SYNTHESIS OF POLYBINAPHTHYLS INCORPORATING CHIRAL(R)-1,1''''-BI-2,2''''-NAPHTHOL ENTITIES WITH p-DIVINYLBENZENE BY Pd-CATALYZED HECK REACTION

INTRODUCTION(R) or (S) 2,2'-binaphthnol (BINOL) have often been used as the starting materials for obtaining chiral binaphthylcompounds. The 2,2'-hydroxyl groups of BINOL can be easily converted into other functional groups and the3,3'-and 6,6'-positions of naphthyl skeletal structure of BINOL can be selectively functionalized, leading to avariety of binaphthyl derivatives which can exhibit remarkably stable chiral configuration as well as high chiralinduction in many asymmetric proc…     

PHOTOREACTION OF BENZ(A)PYRENE IN SOLUTIONS CONTAINING POLYMER

Abstract— An unusual photo-reaction of benz(a)pyrene has been investigated by measuring prompt and delayed fluorescence spectra. The proposed mechanism involves adsorption of triplet benz(a)pyrene by the polymer and its reaction to give substitution products. Further work is in progress with pyrene, which also undergoes photo-reaction in the presence of polymer.     

N-甲基-N-(2-甲基丙烯酰氧乙基)苯胺与其聚合物的荧光光谱

<正> 我们曾报道过甲基丙烯酸-4-N,N-二甲氨基苄酯(DMABMA)、N-(4-N′N′-二甲氨基苯基)代丙烯酰胺(DMAPMA)、8-丙烯酰氧喹啉(AQ)、N-丙烯酰-N′-苯基哌嗪(APP)等在同一分子中含有缺电子双键和给电子发色基团的单体及它们的聚合物在溶液中的荧光行为。在相同的链节克分子浓度下,这些单体的荧光强度比其聚合物的荧光强度低很多。我们将这种现象称为“结构自猝灭现象”。这种现象是由于共存在这类     

水溶性芴与噻吩共聚物的合成及蛋白质对其荧光猝灭的影响

采用Suzuki偶合方法合成了含羧酸基团的新型阴离子型水溶性绿光的9,9’-二丙酸钠芴(DPF)和噻吩(TH)共聚物,聚合物分子量约为9000左右,具有较好的水溶性(5 mg/mL).研究了共聚物在不同pH水溶液中的荧光性质,结果表明当pH ＜4时,羧基以COOH形式存在,造成共聚物溶解度降低并产生聚集,荧光减弱;当p...     

Sensitized phosphorescence of benzil-doped ladder-type methyl-poly(para-phenylene)

The delayed luminescence and phosphorescence of ladder-type methyl-poly(para-phenylene) (MeLPPP) doped with benzil at a concentration of 20% by weight has been measured. The introduction of benzil leads to a dramatic reduction of the polymer singlet emission. At the same time, a new band with maximum at 611 nm appears, corresponding to the phosphorescence of MeLPPP. The phosphorescence decay on the short time scale is close to an exponential law with a time decay of 15 ms. This indicates that benzil can efficiently sensitize the phosphorescence of the polymer. In addition, a broad and featureless emission is observed in the delayed luminescence spectra of benzil-doped MeLPPP, which is attributed to an exciplex formed between the polymer host and the dopant. We further observe that the delayed fluorescence is enhanced by the addition of benzil. It is concluded that the delayed fluorescence of benzil-doped MeLPPP is mainly due to the annihilation of triplet excitons on the polymer. Finally, efficient triplet-triplet energy transfer from the benzil-doped polymer to the red-emitting phosphorescent dye Pt(II)octaethylporphyrin is established.     

SYNTHESIS OF POLYBINAPHTHYLS INCORPORATING CHIRAL （R）-1,1′-BI-2,2′-NAPHTHOL ENTITIES WITH p-DIVINYLBENZENE BY Pd-CATALYZED HECK REACTION

Polymer (Ⅰ) and polymer (Ⅱ) were obtained by the polymerization of (R)-6,6′-dibromo-2,2′-binaphtho-20-crown-6 (M-l) and (R)-6,6′-dibromo-2,2′-di(methoxyethoxymethyloxy)-1,1′-binaphthyl (M-2) with p-divinylbenzene under Pdcatalyzed Heck reaction. The UV, fluorescence and CD spectra of polymer (Ⅰ) and (Ⅱ) are similar due to the same linkers present in their polymer chain. Polymers (Ⅰ) and (Ⅱ) can emit strong blue fluorescence and are expected to have potential applications in polarized blue-light emitting sensors. The chiral conjugated polymers (Ⅰ) and (Ⅱ) exhibit a strong Cotton effect in their circular dichroism (CD) spectra, indicating a high rigidity of polymer backbone.     

Modulating the emission intensity of poly-(9,9-bis(6'-N,N,N-trimethylammonium)hexyl)-fluorene phenylene) bromide through interaction with sodium alkylsulfonate surfactants

The interaction between the cationic HTMA-PFP (Poly-(9,9-bis(6'-N,N,N-trimethylammonium)hexyl-fluorene phenylene) bromide) and oppositely charged sodium n-alkyl sulfonate surfactants of different chain lengths has been studied in DMSO-water solutions (4% v/v) by UV-visible absorption, fluorescence spectroscopy, fluorescence lifetimes, electrical conductivity, and (1)H NMR spectroscopy. Polymer-surfactant interactions lead to complex spectroscopic behaviors which depends on surfactant concentration. At low surfactant concentrations, the observed strong static fluorescence quenching of fluorescence seems to be associated with formation of aggregates between polymer chains neutralized through interaction with surfactants. This is supported by conductivity and by analysis of absorption spectra deconvoluted at each surfactant concentration using an adapted iterative method. In contrast, above the surfactant critical micelle concentration, there is a strong fluorescence enhancement, leading in some cases to higher intensities than in the absence of surfactants. This is attributed to the transformation of the initially formed aggregates into some new aggregate species involving surfactant and polymer. These changes in HTMA-PFP fluorescence as a function of n-alkyl sulfonate concentration are important for the general understanding of polymer-surfactant interactions, and the aggregates formed may be important as novel systems for applications of these conjugated polyelectrolytes.     

Fluorescence of the DNA double helix (dA)20 x (dT)20 studied by femtosecond spectroscopy--effect of the duplex size on the properties of the excited states

The fluorescence of the DNA double-stranded oligomer (dA)20 x (dT)20 is studied at room temperature by fluorescence up-conversion at times shorter than 10 ps. The profile of the up-conversion spectra is similar to that of the steady-state fluorescence spectrum, showing that the majority of the photons are emitted within the probed time scale. At all the probed wavelengths, the fluorescence decays are slower than those of the monomeric chromophores dAMP and TMP. The fluorescence anisotropy decays show strong wavelength dependence. These data allow us to conclude that energy transfer takes place in this double helix and that this process involves exciton states. The spectral and dynamical properties of the oligomer are compared to those of the polymer poly(dA) x poly(dT), composed of about 2000 base pairs, reported previously. The oligomer absorption spectrum is characterized by a smaller hypsochromic shift and weaker hypochromism compared to the polymer. Moreover, the fluorescence decays of (dA)20 x (dT)20 are twice as fast as those of poly(dA) x poly(dT), and its fluorescence anisotropy decays more slowly. These differences are the fingerprints of a larger delocalization of the excited states induced by an increase in the size of the duplex.     

高分子化的阿司匹灵在水解过程中的荧光研究

<正> 近年来小分子化合物的高分子化引起人们广泛的注意。经高分子固定化(Immobilization)的小分子表现出一些原来并不具备的行为。利用荧光光谱来研究小分子经高分子化后发生的变化具有独特之处,我们曾用此法对小分子吖啶橙的高分子化问题进行过详细的研究。     

A highly selective fluorescence-based polymer sensor incorporating an (R,R)-salen moiety for Zn(2+) detection

A chiral polymer incorporating an (R,R)-salen moiety was synthesized by the polymerization of (R,R)-1,2-diaminocyclohexane with 2,5-dibutoxy-1,4-di(salicyclaldehyde)-1,4-diethynyl-benzene by a nucleophilic addition-elimination reaction. The fluorescence responses of the (R,R)-salen-based polymer toward various metal ions were investigated by fluorescence spectra. Compared with other cations, such as Na(+), K(+), Mg(2+), Ca(2+), Mn(2+), Fe(2+), Fe(3+), Co(2+), Ni(2+), Cu(2+), Ag(+), Cd(2+), Hg(2+), and Pb(2+), Zn(2+) can lead to a pronounced fluorescence enhancement as high as 7.8-fold together with an obvious blue-shift change of the chiral polymer. More importantly, the fluorescent color of the polymer changed to bright blue instead of weak yellow after addition of Zn(2+), which can be easily detected by the naked eye. The results indicate that this kind of chiral polymer, incorporating an (R,R)-salen moiety as a receptor in the main chain backbone, can exhibit high sensitivity and selectivity for Zn(2+) recognition.     

Thermally stimulated chemiluminescence in photo-oxidized poly(ethylene 2,6-naphthalene dicarboxylate)

Poly(ethylene 2,6-naphthalene dicarboxylate) exhibits thermally stimulated chemiluminescence after exposure to ultraviolet radiation and oxygen. The chemiluminescence spectrum is essentially the same as the fluorescence spectrum of the polymer with a maximum intensity at 430 nm. Upon heating, the decay of the luminescence follows a first-order law with an activation energy of 26.3 ± 0.3 kcal/mole. A comparison of the ultraviolet absorption spectra of the polymer before and after exposure to ultraviolet light and oxygen indicates that the naphthalene ring is oxidized. Heating the polymer above 80°C causes decomposition of the initial photo-oxide to produce luminescence.     

High-resolution NMR spectra and phase equilibria in poly(phenylacetylene)-diluent mixtures

The C-13 NMR spectra of partly crystalline poly(phenylacetylene) (PPA) in CDCl₃ CCl₄ are rather well resolved and the peaks can be matched with those of 1, 3,5-triphenylbenzene. A different, less-well-resolved C-13 spectrum is characteristic of a disordered PPA obtained by heating. We conclude that crystalline PPA has the chain conformation of a cis-cis-oid helix. This interpretation is consistent with the proton NMR spectra and is supported by the fluorescence spectra, which can display two bands, one concluded to be characteristic of the cis-cis-oid conformation, the other of chain conjugation in the disordered polymer. Phase equilibria of PPA in the presence of chloroform were determined and are represented as those of the quasiternary mixture cis-cis-oid helix, disordered polymer, and chloroform.     

Coumarinyl(thienyl)thiazoles as new fluorescent molecular photoswitches

A number of new photochromic 3-(4-phenylthiazol-5-yl)-and 3-(4-hetarylthiazol-5-yl)- coumarins has been synthesized. These compounds possess properties of molecular photo- switches providing a reversible change of the fluorescence intensity in the visible region of the spectrum upon alternating irradiation of their solutions with the visible and UV light. Irradiation with the UV light (λ < 400 nm) leads to their electrocyclization and loss of fluorescence, whereas irradiation of the cyclic form with the visible light (λ < 400 nm) returns the system to the state with the original absorption and fluorescence spectra. Switching of fluorescence is also observed in polymer matrices.     

Synthesis and characterization of fluorescently labelled poly(vinyl acetate) particles

Nonaqueous dispersions of poly(vinyl acetate) particles stabilized with poly(2-ethylhexyl methacrylate) and labelled with fluorescent dyes in the core and stabilizer polymer phases were prepared. The materials were characterized using a broad range of techniques (NMR, UV, and fluorescence spectroscopy. GPC, particle sizing, and DSC). The data show that dispersion polymerization of vinyl acetate in the presence of stabilizers containing certain fluorescent dye derivatives, instead of unlabelled stabilizer, results in changes in the mean particle size, size distribution, composition, and molecular weights of the colloidal polymer particles. It was found that increasing the amounts of fluorescent groups in the stabilizer resulted in smaller mean particle sizes and larger amounts of irreversibly attached stabilizer. When the average number of labels in stabilizer exceeded one per chain, a new ultra-high molecular weight polymer fraction appeared. The fluorescence spectra for several of these materials are reported. We describe how fluorescence decay curves can be used to assess block formation and local phase separation in particles labelled with phenanthrene groups. These materials are intended to be used for more detailed studies by fluorescence spectroscopy. Those results will be published in due course.     

SYNTHESIS OF CROSS-CONJUGATED （p-PHENYLENE）S-POLY（p- PHENYLENEVINYLENE）S HYBRIDS WITH LOW CONTENT OF STRUCTURAL DEFECTS

The novel shish-kebab-type liquid crystalline cross-conjugated （p-phenylene）s-poly（p-phenylenevinylene）s hybrid was synthesized through Gilch polymerization. Their structures and properties were characterized by NMR, GPC, DSC, X-ray diffraction and polarizing optical microscope （POM）. ^1H-NMR investigation of the polymers indicates that the shish-kebab-structure has a strong ability to suppress the structural defects in the polymers. The polymers are enantiotropic liquid crystals. The melting point （Tm） of the polymers decreases when the length of the alkoxy tails of the mesogenic units increases. The mesophase was identified by X-ray diffraction method. They showed not only a smectic LC phase, but also a strong green fluorescence in chloroform. The maximum absorption band of the ＂kebabs＂ of the two, 5-bis（4＇- alkoxyphenyl）benzene at 280 nm did not appear in absorption spectra of the polymers. The same phenomena were also observed in the fluorescence spectra. These results imply that the polymers have formed a cross-conjugated uniform structure and achieved an extended n-conjugation polymer.     

Fluorescence probing of interior, interfacial, and exterior regions in solution aggregates of poly(ethylene oxide)- poly(propylene oxide)-poly(ethylene oxide) triblock copolymers

Fluorescence spectroscopy is used to probe local environments within regions of different polarity and hydrophobicity in aqueous aggregates of PEO(109)-PPO(41)-PEO(109) triblock copolymers. These copolymer aggregates have well characterized microphases in aqueous solution. Concentrations and temperatures for our studies are chosen such that the copolymers are in unimer, micellar, or micellar hydrogel forms. The observed fluorescence spectra and lifetimes from solutions individually labeled with each of the three coumarin probes report on the changes in the local polarity of the core, exterior, interfacial, and corona regions of these copolymer aggregates. This multiple fluorescence probe methodology will be straightforward to apply in general to problems in polymer and biopolymer aggregates, especially those that display strong hydrophobic effects.     

Photochemical and photophysical properties of three carbon-bridged fullerene dimers: C121 (I, II, III)

The photochemical and photophysical properties of the three C121 isomers (I, II, III) were investigated with MADLI-TOF-MS, UV-vis spectra, fluorescence spectra, absorption spectra of their DMA complexes, and theoretical calculations. The three isomers of C121 (I, II, III) have different stabilities under laser irradiation, but isomer I and isomer II show good stability against the heat-induced conversion between different isomers: No conversion between the isomers was found after heating the mixture of isomer I and isomer II at 353 K for 12 h in Ar atmosphere. The results of UV-vis absorption and fluorescence spectra indicate that interactions between two C60 moieties of C60=C=C60 in the ground and singlet states are not significant, C121 (I, II, III) behaves as an electron-acceptor similar to C60. These indicate that the formation of the fullerene chain structure (e.g., C60=C=C60) does not disturb the photochemical and photophysical properties of the C60 monomer itself, even that the properties were enhanced by the formation of the polymer. This is significant for the C60 polymer in photochemical or photoelectronic applications in which C60=C=C60 can be an excellent basic unit of polymers.     

New Water‐Soluble Cationic Poly(p‐phenylenevinylene) Derivative: the Interaction with DNA and Selective Fluorescence Enhancement Induced by ssDNA

A new cationic cyano‐substituted poly(p‐phenylenevinylene) (N‐CNPPV) is synthesized by Knoevenagel condensation. The water‐soluble polymer shows different emission spectra in different solvents and displays unique fluorescent behaviors in the mixed solvents of water and THF. The new polymer can form a complex with ssDNA by adopting a more planar conformation, exhibiting red shift of emission wavelength and enhancement of fluorescence intensity. By investigating the fluorescent response of N‐CNPPV to various surfactants, we demonstrate that the hydrophobic interaction and electrostatic interaction result in the selective response of N‐CNPPV to ssDNA. This is the first report on selective fluorescence enhancement of conjugated polyelectrolyte induced by ssDNA.     

Relaxation of photo-excitations in films of oligo- and poly-(para-phenylene vinylene) derivatives

The photo-luminescence from solid films of poly(para-phenylene vinylene) polymers and an oligomeric model system, consisting of seven repeat units, are investigated at low temperature (8 K) using time-resolved spectroscopic techniques. Results are compared to those for the materials in solution. In the case of the oligomer, the shape of the visible absorption band observed for the film is quite different from the band shape for the polymer in frozen solution and is characteristic of H-type aggregates. Theoretical models are presented describing the dependence of the band shape of absorption and emission spectra on intermolecular excited state interactions, electron-vibration coupling and disorder represented by distributions of the molecular excitation and intermolecular interaction energies. Using these models, it is concluded that intermolecular interactions in the film of the oligomer are strong (1400 cm⁻¹), and the disorder low, implying delocalization of the excitation over several molecules. In accordance with these models the fluorescence lifetime for the film (2 ns) is considerably longer than for isolated molecules in solution (0.45 ns). The emission spectra of the film, taken early after excitation, are consistent with delocalization of the excitation over several molecules. A time-dependent red shift of the fluorescence band is observed and interpreted in terms of migration of localized excitations between disorder induced trap sites, which exist in the low energy tail of the density of excited states. For the polymers, differences between the shape of the absorption bands of solid film and frozen solution are smaller than for the oligomer indicating that interchain interactions that are, on average, weaker than for the oligomer. For the polymer films, a time-dependent red shift of the emission is observed and fluorescence depolarization measurements provide direct evidence for migration of the photo-excitations between trap sites. For one polymer, a time dependent change in the band shape of the fluorescence after pulsed excitation is observed with the band shape of the long-lived emission being compatible with that expected for an excitation delocalized over at least two, nearly parallel aligned, chains. For a second polymer, the emission band shape and its time evolution indicate that the major part of the fluorescence originates from disorder induced luminescent sites. These results indicate that the spectroscopic properties of films of π-conjugated polymer critically depend on parameters such as density of defects and excited state interchain interaction energy.     

Fluorescence and Photosensitizing Behavior of N-(p-Phenoxyphenyl)methacrylamide and Its Polymer

IntroductionWe have reported the syntheses of vinylmonomers bearing chromophores[1— 8] ,such as N -acryloyl- N′- 2 - pyrimidinylpiperazine,4- (N,N-dime- thylamino) benzyl methacrylate,N - acryloyl-N′- diphenylpiperazines,N- (4- dimethy-laminophenyl ) maleimide,N- (4- dimethy-laminophenyl) itaconimide,N- acryloylphenothiateetc.and their photochemical and photo- initiationbehaviors. Owing to the electron- donating chro-mophore and electron- accepting double bonds coex-isting in the same mo…