Implementation of STEM Education Policy: Challenges,Progress, and Lessons Learned

This is a case study of the implementation of state STEM (science, technology, engineering, and mathematics) policy over the period of the first 18 months of building a regional STEM partnership. Fullan's change theory is the framework used to determine progress and associated challenges with building a regional STEM educational partnership and establishment of STEM schools through a sustained education reform effort. Key stakeholders who were involved in leading this effort participated in focus groups, as well as individual interviews. Archival documentation was also used. Findings indicate implementation of STEM policy in this state experienced some barriers because of the nature of funding and timeline, as well as the competing agendas and interests of partners who did not have the opportunity to develop common vision and strategic plans prior to implementation. Implications for STEM policy decisions and implementation of other efforts through Race to the Top and other federal funding sources are discussed.     

Developing a Systems Approach to the Problems of Industry — Lessons Based on Experience at IIASA

This paper describes progress on a number of research projects initiated in the Management and Technology Area of the International Institute of Applied Systems Analysis in the period 1977/80. The projects were undertaken by an international, multi-disciplinary, team concerned with the study of management problems arising from technological change. The experience obtained is used to explore the need for, and feasibility of, undertaking such problem-oriented programme research at the national level. It is concluded that the need to conduct methodological research of this nature is great, though not always self-evident; that the financial and organisational problems would be severe, though not insuperable; and that it is time for practising operational researchers and applied systems analysts to flex their muscles to this end.     

链梯法中进展因子估计的数学规划法

对传统链梯法中进展因子估计方法的不足进行了简要分析,提出将两种形式的偏差函数作为目标函数,建立二次规划和目标规划模型对进展因子进行估计.同时,对不同事故年赋予不同的权重因子,以区别不同数据信息在进展因子估计中的作用,弱化异常数据对进展因子估计的影响.通过数值实验对所述方法的可行性进行验证.     

高考预效度的混合估计

用传统的预测效度估计法估计高考预测效度，其估计值往往偏低。为此，本文应用回归分析中混合估计理论提出了高考预测效度的混合估计。这种估计是预测效度的无偏估计，并解决了预测效度估计值偏低的问题。     

How to Estimate the Value of a Series in comparison test

<正>Give a series∑a_n.Let's assume that the series terms are all positive and is decreasing.So we can use the integral test to show that it converges.Write down the remainder for the     

Asymptotic Expansion and Estimate of the Landau Constant

Properties of Landau constant are investigated in this note. A new representation in terms of a hypergeometric function ₃F₂ is given and a property defining the family of asymptotic sequences of Landau constant is formalized. Moreover, we give an other asymptotic expansion of Landau constant by using asymptotic expansion of the ratio of gamma functions in the sense of Poincaré due to Tricomi and Erdélyi.     

Asymptotic Expansion and Estimate of the Landau Constant

Properties of Landau constant are investigated in this note. A new representation in terms of a hypergeometric function ₃F₂ is given and a property defining the family of asymptotic sequences of Landau constant is formalized. Moreover, we give an other asymptotic expansion of Landau constant by using asymptotic expansion of the ratio of gamma functions in the sense of Poincaré due to Tricomi and Erdélyi.     

Estimate for the spectrum of an operator bundle and its application to stability problems

Simple estimates are obtained for the spectrum of the operator bundle \(R(\lambda ) = \sum\nolimits_{i = 0}^n {A_{n - i} \lambda ^i }\) in terms of estimates of the maximum and minimum eigenvalues of the operators \(\frac{1}{2}(A_{n - i} - A_{n - i}^* )(i = 0,1,2, \ldots n)\) and the norms of the operators \(\frac{1}{2}(A_{n - i} - A_{n - i}^* )(i = 0,1,2, \ldots n)\) We formulate a criterion of the asymptotic stability of the differential equations $$\sum\nolimits_{i = 1}^n {A_{n - i} } \frac{{d^{(i)} x}}{{dt^i }} = 0.$$ We present examples of the stability conditions for equations with n=2 and n=3.     

What Children Bring to the Classroom: Learning Science From Experience

Extracurricular science-related experiences of young students were examined. The sample consisted of 539 elementary school students between the ages of 9 and 13. Students completed the Science Experiences Survey (SES) to identify the number of common scientific materials and activities they experienced outside of the classroom. The factor analysis isolated three underlying factors of extracurricular science-related experiences: life science-related experiences, physical science-related experiences, and general learning attributes related to science. Further analysis identified differences in reported experiences by gender. The data indicate that young girls tend to participate in nurturing life science-related activities, and young boys favor hands-on, action-oriented physical science-related experiences. The research suggests that the gender disparity in science follows a continuuum that begins with the experiences of elementary school students.     

Implementation of the Standards: Lessons from a Systemic Initiative

Data collected as a part of Ohio's Systemic Initiative suggest that some existing attitudes and practices of principals and teachers may provide a strong foundation for National Science Education Standards implementation. However, some data suggest that reformers have a long way to go before the Standards are fully understood and supported both by teachers and principals.     

Estimate and monotonicity of the first eigenvalue under the Ricci flow

In this paper, we first derive a monotonicity formula for the first eigenvalue of on a closed surface with nonnegative scalar curvature under the (unnormalized) Ricci flow. We then derive a general evolution formula for the first eigenvalue under the normalized Ricci flow. As an application, we obtain various monotonicity formulae and estimates for the first eigenvalue on closed surfaces.     

Estimate for the second-order derivatives of solutions to boundary-value problems of the theory of non-Newtonian liquids

The boundary regularity of solutions to some boundary-value problems describing stationary flow of generalized Newtonian liquids is studied. The dissipative potential is of quadratic growth at infinity. We prove that the second-order derivatives of the solution are pth power summable functions, where p is greater than two. The partial regularity of the strain velocity tensor is established. In the two-dimensional case, the complete regularity of the strain velocity tensor is also proved. Bibliography: 14 titles. Translated fromProblemy Matematicheskogo Analiza, No. 18, 1998, pp. 222–246.     

合理使用电子教案 充分发挥现代化教学手段的优势

对充分发挥现代化教学手段的优势,对教学改革的积极作用作了论述.重点讨论了合理使用电子教案是充分发挥现代化教学手段的优势的途径之一,以及如何合理使用电子教案.对使用电子教案的教学实践作了总结.     

自然数乘法分拆个数及因子个数上界估计

我们证明，若n充分大，则其乘法分拆数小于n/lnn，这几乎解决了关于自然数乘法分拆数的一个猜测,也得到了自然数因子个数的一个上界估计。