艾滋病防治资源投入的效果分析

基于GOALS模型的基本思想,建立了效果分析模型,并针对两种不同的资金分配方案,模拟了两种方案对2006—2010年某地艾滋病流行的影响,并对模拟结果进行了分析.     

具有桥梁人群的HIV模型的研究

研究了具有桥梁人群(从事性服务的女性静脉吸毒者)的艾滋病模型.在桥梁人群内部建立一个DI模型.通过定性分析,证明了各类平衡点的稳定性,从而判断艾滋病流行与否.     

一类非线性动力系统的数值分析及控制策略研究

根据艾滋病在新疆的流行特点,建立了一个非线性动力系统的数学模型来研究艾滋病在新疆高危人群中传播的规律.通过查阅大量的统计数据和文献资料,确定了模型中部分参数的具体数值,然后通过数据拟合的方法得到了各个高危人群中的HIV病毒的传染性系数.在模型中,选择2004年底(2005年初)作为系统的初始点,预测了艾滋病未来几年内在新疆的流行趋势.最后,提出并比较遏止艾滋病传播的各项干预措施.     

SWEIA艾滋病毒传染模型及应用

人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)是一种严重威胁生命的病毒,感染艾滋病毒患者一般经历四个阶段:i)艾滋病毒阴性的窗口期(W);ii)阳性的无症状潜伏期(E);iii)有症状期(Ⅰ);以及iv)移除阶段(A).为深入研究艾滋病传播过程,建立SWEIA艾滋病毒传染模型,定义基本再生数,分析无病与地方病平衡点的存在性和局部稳定性,根据2004至2015年中国艾滋病患者数据,采用遗传算法对SWEIA模型中参数进行估计.通过对基本再生数敏感性分析以及模型数值随参数不同而产生的变化,揭示艾滋病窗口期的接触率是影响艾滋病流行的主要原因之一.     

抗病毒治疗对HIV传播的基本再生数的影响

艾滋病是严重危害人类健康的传染病,抗病毒治疗是防治艾滋病的一种公共卫生策略。基于2005—2009年国家免费抗病毒治疗数据和中国艾滋病联合防治评估报告数据,利用一个离散数学模型研究了不同的抗病毒治疗覆盖率和治疗效果对于基本再生数的影响。结果表明,抗病毒治疗后由于感染者体内病毒载量的减少而导致的传染性降低的多少是影响我国艾滋病流行的关键因素。     

恢复率正比于总人数的多传染阶段的艾滋病模型及其性态

文 [1 ]、[2 ]和 [3]主要是建立多传染阶段的艾滋病模型 ,并根据各自建立的模型 ,来讨论疾病传染的消除平衡态与流行平衡态以及它们的稳定性 .本文首先对文 [3]中的模型作适当的改进 ,再根据改进的数学模型来分析疾病传染的动态性质 ,着重讨论多传染阶段情况下艾滋病传染的持久性及其对总人数的影响 .     

一类SIQA模型解的全局稳定性

讨论用脉冲隔离的方案控制HIV的传播.假定艾滋病感染者发展成艾滋病人和感染年龄有关,我们建立了带脉冲隔离类和感染年龄的HIV模型.在一定条件下证明该模型的无病平衡态是全局稳定的.     

新疆艾滋病发病率的组合预测模型研究

近年来新疆艾滋病发病率较高,预防控制工作严峻,此种情况下,基于2008年1月至2014年12月的艾滋病发病率数据,采用ARIMA方法及广义回归神经网络方法建立了ARIMA-GRNN组合预测模型,并用2015年1月至5月的数据检验模型预测能力,结果模型能较好地对新疆艾滋病发病率做预测,这可为新疆艾滋病的预防控制提供一定的科学参考.     

HIV病毒传播的动力学研究的同伦映射解法

研究了艾滋病病毒的传播的一个动力学模型．利用同伦映射理论和方法得到了HIV流行性传染病区域的人群传播规律．     

基于随机时间序列法的新疆麻疹发病率预测

用2004～2010年新疆麻疹月发病率数据分析建立了ARIMA(0,2,1)(0,1,1)~(12)时间序列模型,该模型能够较好的预测短期内新疆麻疹的流行情况,对麻疹的流行情况进行预警,提前做好预防控制的准备.     

一类HIV/AIDS流行病模型

结合某市的艾滋病现状给出了相应的传染病动力学模型,研究了其平衡点的稳定性,讨论了流行病的阈值,并对不同的说服率、不同的因病死亡率、不同的传染率分别进行了数值模拟,对该市艾滋病的预防和控制给出了理论上的指导和建议.     

Study on a HIV/AIDS model with application to Yunnan province,China

This paper presents an epidemic model aiming at the prevalence of HIV/AIDS in Yunnan, China. The total population in the model is restricted within high risk population. By the epidemic characteristics of HIV/AIDS in Yunnan province, the population is divided into two groups: injecting drug users (IDUs) and people engaged in commercial sex (PECS) which includes female sex workers (FSWs), and clients of female sex workers (C). For a better understanding of HIV/AIDS transmission dynamics, we do some necessary mathematical analysis. The conditions and thresholds for the existence of four equilibria are established. We compute the reproduction number for each group independently, and show that when both the reproduction numbers are less than unity, the disease-free equilibrium is globally stable. The local stabilities for other equilibria including two boundary equilibria and one positive equilibrium are figured out. When we omit the infectivity of AIDS patients, global stability of these equilibria are obtained. For the simulation, parameters are chosen to fit as much as possible prevalence data publicly available for Yunnan. Increasing strength of the control measure on high risk population is necessary to reduce the HIV/AIDS in Yunnan.     

Modelling circumcision and condom use as HIV/AIDS preventive control strategies

We present a sex-structured model for heterosexual transmission of HIV/AIDS with explicit incubation period for modelling the effect of male circumcision as a preventive strategy for HIV/AIDS. The model is formulated using integro-differential equations, which are shown to be equivalent to delay differential equations with delay due to incubation period. The threshold and equilibria for the model are determined and stabilities are examined. We extend the model to incorporate the effects of condom use as another preventive strategy for controlling HIV/AIDS. Basic reproductive numbers for these models are computed and compared to assess the effectiveness of male circumcision and condom use in a community. The models are numerically analysed to assess the effects of the two preventive strategies on the transmission dynamics of HIV/AIDS. We conclude from the study that in the continuing absence of a preventive vaccine or cure for HIV/AIDS, male circumcision is a potential effective preventive strategy of HIV/AIDS to help communities slow the development of the HIV/AIDS epidemic and that it is even more effective if implemented jointly with condom use. The study provides insights into the possible community benefits that male circumcision and condom use as preventive strategies provide in slowing or curtailing the HIV/AIDS epidemic.     

Mathematical Analysis of an HIV/AIDS Model: Impact of Educational Programs and Abstinence in Sub-Saharan Africa

We formulate a deterministic HIV/AIDS model to theoretically investigate how counselling and testing coupled with the resulting decrease in sexual activity could affect the HIV epidemic in resource-limited communities. The threshold quantities are determined and stabilities analyzed. Theoretical analysis and numerical simulations support the idea that increase in the number of sexually inactive HIV positive individuals who voluntarily abstain from sex has a positive impact on HIV/AIDS control. Results from this theoretical study suggest that effective counselling and testing have a great potential to partially control the epidemic (especially when HIV positive individuals either willingly withdraw from risky sexual activities or disclose their status beforehand) even in the absence of antiretroviral therapy (ART). Therefore, more needs to be done in resource-limited settings, such as sub-Saharan Africa, as far as the HIV/AIDS epidemic is concerned and a formalized information, education, and communication strategy should be given prominence in educational campaigns.     

Estimating HIV/AIDS incidence: Adjusting case reports for changes in definition

The purpose of this paper is to assess different procedures used in the modeling of the AIDS epidemic that account for changes in the definition of AIDS. Specifically, we assess three methods that adjust for the effect of definition changes on the modeling of HIV reconstructions. Our results suggest that how we account for definition changes is a critical influence on the severity and the shape of the estimated HIV/AIDS epidemic. Also, the scope of the recent (1993) definition change is sufficiently broad to limit approaches based on adjusting to a single, consistent definition. The most realistic approach appears to be one based on a dynamic disease progression model that accounts for AIDS definition changes via changes in disease incubation.     

A general Markov model of the HIV epidemic in populations involving both sexual contact and IV drug use

In this paper, we develop a general Markov model for the HIV epidemic involving both sexual contact and IV drug use. For this model, we derive the probability generating function of the HIV epidemic and derive equations for the means, the variances and the covariances of the numbers of susceptible people, latent people, infective people and AIDS cases. By using these equations, we generate some simulation studies to illustrate effects of some risk factors on the mean HIV behavior and on the variances and the covariances of the numbers of latent people, infective people and AIDS cases.     

一类具有说服率的HIV/AIDS流行病模型

根据某市艾滋病出现的新特点,即外来人口对艾滋病的影响,给出了相应的传染病动力学模型,并进行了数值模拟.     

Asymptotic properties of an HIV/AIDS model with a time delay

A mathematical model for HIV/AIDS with explicit incubation period is presented as a system of discrete time delay differential equations and its important mathematical features are analysed. The disease-free and endemic equilibria are found and their local stability investigated. We use the Lyapunov functional approach to show the global stability of the endemic equilibrium. Qualitative analysis of the model including positivity and boundedness of solutions, and persistence are also presented. The HIV/AIDS model is numerically analysed to asses the effects of incubation period on the dynamics of HIV/AIDS and the demographic impact of the epidemic using the demographic and epidemiological parameters for Zimbabwe.