Stability Constants of Complexes of Divalent and Rare Earth Metals with Substituted Salicynals

Summary.  5-Chloro-4-6-dimethyl-salicylaldehyde was synthesized from 4-chloro-3,5-dimethyl-phenol. A series of substituted salicynals were obtained by condensation of 5-chloro-4,6-dimethyl-salicylaldehyde with several amines. The amines were chosen such as to vary the basicity of salicynals by changing the substituents at one of the coordination sites. The stability constants of complexes of bivalent (Mg²⁺, Ca²⁺, Co²⁺, Ni²⁺, Cu²⁺, Zn²⁺, Cd²⁺) and trivalent (Y³⁺, La³⁺, Pr³⁺, Nd³⁺, Sm³⁺, Eu³⁺, Gd³⁺, Tb³⁺, Er³⁺, Yb³⁺) metal ions with these salicynals and the pK values corresponding to the dissociation of the phenolic proton and the association of a proton to the azomethine nitrogen were determined potentiometrically using the Calvin-Bjerrum technique as adopted by Irving and Rossotti at 303 K and a constant ionic strength of 0.1 M in a 75:25 (v/v) dioxan-water mixture in an inert atmosphere. The influence of substituents on the proton affinity of the ligands was examined on the basis of inductive and mesomeric effects. It is also shown that some of the complexes possess antibacterial, antitubercular, antifungal, and anticoagulant activity. Received August 5, 1999./Accepted November 11, 1999     

阳离子型稀土金属有机化合物

阳离子型金属有机化合物是催化烯烃聚合反应的活性物种,其结构与性质直接影响所得聚合物的微观结构和性能,具有重要的研究价值。对四族金属有机化合物的深入研究也推动了对其他前过渡金属和稀土金属有机化合物的研究。与为数众多的中性及阴离子型稀土金属有机化合物相比,由于具有较高的反应性、合成与分离不易,阳离子型稀土金属有机化合物直到最近才逐渐得到重视。本文介绍了近年来在阳离子型稀土金属有机化合物的合成、结构和催化烯烃聚合反应领域的研究进展。     

Acid Dissociation Constants and Rare Earth Stability Constants for DTPA

Diethylenetriamine-N,N,N′,N″,N″-pentaacetic acid (DTPA) is an octadentate aminopolycarboxylate complexing agent whose f-element complexes find important practical applications in nuclear medicine and in advanced nuclear fuel reprocessing. This investigation focuses primarily on the latter application, specifically on characterization of lanthanide–DTPA complexes of relevance to the Trivalent Actinide–Lanthanide Separations by Phosphorus reagent Extraction and Aqueous Komplexants (TALSPEAK) process. To function acceptably, the TALSPEAK process requires the presence of moderate concentrations (0.5–2.0 mol·L^?1) of a (Na⁺/H⁺) lactate (or citrate) buffer. Competition between DTPA, lactate, and the extractant bis(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid (HDEHP) for the lanthanides and trivalent actinides governs the course of the extraction process. To facilitate modeling and to support process improvements, the acid dissociation constants and stability constants for rare earth complexes with DTPA have been determined in 2.0 mol·L^?1 ionic strength (NaClO₄) media. The acid dissociation constants for DTPA and the stability constant for [Eu(DTPA)]^2? also were determined in sodium trifluoromethanesulfonate at 2.0 mol·L^?1 ionic strength to evaluate the potential impact of changing the nature of the electrolyte. The thermodynamic data are compared with earlier reports of similar data at lower ionic strength and used to complete calculations exploring the relative stability of lanthanide–DTPA and lactate complexes under TALSPEAK extraction conditions. Lanthanide–DTPA stability trends are discussed in comparison with literature data on a variety of other metal ions.     

Quinaldic Acid Complexes with Some Trivalent Rare Earth Metals

The Polarographic behaviour of quinaldic acid in the presence of lanthanide cations (Kd³⁺, Gd³⁺, Er³⁺) is studied at pH=4.5 and 0.1 M HClO₄ as supporting electrolyte. The polarographic reduction gives two waves at lower concentrations of quinaldic acid and three waves at higher concentrations. The nature of the waves was investigated. The dissociation constant of quinaldic acid as well as the stability constants of some lanthanide cation complexes with quinaldic acid were determined potentiometrically in 75% (v/v) dioxane-water at 25°C and 0.1 M KNO₃. The solid complexes of Nd, Gd and Er were isolated and studied by ir, differential thermal analysis (DTA) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) techniques.     

Stability Constants of Some Divalent Complexes of m- and p-Phenylenediamine Tetraacetic Acid

The dissociation constants of m-, and p-phenylenediaminetetraacetic acid (m-, and p-, PDTA) have been determined potentiometrically at room temperature (about 25°C) in an ionic strength of 0.10 M KNO₃. The stability constatns of their metal complexes have also been determined by UV spectroscopic, potentiometric, and polarographic methods. The formula of the metal complexes by spectroscopic and polarographic methods are both in good agreement to be 1:1. The order of the stability of the metal complexes is: Cu>Ni>Zn>Co>Cd>Mg, Ca, Ba, Sr. Which is in accordance with Irving-William stability order.     

The Stability Constants of Complexes of BDBPH- Metals and Species Distributions

The study on the design and synthesis of model compounds for metalloproteins has been a subject of extensive investigation1. During the last decade, a number of synthetic structural models for some kinds of metalloproteins with several types of ligands have been reported in literature2,3,4. We have recently reported a new 24-membered hexaazadiphenol macrocyclic ligand, 3,6,9,17,20,23-hexaaza-29,30-dihydroxy-13,27-dimethyl-tricyclo [23,3,1,111,15] triaconta-1 (28),11,13,15 (30),25,26-hexaene,…     

Protonation Equilibria of Carminic Acid and Stability Constants of Its Complexes with Some Divalent Metal Ions in Aqueous Solution

The dissociation constants of carminic acid (7-D-glucopyronosyl-3,5,6,8-tetra- hydroxy-1-methyl-9,10-dioxo-anthracene-2-carboxylic acid) (CA), together with the stability constants of its Cu(II), Zn(II), Ni(II), Co(II) and Hg(II) complexes, were studied potentiometrically in aqueous medium at 25.0?(1)?°C, and at the ionic background of 0.1?mol?dm^?3 of NaCl, and determined with the SUPERQUAD computer program. It has been observed that carminic acid has five dissociation constants, and for H₅L their values are 3.39?(7), 5.78?(7), 8.35?(7), 10.27?(7), and 11.51?(7). This ligand behaves as a bi-dentate ligand, and the carboxyl and the ortho hydroxy groups of the ligand coordinate to the metal ions. Various metal complexes were produced in solution under the experimental conditions, for each metal ion used, including hydrolyzed species. The species distribution curves of the complexes formed in the solution were calculated and reviewed. The stability of the complexes was found to follow the order: Cu(II) > Zn(II) > Ni(II) > Co(II) > Hg(II).     

氮氧自由基-稀土配合物

氮氧自由基-稀土配合物具有特殊的光学和磁学性质,是分子磁性材料及其它多功能材料设计中的关注热点,具有广阔的应用前景.本文总结了该类配合物的结构特点,综述了已有的氮氧自由基-稀土配合物的磁学性质和光学性质,概括了影响这些配合物性质的一些因素.     

二价稀土(Sm,Eu,Yb)与3-苯基-5-(呋喃-2)吡唑啉二硫代甲酸固态配合物的制备

本文首次制得了二价稀土与含硫有机配体的固态配合物RE(SSCNC₁₃H₁₁NO)₂·xH₂O(RE=Sm,Eu,Yb,x=3,4),研究了它们的性质,并对二价及相应的三价稀土配合物在物理化学性质上的差异进行了探讨。     

Stability Constants of Rare Earths with Violuric Acids

The metal ligand stability constants of violuric acid [H₂VA], N-methyl violuric acid [H₂MVA], N-phenyl violuric acid [H₂PVA] and N-(o-m-p) tolyl violuric acids [N-H₂(o-m-p)TVA] with La(III), Ce(III), Pr(III), Nd(III), Sm(III), Eu(III), Gd(III), Dy(III), and Ho(III) have been determined potentiometrically in 50 Vol% ethanol water media at 25°C and at an ionic strength of 0.1 M NaClO₄. The stability of the complexes follow the order of basicities of ligands and also the electron affinities of rare earths as measured by their overall ionisation potential. The order of stabilities of rare earths with violuric acids is, La³⁺ < Ce³⁺ < Pr³⁺ < Nd³⁺ < Sm³⁺ < Gd³⁺ < Eu³⁺ < Dy³⁺ < Ho³⁺.     

Attempted Reduction of Divalent Rare Earth Iodo Aminopyridinates

Rare examples of amido‐iodo complexes of selected divalent lanthanides can be synthesized by using deprotonated Ap*H {Ap*H = 2,6‐diisopropylphenyl)‐[6‐(2,4,6‐triisopropylphenyl)‐pyridin‐2‐yl]‐amine} as a stabilizing ligand. Reaction of [Ap*K]_n with [LnI₂(thf)_n] (Ln = Eu, Yb, n = 4,5) in THF leads to [Ln(Ap*)I(thf)₂]₂ (Ln = Eu, Yb). An attempted reduction of these divalent heteroleptic complexes with KC₈ to synthesize complexes containing an unsupported Ln–Ln bond resulted in the formation of [Ln(Ap*)₂(thf)₂]. These lanthanide complexes were characterized by X‐ray structure analysis.     

Hydrazinium Oxydiacetates and Oxydiacetate Dianion Complexes of Some Divalent Metals with Hydrazine

Hydrazinium oxydiacetate salts of formulae N₂H₅(Hoda)⋅H₂oda, N₂H₅(Hoda) and (N₂H₅)₂oda (H₂oda=oxydiacetic acid) and complexes of the types, M(oda)⋅2N₂H₄⋅xH₂O (where M=Co, Ni and Cd; x=0 for Co and Ni;x=1 for Cd) and Zn(oda)⋅N₂H₄⋅H₂O have been prepared and characterized by analytical, spectral, thermal and X-ray powder diffraction data. IR data document the existence of N₂H⁺ ₅ ion in the simple salts and the bidentate coordination of both hydrazine and dianion in the complexes. Complete decomposition of hydrazinium salts takes place via oxydiacetic acid intermediate. Cobalt and nickel complexes decompose in a single step, whereas zinc and cadmium complexes decompose through hydrazinate intermediates. However, all the metal complexes yield metal oxide as the final residue. Isomorphic nature of the cobalt and nickel complexes is evident from XRD data. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

稀土-赤霉素配合物的合成与光谱表征

为了研究稀土与赤霉素的相互作用及其生物效应,在乙醇溶液中合成了两种新型稀土(Sm,Dy)-赤霉素(GA3)配合物,并对其进行了元素分析、质谱、紫外光谱、红外光谱、差热分析等表征。结果表明:配合物的组成为RE(GA3-)2Cl.6H2O(RE:Sm3+,Dy3+),镝-赤霉素配合物的热稳定性略高于钐-赤霉素配合物的。所得的两种配合物均易溶于二甲基甲酰胺、二甲基亚砜、甲醇、乙醇,不溶于水和丙酮中。     

小檗碱与稀土硝酸盐二元配合物的合成、表征及抑菌作用

合成具有抑菌活性的稀土配合物,筛选具有抑菌活性的中药成分做有机配体合成稀土配合物.在乙醇溶液中合成了八种小檗碱与稀土硝酸盐的二元配合物,采用元素分析、红外光谱、差热-热重和X射线衍射等方法进行表征,确定配合物的化学组成为RE(NO3)3(B)3(RE=La3+,Sm3+,Nd3+,Dy3+,Pr3+,Y3+,Ce3+,Gd3+;B=C20H18NO4).研究了稀土配合物的抑菌活性,结果表明稀土配合物的抑菌效果较单独的稀土硝酸盐和小檗碱好.     

Heteroleptic Alkyl and Amide Iminoanilide Alkaline Earth and Divalent Rare Earth Complexes for the Catalysis of Hydrophosphination and (Cyclo)Hydroamination Reactions

[{N^N}M(X)(thf)_n] alkyl (X=CH(SiMe₃)₂) and amide (X=N(SiMe₃)₂) complexes of alkaline earths (M=Ca, Sr, Ba) and divalent rare earths (Yb^II and Eu^II) bearing an iminoanilide ligand ({N^N}^?) are presented. Remarkably, these complexes proved to be kinetically stable in solution. X‐ray diffraction studies allowed us to establish size–structure trends. Except for one case of oxidation with [{N^N}Yb^II{N(SiMe₃)₂}(thf)], all these complexes are stable under the catalytic conditions and constitute effective precatalysts for the cyclohydroamination of terminal aminoalkenes and the intermolecular hydroamination and intermolecular hydrophosphination of activated alkenes. Metals with equal sizes across alkaline earth and rare earth families display almost identical apparent catalytic activity and selectivity. Hydrocarbyl complexes are much better catalyst precursors than their amido analogues. In the case of cyclohydroamination, the apparent activity decreases with metal size: Ca>Sr>Ba, and the kinetic rate law agrees with R_CHA=k[precatalyst]¹[aminoalkene]¹. The intermolecular hydroamination and hydrophosphination of styrene are anti‐Markovnikov regiospecific. In both cases, the apparent activity increases with the ionic radius (Ca<Sr<Ba) but the rate laws are different, and obey R_HA=k[styrene]¹[amine]¹[precatalyst]¹ and R_HP=k[styrene]¹[HPPh₂]⁰[precatalyst]¹, respectively. Mechanisms compatible with the rate laws and kinetic isotopic effects are proposed. [{N^N}Ba{N(SiMe₃)₂}(thf)₂] ( 3 ) and [{N^N}Ba{CH(SiMe₃)₂}(thf)₂] ( 10 ) are the first efficient Ba‐based precatalysts for intermolecular hydroamination and hydrophosphination, and display activity values that are above those reported so far. The potential of the precatalysts for C? N and C? P bond formation is detailed and a rare cyclohydroamination–intermolecular hydroamination “domino” sequence is presented.     

稀土与L-谷氨酰胺配合物的电子能谱研究

合成了通式为LnL_3Cl_3·2H_2O(Ln=Eu,Tb,Ho,Tm;L=L-谷氨酰胺)的固体配合物。用XPS辅以元素分析、热分析及IR光谱研究了配合物的组成及性质。观察到配合物中O_(1a)、Ln_(3d)、Ln_(4d)和Cl_(2p)结合能的变化,并发现Eu配合物Eu_(3d)谱峰的伴峰结构,讨论了伴峰产生的机理。     

具二阶非线性光学性质的两亲性半菁稀土配合物的研究

合成了４种含半菁的新型稀土配合物：四（１－苯基－３－甲基－４－苯甲酰基吡唑啉酮－５）合稀土（Ｌａ，Ｎｄ，Ｄｙ，Ｙｂ）酸（Ｅ）－１－十六烷基－４－（２，４＇－二甲氨基苯基）乙烯基吡啶，用元素分析，紫外可见光谱，红外光谱，核磁共振谱，差热热重谱，Ｘ射线光电子能谱，Ｘ射线粉末衍射和摩尔电导对配合物进行表征。研究了４个配合物的空气－水（１８℃，ｐＨ＝５．６）界面上的表面压－面积（π－Ａ）等温线行为和镝配合     

铝,镁轻合金中的稀土

综述了稀土－镁和稀土－铝合金的晶体化学、热力学和相图数据，根据其前景特别注意了富镁，富铝稀土合金及添加稀土对合金性能的影响，报道了若干稀土－鲜、稀土－铝及含两个没稀土的镁、铝合金的研究结果。对富镁、富铝的二元和三元合金相的结晶及形成规律进行了总结和讨论，并对有确定结构的合金精细设计和可能的应用提出了建议。     

Potentiometric and Conductometric Studies on the Complexes of Some Rare Earth Metals with Rhodanine Azosulfonamide Derivatives, XII

Stability constants for La³⁺, Ce³⁺, UO₂ ²⁺, and Th⁴⁺ metal ion complexes with rhodanine azosulfonamide derivatives have been determined potentiometrically in 0.1 M KCl in a 30% (v/v) ethanol–water mixture. The order of the stability constants of the complexes found was to La³⁺ < Ce ²⁺ < UO ₂ ²⁺ < Th ⁴⁺. The influence of substituents on the stability of the complexes was examined on the basis of electron-repelling property of the substituent. The effect of temperature on the stability constants was studied and the Gibbs energy, the enthalpy, and entropy of complexation thermodynamic parameters were derived and are discussed. The stoichiometries of these complexes were determined conductometrically and the results indicated the formation of 1:1 and 1:2 (metal:ligand) complexes.