On extensions of the Baer-Suzuki Theorem

We find a necessary and sufficient condition for an element of prime order in a finite group to be in a normalp-subgroup. This generalizes the Baer-Suzuki Theorem. Our proof depends on a result about elements of prime order contained in a unique maximal subgroup containing a result of Wielandt. We discuss various consequences, linear and algebraic group versions of the result. For John Thompson Partially supported by NSF grant DMS-91011407. Partially supported by NSF grant DMS-9208667.     

TRANSCENDENTAL AND ALGEBRAIC EXTENSIONS OF COMMUTATIVE RINGS

Abstract

Transcendental and algebraic elements over commutative rings are defined. Rings with zero nil radical are considered. For a transcendental over R, necessary and sufficient conditions are derived for elements of R[α] to be algebraic or transcendental over R. For R a ring with identity and a finite number of minimal prime ideals, necessary and sufficient conditions are given for any element in a unitary overring of R to be algebraic or transcendental over R. It is proved that if α is algebraic Over R, so is every element of R[α]. It is show that if R is Noetherian, β is algebraic over R[α] and α is algebraic over R, then, under certain conditions, β is algebraic over R. If R has a finite number of minimal prime ideals, P₁,…,P_k, which are pairwise comaximal, then if t is transcendental over R, R[t] can be obtained by adjoining k algebraic elements a_i over R to R whose defining polynomials are in P_i [x], and conversely, if such elements are adjoined to R, they generate an element transcendental over R.     

关于有限群的Pronormal极小子群

利用有限群G的pronormal极小子群和Sylow子群正规化子中的素数阶弱左Engel元素得到了G成为p-幂零群、幂零群和超可解群的一些充分条件,这些结果推广了已知结论。     

On Convex Subgroups of Groups with the Interpolation Property

Characteristics of groups with the interpolation relation (not necessarily directed) are considered. A necessary and sufficient condition for a partially ordered group to be an interpolation group is obtained. An almost orthogonality criterion for positive elements of an interpolation group is proved. Characteristics of minimal convex directed subgroups containing almost orthogonal elements are described. Properties of convex directed subgroups in the subclass of interpolation groups in which each element is a quotient of two almost orthogonal elements are investigated.     

Scenery reconstruction on finite abelian groups

We consider the question of when a random walk on a finite abelian group with a given step distribution can be used to reconstruct a binary labeling of the elements of the group, up to a shift. Matzinger and Lember (2006) give a sufficient condition for reconstructability on cycles. While, as we show, this condition is not in general necessary, our main result is that it is necessary when the length of the cycle is prime and larger than 5, and the step distribution has only rational probabilities. We extend this result to other abelian groups.     

函数域的双重根式扩域及素除子的密度

设K/F_q是整体函数域,l是与q互素的素数,ξ_1是K的固定代数闭包中的本原l次单位根.对于a,b∈K~*-(K~*)~l,本文主要讨论了根式扩域K(a~(1/2))与K(a~(1/l),(b~(1/l))的性质,利用Kummer理论给出了K(a~(1/l))/K与K(a~(1/l),b~(1/l))/K不是几何扩张的充要条件.当a,b是l-无关时,对于K的素除子P及对应的离散赋值环θ_P,利用这两类扩张的性质,通过分析a,b生成循环群(θ_P/P)~*的充要条件,本文明确给出了满足使得a,b生成循环群(θ_P/P)~*的全体素除子集合M_(a,b)的Dirichlet密度公式.     

On covered prime elements and complete homomorphisms of frames

Abstract

It is a standard fact that the right adjoints h_* of general frame homomor- phisms h : L → M send prime elements to prime elements. Unlike this, the preservation of covered prime elements by complete frame homomorphism is a special fact. Indeed, if L is totally ordered this happens (for arbitrary M) if and only if L is well-ordered. On the other hand, if M is both a frame and a co-frame there is no restriction on L.

This work was motivated by the fact that, in an earlier paper, we erroneously claimed h_* preserves covered primeness for any complete frame homomorphism h.     

A Class of Solvable Lie Algebras with Triangular Decompositions

So far there has been elementary proof for Frobenius's theorem only in special cases: if the complement is solvable, see e.g. [3], if the complement is of even order, see e.g. [6]. In the first section we consider the case, when the order of the complement is odd. We define a graph the vertices of which are the set K^# of elements of our Frobenius group with 0 fixed points. Two vertices are connected with an edge if and only if the corresponding elements commute. We prove with elementary methods that K is a normal subgroup in G if and only if there exists an element x in K^# such that all elements of K^# belonging to the connected component C of K^# containing x are at most distance 2 from c and N^G(C) is not a -group, where is the set of prime divisors of the Frobenius complement of G. In the second section we generalize the case when the order of the complement is even, proving that the Frobenius kernel is a normal subgroup, if a fixed element a of the complement, the order of which is a minimal prime divisor of the order of the complement, generates a solvable subgroup together with any ofits conjugates. In the third section we prove a generalization of the Glauberman-Thompson normal p-complement theorem, and using this wegive another sufficient condition for the Frobenius kernel to be a normal subgroup for |G| odd, namely we prove this under the conditionthat all the Sylow normalizers in G intersect some of the complements     

关于两个多元多项式互素问题

给出了两个二元多项式互素的充要条件 ,然后利用这个充要条件推出二元多项式互素的性质 ,最后给出一般的 n元多项式互素的充要条件 .     

A necessary and sufficient condition for dual Weyl-Heisenberg frames to be compactly supported

In this note we consider continuous-time Weyl-Heisenberg (Gabor) frame expansions with rational oversampling. We present a necessary and sufficient condition on a compactly supported function g(t) generating a Weyl-Heisenberg frame for L² () for its minimal dual (Wexler-Razdual) ⁰ (t) to be compactly supported. We furthermore provide a necessary and sufficient condition for a band-limited function g(t) generating a Weyl-Heisenberg frame for L² () to have a band-limited minimal dual ⁰ (t). As a consequence of these conditions, we show that in the cases of integer oversampling and critical sampling a compactly supported (band-limited) g(t) has a compactly supported (band-limited) minimal dual ⁰(t) if and only if the Weyl-Heisenberg frame operator is a multiplication operator in the time (frequency) domain. Our proofs rely on the Zak transform, on the Zibulski-Zeevi representation of the Weyl-Heisenberg frame operator, and on the theory of polynomial matrices.on leave from Department of Communications, Vienna University of TechnologyThis work was supported in part by FWF grants P10531-ÖPH, P12228-TEC, and J1629-TEC.     

Quadratic residues and the combinatorics of sign multiplication

If S is a nonempty finite set of positive integers, we find a criterion both necessary and sufficient for S to satisfy the following condition: if q is a fixed nonnegative integer, then there exists infinitely many primes p such that S contains exactly q quadratic residues of p. This result simultaneously generalizes two previous results of the author, and the criterion used is expressed by means of a purely combinatorial condition on the prime factors of the elements of S of odd multiplicity.     

形式实模的核心

通过含单位元的交换环的实素理想构造出对应的模的实素子模,得到模的序存在的一个充要条件,并对模的所有序的支集的交集(文中称作"模的核心")作出一定的刻划,找到了判断模中的元素属于模的核心的充要条件.     

合数是绝对假素数的充要条件

利用正整数模的特征数这一新概念给出了合数是绝对假素数的充要条件。以此为据，证明了绝对假素数是奇数，它无异于1的平方因数，并且至少是三个互异的奇素数的乘积；还给出了两个绝对假素数或两个大于1的奇数的乘积是绝对假素数的充要条件。     

Space of minimal prime ideals of a ring without nilpotent elements

Hull-kernel topology on the set ∑(R) of prime ideals of a ring R with unity and without nilpotent elements is discussed. The restriction of this topology to the set π(R) of minimal prime ideals of R has been investigated in detail. The compactness of π(R) has been characterized in several ways. An interesting characterization of Baer rings is given.A functorial correspondence between the category of rings having the property that every prime ideal contains a unique minimal prime ideal and their minimal spectra is established.     

Existence theorem and minimal cardinality of UEP framelets and MEP bi-framelets

Based on multiresolution analysis (MRA) structures combined with the unitary extension principle (UEP), many frame wavelets were constructed, which are called UEP framelets. The aim of this letter is to derive general properties of UEP framelets based on the spectrum of the center space of the underlying MRA structures. We first give the existence theorem, that is, we give a necessary and sufficient condition that an MRA structure can derive UEP framelets. Second, we present a split trick that each mother function can be split into several functions such that the set consisting of these functions is still a UEP framelet. Third, we determine the minimal cardinality of UEP framelets. Finally, we directly construct UEP framelets with the minimal cardinality. Based on a pair of multiresolution analysis (MRA) structures, when their spectra intersect, we can always construct a pair of dual frame wavelets using mixed extension principle (MEP). This pair of dual frame wavelets is called a pair of MEP bi-framelets. We also give the split trick and find out the minimal cardinality of such MEP bi-framelets.     

Primes in the semigroup of non-negative matrices

A matrix A in the semigroup N_n of non-negative n×nmatrices is prime if A is not monomial and A=BC,BCεN_n implies that either B or C is monomial. One necessary and another sufficient condition are given for a matrix in N_n to be prime. It is proved that every prime in N_n is completely decomposable.     

关于拟d-Koszul模的一个注记

本文研究了文献[4]中给出的极小马蹄型引理成立的充分条件.借助拟d-Koszul模给出了一个充要条件并给出了一个极小马蹄型引理的应用.     

Indecomposable continua and the Julia sets of polynomials, II

We find necessary and sufficient conditions for the connected Julia set of a polynomial of degree d?2 to be an indecomposable continuum. One necessary and sufficient condition is that the impression of some prime end (external ray) of the unbounded complementary domain of the Julia set J has nonempty interior in J. Another is that every prime end has as its impression the entire Julia set. The latter answers a question posed in 1993 by the second two authors.We show by example that, contrary to the case for a polynomial Julia set, the image of an indecomposable subcontinuum of the Julia set of a rational function need not be indecomposable.     

Regularity in algebraic frames

This article considers algebraic frames in which the meet of two compact elements is compact, and, in that context, when the subframe of all regular elements is itself regular. Motivated by the study of a frame of convex ?-subgroups of a lattice-ordered group, a number of relevant sufficient conditions are given for this subframe to be regular. An example is given of a frame of convex ?-subgroups for which the subframe of regular elements is not regular.     

On a problem from the Kourovka Notebook

In this article, it is proved that if a group G coincides with its commutator subgroup, is generated by a finite set of classes of conjugate elements, and contains a proper minimal normal subgroup A such that the factor group G/A coincides with the normal closure of one element, then G coincides with the normal closure of an element. From this a positive answer to question 5.52 from the Kourovka Notebook for the group with the condition of minimality on normal subgroups follows. We have found a necessary and sufficient condition for a group coinciding with its commutator subgroup and generated by a finite set of classes of conjugate elements not to coincide with the normal closure of any element. __________ Translated from Fundamentalnaya i Prikladnaya Matematika, Vol. 11, No. 3, pp. 119–125, 2005.