H…N型氢键.3种PILs的基组重叠误差校正后的分子间相互作用能(ΔE_(int)~(BSSE))在-449.91~-522.87 kJ/mol范围内.由于分子间形成了较强的O—H…N氢键作用,引起N—H振动频率消失,在2200~2700 cm~(-1)范围内出现了较强的O—H键振动.通过自然键轨道(NBO)及分子中原子(AIM)理论计算,研究了分子间氢键作用的相对强度及其对分子构型稳定性的影响.NBO分析结果表明,其稳定化能主要源自于[HAlkyl]的氨基中孤对电子LP(N)与[TFA]中O—H反键轨道σ*(H—O)间的相互作用,即LP(N)→σ*(H—O).并探讨了阳离子部位[HAlkyl]~+的质子化位置以及烷基链长、支链的引入对[HAlkyl]与[TFA]间氢键作用强度的影响.     

Study on the covalence of Cu and chemical bonding in an inorganic fullerene-like molecule, [CuCl]_(20)[Cp~*FeP_5]_(12)[Cu-(CH_3CN)_2~+Cl~-]_5, by a density functional approach

The titled inorganic fullerene-like molecule (hereafter abbreviated as IFM) was recently synthe-sized by Bai et al.[1], which attracts a lot of interests from inorganic and organometallic chemists, and questions are raised for this smart molecule: (ⅰ) Why CuCl can react with Cp*FeP5 in solvent CH3CN to form IFM? (ⅱ) What is the nature of chemical bond-ing? (ⅲ) What is the covalence of Cu in this mole-cule? In this paper we intend to answer these questions in terms of the soft-hard …     

Tetra-, di-, and mononuclear copper(I) complexes containing (S,S)-iPr-pybox and (R,R)-Ph-pybox ligands

Tetranuclear [Cu4I4{(S,S)-iPr-pybox}2] (1) and dinuclear [Cu2Cl-{(S,S)-iPr-pybox}2][CuCl2] (2) copper(I) complexes have been synthesized by reaction of iPr-pybox with CuI and CuCl, respectively. Furthermore, dinuclear [Cu2(R-pybox)2][PF6]2 [R-pybox = (R,R)-Ph-pybox (3), (S,S)-iPr-pybox (4)] and mononuclear complexes [Cu(R-pybox)2][PF6] [R-pybox = (R,R)-Ph-pybox (5), (S,S)-iPr-pybox (6)] have been prepared by reaction of [Cu(MeCN)4][PF6] and the corresponding pybox. The structures of complexes 1-3 have been determined by X-ray diffraction analyses.     

Synthesis and reactivity of copper(I) complexes containing a bis(imidazolin-2-imine) pincer ligand

The new pincer ligand 2,6-bis[(1,3-di-tert-butylimidazolin-2-imino)methyl]pyridine (TL(tBu)) has been prepared in high yield from 2,6-bis(hydroxymethyl)pyridine (1) and 1,3-di-tert-butylimidazolin-2-imine (3). Reaction of TL(tBu) with [Cu(MeCN)4]PF6 affords the highly reactive copper(I) complex [(TL(tBu))Cu]PF6, [5]PF6, which forms the stable copper(I) isocyanide complexes [6a]PF6 (nu(CN) = 2179 cm(-1)) and [6b]PF6 (nu(CN) = 2140 cm(-1)) upon addition of tert-butyl or 2,6-dimethylphenyl isocyanide, respectively. For the cations 6a and 6b, DFT calculations reveal ground-state electronic structures of the type [(TL(tBu)-kappaN(1):kappaN(2))Cu(CNR)] with tricoordinate geometries around the copper atoms. Exposure of [5]PF6 to the air readily leads to trapping of atmospheric CO2 to form the square-planar complex [(TL(tBu))Cu(HCO3-kappaO)]PF6, [7]PF6, with the bicarbonate ligand adopting a rarely observed monodentate coordination mode. In chlorinated solvents such as dichloromethane or chloroform, [5]PF(6) rapidly abstracts chloride by reductive dechlorination of the solvent to yield [(TL(tBu))CuCl]PF6, [8]PF6 quantitatively. Reaction of TL(tBu) with copper(I) bromide or chloride affords complexes 9a and 9b, respectively, for which X-ray diffraction analysis, low-temperature NMR experiments and DFT calculations reveal the presence of a kappa(2)-coordinated ligand of the type [(TL(tBu)-kappaN(1):kappaN(2))CuX]. In solution, complex 9b undergoes slow disproportionation forming the mixed-valence copper(II)/copper(I) system [(TL(tBu))CuCl][CuCl2], [8]CuCl2 with a linear dichlorocuprate(I) counterion.     

Copper(II) chloride complexes with multimodal ligands based on the cyclotriphosphazene platform

The reaction of hexakis(2-pyridyloxy)cyclotriphosphazene (L) and hexakis(4-methyl-2-pyridyloxy)cyclotriphosphazene (MeL) with copper(ii) chloride afford the complexes [CuLCl(2)], [(CuCl(2))(2)(MeL)], [CuLCl]PF(6) and [Cu(MeL)Cl]PF(6). The single-crystal X-ray structure of [CuLCl(2)] shows the copper ion to be in a square based pyramidal distorted trigonal bipyramidal (SBPDTBP) environment (tau= 0.47) with L acting as a kappa(3)N donor, coordinating via the nitrogen atoms from two non-geminal pyridyloxy pendant arms, a nitrogen atom in the phosphazene ring and two chloride ions. In the dimetallic complex, [(CuCl(2))(2)(MeL)], the geometry about both (symmetry related) copper(ii) centres is also SBPDTBP (tau= 0.57) with a 'N(3)Cl(2)' donor set. In the monocation of [CuLCl]PF(6), L acts as a kappa(5)N donor, bonding to the copper(ii) centre through the nitrogen atoms of four pyridyloxy pendant arms, a phosphazene ring nitrogen atom and a chloride ion to give an elongated rhombic octahedral coordination sphere. The phosphazene ring atoms remain virtually coplanar in all three structures as a consequence of the phenoxy-hinge, which links the pyridine pendant donors to the cyclotriphosphazene platform, allowing the formation of six-membered chelate rings. The spectroscopic (mass spectral, EPR and electronic) and magnetic properties of the complexes are discussed. The EPR and variable temperature magnetic susceptibility results for the dicopper complex, [(CuCl(2))(2)(MeL)], point to a very weak electronic interaction between the metal atoms.     

Structural consequences of the prohibition of hydrogen bonding in copper-guanidine systems

The synthesis and structure of copper(I) complexes supported by N-substituted bicyclic guanidines is described. The N-methyl-substituted bicyclic guanidine 1,3,4,6,7,8-hexahydro-1-methyl-2H-pyrimido[1,2-a]pyrimidine (hppMe) reacted with copper(I) chloride to afford the ion-pair [Cu(hppMe)(2)][CuCl(2)] (1), a rare example of a compound containing an unsupported Cu...Cu interaction. The analogous reaction with CuI, however, afforded the molecular mu,mu-dihalo-bridged dimer [CuI(hppMe)](2) (2). Inclusion of a trimethylsilyl substituent at nitrogen provided a sufficiently sterically encumbered environment to support a two coordinate copper center in CuCl(hppSiMe(3)) (3). Compounds 1-3 have been fully characterized, including single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies.     

Syntheses and ligand interconversions of copper(II) derivatives of the metalloligand [Pt2(mu-S)2(PPh3)4

The reactivity of the metalloligand [Pt2(micro-S)2(PPh3)4] towards a variety of copper(II)-ligand systems has been studied. Reaction of [Pt2(mu-S)2(PPh3)4] with copper(II) halide complexes [CuCl2L](L = 2,2'-bipyridine and 1,10-phenanthroline) gave trinuclear dicationic products [Pt2(mu-S)2(PPh3)4CuL]2+, and the 8-hydroxyquinolinate (hq) complex [Cu(hq)2] gave [Pt2(mu-S)2(PPh3)4Cu(hq)]+, isolated as their BPh4- or PF6- salts. Related cationic complexes with other ancillary amine ligands (1,2-diaminoethane, 1,2-diaminopropane, 1,2-diaminocyclohexane) were obtained by reactions of [Pt2(mu-S)2(PPh3)4] with CuCl2 and the amine. In contrast, reaction of [Pt2(mu-S)2(PPh3)4] with CuCl2 and NH3 in methanol gave the intensely blue methoxy-bridged dicopper complex [{Pt(2)(mu-S)2(PPh3)4Cu(OMe)}2]2+, isolated as its hexafluorophosphate salt. Copper beta-diketonate complexes reacted with [Pt2(mu-S)2(PPh3)4] giving [Pt2(mu-S)2(PPh3)4Cu(beta-diketonate)]+PF6- complexes, with the CH3COCHCOCH3(acac) and CF3COCHCO(2-thienyl)(tta) derivatives characterised by X-ray structure determinations. The local Cu(II) environment ranges from distorted square-planar to an intermediate form of square-planar and tetrahedral. The beta-diketonate derivatives show varying stability towards methanolysis, giving [{Pt2(mu-S)2(PPh3)4Cu(OMe)}2]2+.     

Copper(II) Complexes with N,O-Hybrid Ligands based on Pyridyl-Containing Phospholane Oxides

Russian Journal of Coordination Chemistry - New water-soluble copper(II) bis-N,O-chelate complexes [Cu(L2)2Cl2] (I), [Cu2(L1)2Cl4] (II), and [Cu(L1)2Cl]2[CuCl4] (III) (L1, L2 = pyridyl-containing...     

Study on the covalence of Cu and chemical bonding in an inorganic fullerene-like molecule, [CuCl]20[Cp*FeP5]12 [Cu-(CH3CN)+2Cl-]5, by a density functional approach

The electronic structure and chemical bonding in a recently synthesized inorganic fullerene-like molecule, [CuCl]₂₀[Cp*FeP₅]₁₂[Cu-(CH₃CN) ⁺ ₂Cl⁻]₅ has been studied by a density functional approach. Geometrical optimization of the three basic structural units of the molecule is performed with Amsterdam Density Functional Program. The results are in agreement with the experiment. Localized MO’s obtained by Boys-Foster method give a clear picture of the chemical bonding in this molecule. The reason why CuCl can react with Cp*FeP₅ in solvent CH₃CN to form the fullerene-like molecule is explained in terms of the soft-hard Lewis acid base theory and a new concept of covalence.     

类晶加合物(M=Co,Cu, Ni)的晶体结构及分子间相互作用的理论研究

合成了3种化合物 [2-ClPyH]2CoCl4(1), [2-ClPyH]2NiCl4(2)和[2-ClPyH]2CuCl4(3), 单晶X射线衍射法晶体结构测定结果表明, 这3种化合物是同形加合物, 在它们的结构中, [2-ClPyH]+离子呈平面状, 而[MCl4]2-离子为变形的四面体. 晶体结构分析发现晶体中存在N—H…Cl和C—H…Cl氢键, 以及Cl…Cl分子间相互作用和π-π堆积作用. 对自由状态下独立的配位离子进行的几何构型优化, 以及三维周期性条件下几何结构优化的量子化学计算结果表明, 标题化合物中具有方向性和选择性的氢键决定延伸性结构的方向, 而相对较弱的卤素…卤素作用在最终晶体结构的确定中扮演很重要的角色.