大孔阴离子树脂DEAE-E/H固定化氨基酰化酶的研究

以弱碱性大孔阴离子树脂DEAE-E/H为载体固定化氨基酰化酶.通过对影响固定化结果的几个因素,如树脂的离子类型、pH值、温度,以及自由酶液浓度等进行系统研究,得到了适宜的固定化条件:将DEAE-E/H转化为Ac-型;自由酶液浓度120U/ml,pH值6.5;固定化温度为常温.在此条件下制备的固定化氨基酰化酶比酶活可达1200U/g～1500U/g,酶活保留率超过60%.DEAE-E/H作为固定化载体,具有价格低廉,物理性能好,固定化方法简便等特点,具有很好的工业应用前景.     

油田稠油污水深度处理回用热采锅炉的软化处理技术

针对油田热采直流蒸汽锅炉给水水质要求，采用离子交换法对稠油污水进行软化处理，经过对比实验，确定选用大孔弱酸阳离子交换树脂D113，投入中试运行二个月，来水平均硬度为170mg/L，出水硬度未检出，达到了蒸汽热采锅炉对进水水质硬度的要求，大孔弱酸阳离子交换树脂进行酸再生和碱转型，可以有效地抵抗有机污染负荷，实现高浓度，高水温有机污水的软化处理。     

树枝状大分子聚酰胺-胺用于氨基酰化酶的固定化研究

以树枝状大分子修饰的硅胶为载体,戊二醛为交联剂,对氨基酰化酶进行固定化研究。考察了树枝状大分子的代数、戊二醛浓度、反应温度与时间对氨基酰化酶固定化效果的影响,并且考察了该固定化酶的最佳酶解条件。结果表明,随着树枝状大分子代数的增加,固定化的酶量随之增大,同时,固定后的酶仍然保持较高的活性。     

Studies on Immobilization of Aminoacylase From Aspergillus Oryzae on Macroporous Carriers

Synthesized macroporous cross-linked copolymers of methyl acrylate-divinyl benzene (MA-DVB), acrylamide-N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide (AAM-BIS) and their functionalized products were used for immobilization of aminoacylase from Aspergillus oryzae. Effects of the carrier properties on the activity of immobilized aminoacylase were investigated and effects of substrate concentration, pH, phosphate buffer concentration and temperature on the immobilized aminoacylase were compared with those of the soluble aminoacylase. A column of immobilized aminoaoylase was prepared and used for continuous resolution of N-acyl-DL-methionine; the operational stability of immobilized enzyme was also investigated.     

毛细管区带电泳用于酶微反应器酶解条件的研究

将氨基酰化酶通过戊二醛固定在毛细管内壁,制备毛细管酶微反应器,用毛细管区带电泳对毛细管酶微反应器的酶解产物进行分离,以生成物的峰面积优化底物N-乙酰-DL-蛋氨酸的酶解条件。实验结果表明,在温度37℃的条件下,10μg/mL N-乙酰-DL-蛋氨酸磷酸盐缓冲溶液(pH7.5)以4μL/min的速度通过15 cm长的毛细管酶微反应器,具有良好的酶解效果。利用毛细管酶微反应器对底物N-乙酰-DL-蛋氨酸进行酶解,每天酶解5次,10天后酶活仅下降了8.66%,说明制备的毛细管酶微反应器具有良好的稳定性。     

磺化丁基橡胶离聚体及其共混物的动态力学性质

<正> 含10％摩尔以下的离子且主链为柔性的离聚体是一种热塑性弹性体。在动态力学性质方面呈现特殊的行为,表现在贮能模量(1gE′)与温度的关系中有橡胶态平台出现。最早Otocka等指出,(丁二烯-甲基丙烯酸)共聚物无橡胶态平台,经金属离子中和后产生橡胶态平台,且E′增加。Agarwal,Makowski等则报道磺化乙丙胶离聚体的橡胶态平台随离子含量提高而加宽,随硬脂酸锌的加入而缩短。Fitzgerald及Weisst结合X-射线小角散射研究了甘油及邻苯二甲酸二辛酯对磺化聚苯乙烯离聚体的动态力学性质的影响。     

DETERMINATION OF THE IN VIVO ABSORPTION AND PHOTOSYNTHETIC PROPERTIES OF THE LICHEN Acarospora schleicheri USING PHOTO ACOUSTIC SPECTROSCOPY

Photoacoustic spectroscopy was used to determine the in vivo spectra of the stratified components of the lichen Acarospora schleicheri. There were three pigmented layers observed by the photoacoustic method: an absorption band associated with the pigment rhizocarpic acid, a bulk cytochrome absorption, and the absorption of the algal chloroplast. Due to the different absorption properties of these distinct layers, the photoacoustic technique was able to monitor the physical effect of hydration on the lichen. Hydration of the lichen reduced the scatter of the sample, increasing the effective incident light intensity within the sample. Hydration also resulted in an increase in the optical absorption coefficient of the algal layer, which was interpreted as a movement of the algal chloroplast in response to low light fluence and hydrated conditions. The photoacoustic technique was also used to monitor the relative photosynthetic activity of the algae within the lichen in a hydrated and dehydrated state. The photosynthetic assay could detect photosynthetic activity in the hydrated state but not in the dehydrated state. In addition, the photosynthetic response was found to be induced and repressed with light and dark periods respectively and its detection was limited at high frequencies by the damping of the thermal wave from the algal layer.     

THE EFFECT OF IONIC STRENGTH ON THE UPTAKE OF TAURINE ON A STRONG-BASIC ANION EXCHANGE RESIN

Studied the effect of ionic strength on the uptake of taurine on a strong-basic anionexchange resin. The batch phase equilibrium experiments of ta urine on the anion exchange resin D290 were conducted at different ionic strength, and then the amounts of uptake of taurine on the resin at different pH were determined. The ion exchange mechanisms of taurine on the anion exchange resin at different pH were discussed. Experimental results showed that with increase of the ionic strength of solution, the adsorbed amount of taurine on the resin D290 decreased; Adding small amounts of NaOH or HCl into the system of taurine aqueous solution/D290 anionresin would make the amount of taurine taken up on the resin to decrease due to the competition uptakes of hydroxyl ion with taurine or the decrease in the amount of absorbable zwitterions of taurine in the solution and excluding the cations of taurine from the anion resin.     

球形复合无机离子交换剂水合氧化钛-硅钛酸钠的制备及性能研究

用溶胶-凝胶法制备了球形除铯复合无机离子交换剂水合氧化钛-硅钛酸钠(HTO-NaTS),研究了在酸性条件下其对铯离子的交换性能,并对其结构、稳定性作了初步研究.结果表明,此种球形交换剂在强酸性条件下机械稳定性好,适合装柱,在1mol/L HNO3水溶液中,对铯离子具有较高的交换容量.     

酸性磷萃取剂在皂化过程中的结构变化与萃合物的组成

本文研究了酸性磷酸酯(D2EHPA等)皂化过程和萃取前后有机相结构的变化,证实了酸性磷酸酯萃取剂在皂化过程中生成微乳状液,进一步阐明萃取稀土离子时,在微乳状液的油水界面上发生离子交换反应,生成具有螫合型结构的萃合物,同时伴随着有机相中微乳状液的破乳过程。在用完全皂化的D2EHPA-仲辛醇-煤油溶液萃取二价离子时,得到萃取有机相中苹合物的组成为MA²,而不是通常认为的MA₂·2HA,从而可以提高萃取容量。     

取向对物理老化的聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯纤维溶剂诱导结晶速率的影响

通过密度法、ＤＳＣ、力学性能测试等方法研究了物理老化对聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯（ＰＥＴ）纤维溶剂诱导结晶速率及结构的影响，并进一步探讨了取向程度对ＰＥＴ纤维物理老化过程的影响．发现在一定老化温度下，ＰＥＴ纤维的溶剂诱导结晶（ＳＩＮＣ）速率随老化时间的延长呈现先降低后升高的趋势；取向程度高的样品则经较短的老化时间即可出现这种情况．对上述现象用凝聚缠结的观点加以解释．     

IMMOBILIZATION OF AMINOACYLASE ON MODIFIED METHYL ACRYLATE—DIVINYL BENZENE COPOLYMERS

Macroporous methyl acrylate-divinyl benzene copolymers were synthesized and modified by polyethylene polyamine.The aminoacylase from Aspergillus oryzae was adsorded on these modified copolymers.The role of certain factors such as degree of cross-linking,amount of poregenic solvent,modifying agent and pore structures,in the activity of immobilized aminoacylase was studied.Effects of adsorption time and amount of enzyme used on the activity of aminocylase immobilized on MMD-12-13 were also investigated.The column of aminoacylase immobilized on MMD-12-13 was prepared and N-acyl-DL-methionine was resolved continuously for a month,the remaining activity was still over 90%.     

INVESTIGATION OF THE FRIEDEL-CRAFTS REACTION OF THE CHLOROMETHYLATED COPOLYMER OF STYRENE-DIVINYLBENZENE

In the presence of Friedel-Crafts catalyst, the chloromethylated copolymer of styrene-divinylben-zene may react with each other and cross-link by itself Thus a new type of polymeric adsorbent wasobtained, and its structure was identified by its physical properties and infrared spectra. The Friedel-Crafts reaction is manifestly affected by the nature of the solvent, the kind and amount of catalystused, reaction temperature and reaction time, etc. The porous structure and physical properties of the adsorbent prepared have been investigatedsystematically. The adsorbent has high specific surface area (1000--1300m~2/g), porosity, narrowpore distribution,high skeleton density and good mechanical properties.     

THE EFFECT OF IONIC STRENGTH ON THE UPTAKE OF TAURINE ON A STRONG-BASIC ANION EXCHANGE RESIN

1. INTRODUCTION Taurine (NH2CH2CH2SO3H) is one of the most important amino acids in the human body, and plays an important role in a variety of physiological functions, pharmacological actions and pathological conditions, such as in controlling epilepsy, hypertension and arrhythmia. It is also often used to recover osmotic pressure and promote cerebrum growth [1,2]. As one of amino acids, taurine had the amphoteric characteristic which can be utilized in the ion-exchange technique to e…     

反气相色谱法直接测定聚丙烯纤维的结晶度

<正> 反气相色谱法对聚烯烃的结晶度的测定是一种有效的方法。Guillet等用溶剂溶解聚丙烯涂覆担体,或在低温将样品磨成粉末和担体混合,填充色谱柱,以探针分子的保留时间测定样品的结晶度。我们用直径较小的色谱柱使温度迅速平衡,实验得到了Guillet关系式的外推项。将纤维剪成粉状测定,重复性尚好,不同的探针分子、柱长和聚合物含量对测定的影响不大,结果与密度法或X光法相近。     

THE PHOTOCHEMISTRY OF RIBOFLAVIN—V. THE PHOTODEGRADATION OF ISOALLOXAZINES IN ALCOHOLIC SOLVENTS

Abstract— Riboflavin and other N -10 substituted isoalloxazines have been irradiated anaerobically in alcohols and alcohol-water mixtures. Deuterium substitution was used in several different ways to determine the hydrogen kinetic isotope effect. Riboflavin and 10-(3'-hydroxypropyl)-isoalloxazine were photobleached in 2-propanol, 2-propanol-0-d, 2-propanol-2-d, t -butyl alcohol, and t -butyl alcohol-0-d. No isotope effect significantly different from 1.0 was found for any of the nondeuterated to deuterated solvent comparisons. When the anaerobic irradiation of 10-(3'-hydroxypropyl-3',3'-d₂)-isoalloxazine and 10-(3'-hydroxypropyl)-isoalloxazine in either 2-propanol or t-butyl alcohol were compared, kinetic isotope effect ratios for H to D of 2.8 were obtained. Thin layer chromatography in conjunction with color return at 445 nm during oxidation showed that lumichrome and formylmethylflavin, which are irreversible photodegradation products, were formed from the photoreaction in alcohols. The photochemistry of isoalloxazines in alcohols, while somewhat different from the aqueous photochemistry, does not involve a primary photoreduction with the solvent, and photo degradation still dominates. This was an unexpected result and it illustrates the unusual photochemical behavior of isoalloxazines. The anaerobic irradiation of riboflavin in 2-propanol-water mixtures showed that the efficiency of photodegradation is linked to the physical properties of the solvent.     

D301大孔树脂吸附钒(V)的性能研究

研究了D301大孔树脂对钒的吸附性能.结果表明,pH值对D301树脂吸附钒的影响很大,与钒在溶液中的赋存状态有关,且在pH=2时吸附效果最好:测得吸附热力学参数分别为:△H=8.97kJ/mol,△G_(313)=-5.69kJ/mol,△G_(303)=-5.2kJ/mol,△G_(293)=-4.9kJ/mol,△S=46.84J/mol·K.等温吸附服从Freundlich经验式;考察了溶液浓度、搅拌速率对交换过程的影响,并对实验数据运用相关理论模型进行拟合,结果显示钒(V)在D301树脂上吸附交换过程控制步骤为颗粒扩散控制,反应级数n为0.2391.     

聚丙烯材料聚集态结构的定量表征及其与力学性能的关系

报道了用IAS4图像分析系统研究聚丙烯材料的聚集态结构 ,表明用图像分析仪可定量表征结晶型聚合物材料球晶和第二相颗粒在基体中的形态 .通过材料聚集态结构的定量测定 ,对材料性能的变化可作出满意的解释 ,是研究结晶型高聚物结构与性能关系的有效手段     

不同金属盐改性对硅胶的水蒸气吸附性能影响

用不同的金属盐溶液对中孔硅胶进行了改性,并进行了吸附水蒸气动力学实验.讨论了改性硅胶的吸湿性与离子半径之间的关系及吸附速率与平均孔径的关系.实验结果表明:(1) CaCl2,LiCl,MgCl2,ZnCl2改性硅胶,可以使硅胶的吸湿性能明显增加.其中用CaCl2改性的硅胶的吸湿量最大,其平衡吸湿量是未改性硅胶的3倍;(2) 用CaCl2溶液改性的中孔硅胶其吸湿量已接近微孔硅胶的吸湿量,但其吸附速率明显大于微孔硅胶的吸附速率;(3) 用CaCl2和ZnCl2的混合溶液改性硅胶对其吸湿量的提高没有明显效果.     

铜(Ⅱ)及其配合物催化胆红素氧化动力学的研究

本文用电化学，吸收光谱等方法对Ｃｕ（２＋）及其配合物与胆红素在碱性（ｐＨ１０）条件下的作用规律进行了研究．发现Ｃｕ（２＋）及其配合物对胆红素的氧化的催化作用依配合物的稳定性和配体齿数不同而异．在胆红素的氧化过程中，真正起氧化作用的是溶解氧．