Structure of a glucuronoxylan of the stems ofSymphytum asperum

The results are given of an investigation of the structure of a glucuronoxylan of the stems ofSymphytum asperum Ler. The xylan was isolated by alkaline extraction and was purified by reprecipitation via the copper complex. The polysaccharide was homogeneous according to the results of gel filtration and electrophoresis. It was shown by hydrolysis, periodate oxidation, methylation, oxidation with chromium trioxide and IR and¹³C NMR spectroscopy that the macromolecules were based on a -(14)-polyxyloside chain having side chains at the second carbon atoms in the form of 4-O-Me-D-glucuronic acid. To each side chain there were not less than 12 xylose residues.M. V. Lomonosov Technological Institute of the Food Industry, Odessa. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 478–481, July–August, 1985.     

A comparative study of the dioxane lignins ofAlthea

Summary 1. The dioxane lignins have been extracted from three species ofAlthea for the first time. On the basis of elementary and functional analyses, the semiempirical formulas of the phenylpropane structural units have been calculated.2. The molecular weight distributions have shown that the DLAs of these species ofAlthea are polydisperse, and in the case of the DLAs of the wild-growing species —A. rhyticarpa andA. nudiflora — the high-molecular weight fraction is predominant, while for the DLA ofA. rosea the low-molecular-weight fraction is predominant.3. In a study of the products of nitrobenzene oxidation it has been established that the DLA of all three species ofAlthea includes p-coumaryl, guaiacyl, and syringyl structural units.4. In the products of decomposition with metallic sodium in liquid ammonia 18 phenols have been identified the structures of which show the presence in the initial lignins of guaiacyl- and syringylpropane units with free OH groups in the side chains in the - and -positions to the aromatic nucleus.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 93–100, January–February, 1977.     

Triterpene glycosides ofAstragalus and their genins. XVI. Cyclogaleginosides A and B fromAstraglus galegiformis

Two glycosides of the cycloartane series — cyclogaleginosides A and B — have been obtained from inflorescences ofAstragalus galegiformis L. (Leguminosae), and their structures have been established by chemical transformations and spectral characteristics as cyclogalegigenin 3-O-(2-O-acetyl)--D-xylopyranoside and cyclogalegigenin 3-O--D-xylopyranoside, respectively.I. G. Kutateladze Institute of Pharmacochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Georgian SSR, Tbilisi. Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 477–481, July–August, 1984.     

Triterpene glycosides ofCaltha polypetala glycosides A, B, D, E, and F

Five individual triterpene glycosides — A, B, D, E, and F — which are hederagen-in mono- and biosides, have been isolated from the roots ofCaltha polypetala (Great Marsh Marigold), familyRanunculaceae. Glycosides E and F proved to be new compounds for which, on the basis of the results of acid and alkaline hydrolyses, methylation, methanolysis, and physicochemical methods of investigation, the following structures are proposed: E — hederagenin 3-0-D-glucopyranoside, 28-O-L-rhamnopyranoside; and F — heteragenin 28-O-[O-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 6)-D-glucopyranoside].I. G. Kutateladze Institute of Pharmacochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Georgian SSR, Tbilisi. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 712–716, November–December, 1986.     

Phytoecdysteroids of plants of the genusRhaponticum polypodin B 22-O-benzoate fromRhaponticum carthamoides

A known ecdysteroid — -ecdysone- and a new phytoecdysteroid — polypodin B-22-O-benzoate — have been isolated from the seeds ofRhaponticum carthamoides (Willa) Iljin. Alkaline hydrolysis of the latter gave polypodin B. Its structure has been established on the basis of chemical transformations and spectral characteristics.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, fax (3712) 40 64 75. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 851–853, November–December, 1997.     

Phytoecdysones ofAjuga turkestanica. III. The structure of turkesterone

Summary From the roots ofAjuga turkestanica (Rg1.) Briq. family Labiatae a new phytoecdysone — turkesterone — has been isolated. It has been shown that it is 1120R-dihydroxyecdysone.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 466–470, July–August, 1975.     

Alkaloids of far-eastern species ofThalictrum. IV

Summary The alkaloid composition of four far-eastern species ofThalictrum — Th. amurense, Th. contortum, Th. filamentosum, andTh. minus — have been studied, for the first time in the case of the first three species.Th. amurense contains -allocryptopine and thalictrisine, andTh. contortum contains -allocryptopine. Glaucine and thalicsimidine have been found inTh. filamentosum, and argemonine has been isolated fromTh. minus for the first time.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Pacific Ocean Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far-Eastern Scientific Center of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Vladivostok. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 788–791, November–December, 1976.     

Triterpenes from the leaves ofBetula ermanii

Summary From the unsaponifiable fraction of an ethereal extract of the leaves ofBetula ermanii a new triterpene of the dammarane series — 20,24-epoxydammarane-3,6,25-trol (II) — and its 6-O-acetyl derivative (I) have been isolated.Pacific Ocean Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Scientific Center of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Vladivostok. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 587–590, September–October, 1978.     

Diterpenoids ofPulicaria salviifolia IV. Structures of salvicinolide and salvicinolin

Two new clerodanolides — salvicinolide and salvicinolin — have been isolated from the epigeal part ofPulicaria salviifolia Bge inMem (fam. Compositae). Their structures have been established by an investigation of their spectral and physicochemical characteristics. It has been found that salvicinolide is capable of cyclizing at the C-6 and C-19 carbon atoms with the formation of a second lactone ring. The structure of 6-hydroxy-19-carboxy-trans-clero-3,13-dien-15-olide is proposed for salvicinolide, and 6,13-dihydroxy-19-carboxy-rans-cleroda-3,13-diene for salvicinolin.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent fax (3712) 40 64 75. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 594–598, July–August, 1997.     

A new quercetin diglycoside from Campanula glomerata

Summary A new quercetin diglycoside — campanuloside — has been isolated from the herbage ofCampanula glomerata L., and for it the structure of quercetin 3-O--D-galactopyranoside-7-O--D-glucopyranoside has been proposed.Leningrad Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 134–136, March–April, 1975.     

Alkaloids of the epigeal part ofConvolvulus krauseanus

The epigeal part ofConvolvulus krauseanus collected in two vegetation periods — flowering and fruit-bearing — has been studied for the first time. Five bases have been isolated. Convolvine, convolamine, and convolidine proved to be known, phyllalbine was isolated from this species for the first time, and colvolicine proved to be a new base for which the structure of (±)-N-acetoxy-3-veratroyl-nortropine has been established.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 527–529, July–August, 1979.     

Sinapoyl ester of glucoerysimoside inErysimum marschallianum

Summary A new cardenolide glycoside — sinapoylglucoerysimoside — having the structure of strophanthidin 3-0-[0-sinapoyl--D-glucopyranosyl-(14) 0--digitoxopyranoside — has been found in the seeds ofErysimum marshallianum.Kiev Institute for the Further Training of Doctors. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii No. 5, pp. 603–606, September–October, 1975.     

Steroid saponins and sapogenins ofAllium. XIX. The structure of karatavigenin C

Two new steroid glycosides of the spirostan series — karataviosides E and F — have been isolated from inflorescences ofAllium karataviense Regel. Smith degradation of these compounds has given a steroid sapogenin, karatavigenin C, which is (25S)-spirost-5-ene-2,3,24S-triol. Its structure was established from an analysis of spectral characteristics.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 736–740, November–December, 1983.     

Triterpene glycosides ofSilphium perfoliatum. III. Structure of silphioside E

A new triterpene glycoside — silphioside E — has been isolated from the epigeal part ofSilphium perfoliatum L. and its structure has been established on the basis of chemical transformations and spectral characteristics as oleanolic acid 28-0--D-glycopyranoside 3-0-[0--D-glycopyranosyl-(1 2)--D-glucopyranoside].Pyatigorsk Pharmaceutical Institute. Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnikh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 750–753, November–December, 1984.     

Structure and properties of estragonoside — A new flavonoid from the epigeal part ofArtemisia dracunculus

We have studied the chemical and spectral properties of estragonoside — a new flavonoid compound isolated from the epigeal part ofArtemisia dracunculus L. (variety Gribovskii) and having the structure of 4,5,6,7,8-pentahydroxy-3-methoxyflavone 8-O--L-rhamnopyranoside. Pinocembrin 7-O--D-glucopyranoside has also been isolated from the same raw material for the first time.Samara State Medical University, fax (846-2) 33 29 76. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, Vol. 33, No. 1, pp. 61–65, January–February, 1997.     

Minor diterpenoids of Teucrium chamaedrys

Summary The structures of four new diternenoids ofTeucrium chamaedrys L.—teucrins B, E, F, and G, be-longing to the group of rearranged labdanes — has been shown. For teucrins E and F, the trans-(5, 10)-linkage of rings A/B has been shown.Institute of Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Moldavian SSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 589–598, September–October, 1974.     

The structure of feterin — A new terpenoid coumarin fromFerula teterrima

Summary From the roots ofFerula teterrima Kar. et Kir. a new terpenoid coumarin — feterin — has been isolated with the formula C₂₆H₃₂O₆, mp 155–158°C, [] _D ^2° -52.02° (chloroform), M⁺ 440, the structure and relative configuration of which have been established with the aid of the INDOR method and on the basis of a study of the PMR spectra in the presence of the paramagnetic shift reagent Eu(DMP)₃.All-Union Scientific-Research Institute of Medicinal Plants, Moscow. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 3, pp. 318–322, May–June, 1978.     

Proanthocyanidins ofZiziphus jujuba

The catechin and proanthocyanidin compositions of the leaves and bark ofZiziphus jujuba have been studied over the vegetation periods. This has led to the isolation of 16 compounds, including 8 monomeric catechins — (–)-epiafzelechin, (–)-epicatechin, (–)-epigallocatechin, (–)-epicatechin gallate, (–)-epigal-locatechin gallate, (+)-catechin, (+)-catechin gallate, and (+)-gallocatechin; 4 dimeric proanthocyanidins — (–)-epiafzelechin-(4-8)-(–)-epicatechin, proanthocyanidin B-2, (–)-epicatechin-(4-8)-(–)-epigallocatechin, and (–)-epiafzelechin-(4-8)-(–)-epigallocatechin; and 4 oligomeric proanthocyanidins consisting of epiafzelechin, epigallocatechin, catechin, and epicatechin with different degrees of polymerization. Their structures have been established by a study of PMR and¹³C NMR spectra and the products of chemical transformation.The materials of this paper were presented at the Second International Symposium on the Chemistry of Natural Compounds (SCNC, Eskiehir, Turkey, October 22–24, 1996).Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 221–231, March–April, 1997.