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1.
采用超声波辐射法制备了具有介孔结构的高浓度氮掺杂TiO2纳米晶(N/TiO2).采用N2物理吸附、X射线粉末衍射、X射线光电子能谱、透射电镜、光致发光谱和紫外-可见漫反射光谱等手段对N/TiO2进行了表征.以波长为400~660nm的可见光为光源,以水体污染物邻苯二甲酸二甲酯为降解对象,考察了不同制备方法对N/TiO2光催化性能的影响.结果表明,超声波辐射使氮掺杂浓度提高了2.2倍,该法制备的N/TiO2同时具有较好的介孔结构,表现了更高的光催化降解邻苯二甲酸二甲酯的活性.其活性提高的主要原因是N/TiO2含有更高浓度的氮和对可见光具有更强的吸收能力.  相似文献   

2.
载钛羟基磷灰石光催化降解内分泌干扰物双酚A   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
对载钛羟基磷灰石(TiHAP)进行了透射电镜、X射线衍射、紫外-可见光谱和Zeta电位表征,并应用液相色谱-质谱技术对比了TiHAP和P25 TiO2对环境内分泌干扰物双酚A(BPA)的吸附和光催化降解性能,探讨了富里酸和Fe3+对TiHAP薄膜光催化性能的影响。结果表明,TiHAP和TiO2粉体对BPA的吸附符合Langmuir吸附等温方程,且前者吸附性能更大。TiHAP薄膜光催化降解BPA的性能优于TiO2薄膜;富里酸和Fe3+对TiHAP和TiO2薄膜光催化性能的影响趋势不同,从能带结构、电子转移和吸光性等角度分析了性能不同的原因。本结果可以为应用TiHAP降解环境内分泌干扰物提供依据。  相似文献   

3.
Titanium hydrate sols were prepared using different acid hydrolysis catalysts, i.e., acetic acid and hydrochloric acid. The platinum-doped TiO(2) sol-gels were also synthesized by adding K(2)PtCl(6) into the titanium hydrate sols. The hydrophobic montmorillonite clay, treated with organic cationic surfactant, i.e., hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide, was used as a template to prepare TiO(2) pillared photocatalyst with the above sols. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) were employed to characterize the resulting photocatalysts. The adsorption performance and photoactivity of prepared pillared clays were studied by using methyl orange as a model organic pollutant. The preliminary results indicated that the hydrophobic TiO(2) pillared clay prepared with acetic acid as the acid hydrolysis catalysts possessed higher photocatalytic activity than that with hydrochloric acid. Due to the excellent sedimentation property of the clay, the resulting pillared photocatalyst is easily recovered and reused in the postrun treatment. Also the doping of platinum into the hydrophobic photocatalyst can increase the photocatalytic activity significantly.  相似文献   

4.
Sulfur doped ZnO/TiO2 nanocomposite photocatalysts were synthesized by a facile sol‐gel method. The structure and properties of catalysts were characterized by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), UV‐vis diffusive reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) and N2 desorption‐adsorption isotherm. The XRD study showed that TiO2 was anatase phase and there was no obvious difference in crystal composition of various S‐ZnO/TiO2. The XPS study showed that the Zn element exists as ZnO and S atoms form SO2?4. The prepared samples had mesoporosity revealed by N2 desorption‐adsorption isotherm result. The degradation of Rhodamine B dye under visible light irradiation was chosen as probe reaction to evaluate the photocatalytic activity of the ZnO/TiO2 nanocomposite. The commercial TiO2 photocatalyst (Degussa P25) was taken as standard photocatalyst to contrast the prepared different photocatalyst in current work. The improvement of the photocatalytic activity of S‐ZnO/TiO2 composite photocatalyst can be attributed to the suitable energetic positions between ZnO and TiO2, the acidity site caused by sulfur doping and the enlargement of the specific area. S‐3.0ZnO/TiO2 exhibited the highest photocatalytic activity under visible light irradiation after Zn amount was optimized, which was 2.6 times higher than P25.  相似文献   

5.
With the aim of improving the microstructures and properties of TiO2 pillared montmorillonite (MMT), a long-chain polymer (polyoxypropylenediamine, PPO-D 2000) was used as a template to synthesize composite pillared MMT. The materials were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrophotometer, Fourier Raman (FT-Raman) spectrophotometer, thermo-gravimeter/differential thermogravimeter (TG/DSC), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) methods. The results show that as compared to low-molecular weight surfactant, this polymer significantly expanded the interlayer spacing and thus more TiO2 could be intercalated into MMT. The specific surface area of polymer/TiO2 pillared MMT was increased by 13% with comparison to TiO2 pillared MMT and rose to 241.52 m2/g. Both the pore diameter and volume are doubled, and thus the pore structure is optimized markedly. The investigation on the photo-catalytic degradation of methyl orange in aqueous solution show that the modulation of polymer molecules raise the adsorption content of montmorillonite and improve the photo-catalytic activity. Therefore, this process provides a novel alternative to design and prepare the advanced eco-catalytic materials with high adsorption capacity and photo-catalytic activity. __________ Translated from Huaxue Tongbao, 2007, 12: 936–941 [译自: 化学通报]  相似文献   

6.
We successfully prepared Ag quantum dots modified TiO2 microspheres by facile solvothermal and calcination method. The as-prepared Ag quantum dots/TiO2 microspheres were characterized by scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. The Ag quantum dots/TiO2 photocatalyst showed excellent visible light absorption and efficient photocatalytic activity for methyl orange degradation. And the sample with the molar ratio of 0.05 (Ag to Ti) showed the best visible light photocatalytic activity for methyl orange degradation, mainly because of the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) effects of Ag quantum dots to generate electron and hole pairs for enhanced visible light photocatalysis. Finally, possible visible light photocatalytic mechanism of Ag quantum dots/TiO2 microspheres for methyl orange degradation was proposed in detail.  相似文献   

7.
ZnTiO3–TiO2/organic pillared montmorillonite (pMt) composite catalyst was successfully prepared in this paper by immobilizing ZnTiO3–TiO2 onto pMt. The composition and texture of the prepared composite catalyst were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectrometry, ultraviolet–visible light (UV–Vis) diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The photocatalytic activity was tested via photocatalytic degradation of methyl blue (MB) under both visible irradiation and UV light. The results indicated that the ZnTiO3–TiO2/pMt composite catalyst had an apparent absorption at the area of visible irradiation, and exhibited a higher efficiency of photocatalytic degredation of MB under visible irradiation. This was due to the heterostructure of ZnTiO3–TiO2, and the mesoporous structure and specific surface area of the ZnTiO3–TiO2/pMt composite. In addition, the results of the radical scavenging experiments showed that the holes and superoxide radicals are responsible for the degradation of MB under visible irradiation.  相似文献   

8.
Ag@AgCl修饰的锐钛矿相TiO2纳米管的制备及其光催化性能   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
首先采用水热合成法和双氧水处理制备了具有锐钛矿相的TiO2纳米管,然后通过沉淀和光化学反应将Ag@AgCl纳米粒子负载于其上,从而制得TiO2纳米管负载的表面等离子体光催化剂.结果表明,经Ag@AgCl纳米粒子修饰后,锐钛矿相TiO2纳米管因表面等离子共振效应而对可见光具有明显的响应,光生电子-空穴对更容易分离,因而T...  相似文献   

9.
A magnetized nano‐photocatalyst based on TiO2/magnetic graphene was developed for efficient photodegradation of crystal violet (CV). Scanning electron microscopy, X‐ray diffraction, energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy and elemental mapping were used to characterize the prepared magnetic nano‐photocatalyst. The photocatalytic activity of the synthesized magnetic nano‐photocatalyst was evaluated using the decomposition of CV as a model organic pollutant under UV light irradiation. The obtained results showed that TiO2/magnetic graphene exhibited much higher photocatalytic performance than bare TiO2. Incorporation of graphene enhanced the activity of the prepared magnetic nano‐photocatalyst. TiO2/magnetic graphene can be easily separated from an aqueous solution by applying an external magnetic field. Effects of pH, magnetized nano‐photocatalyst dosage, UV light irradiation time, H2O2 amount and initial concentration of dye on the photodegradation efficiency were evaluated and optimized. Efficient photodegradation (>98%) of the selected dye under optimized conditions using the synthesized nano‐photocatalyst under UV light irradiation was achieved in 25 min. The prepared magnetic nano‐photocatalyst can be used in a wide pH range (4–10) for degradation of CV. The effects of scavengers, namely methanol (OH? scavenger), p‐benzoquinone (O2?? scavenger) and disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate (hole scavenger), on CV photodegradation were investigated.  相似文献   

10.
CuS-graphene oxide/TiO2 composites were prepared using a sol-gel method to improve the photocatalytic performance of the photocatalyst. The composites were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray analysis, and transmission electron microscopy. The photocatalytic activities were examined by the degradation of methylene blue (MB) under visible-light irradiation. The photodegradation of MB under visible-light irradiation reached 90.1% after 120 min. The kinetics of MB degradation was plotted alongside the values calculated from the Langmuir-Hinshelwood equation. The CuS-graphene oxide/TiO2 sample prepared using 0.2 mol of TiO2 showed the best photocatalytic activity. This was attributed to a cooperative reaction as a result of increased photoabsorption by graphene oxide and an increased photocatalytic effect by CuS.  相似文献   

11.
The unique heterojunction photocatalyst of graphite carbon nitride(g-C3N4) modified ultrafine TiO2(gC3N4/Ti O2) was successfully fabricated by electrochemical etching and co-annealing method. However,the effects of various environmental factors on the degradation of TC by g-C3N4/Ti O2and the internal reaction mechanism are still unclear. In this study, the effects of initial p H, anions, and cations on the ph...  相似文献   

12.
SnO2–TiO2/fly ash cenospheres (FAC) were prepared via hydrothermal method and used as an active photocatalyst in a photocatalytic system. Scanning electron microscopy, X‐ray diffraction analysis, UV–Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and N2 adsorption–desorption measurements were used to determine the structure and optical property of SnO2–TiO2/FAC. Phenol was selected as the model substance for photocatalytic reactions to evaluate catalytic ability. Results showed that the degradation efficiency of phenol by SnO2–TiO2/FAC was 90.7% higher than that decomposed by TiO2/FAC. Increased efficiency could be due to the enhanced synergistic effect of semiconductors and FAC could provide more adsorption sites for the pollutant in the photocatalytic reaction. Furthermore, SnO2–TiO2/FAC composites exhibited excellent photocatalytic stability in four reuse cycles. Radical‐trapping experiments further revealed the dominating functions of holes in the photocatalytic reaction.  相似文献   

13.
Visible‐light‐driven plasmonic photocatalyst Ag‐TiO2 nanocomposite hollow spheres are prepared by a template‐free chemically‐induced self‐transformation strategy under microwave‐hydrothermal conditions, followed by a photochemical reduction process under xenon lamp irradiation. The prepared samples are characterized by using scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X‐ray diffraction, N2 adsorption‐desorption isotherms, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, UV/Vis and Raman spectroscopy. Production of ?OH radicals on the surface of visible‐light illuminated TiO2 was detected by using a photoluminescence method with terephthalic acid as the probe molecule. The photocatalytic activity of as‐prepared samples was evaluated by photocatalytic decolorization of Rhodamine B (RhB) aqueous solution at ambient temperature under visible‐light irradiation. The results show that the surface plasmon absorption band of the silver nanoparticles supported on the TiO2 hollow spheres was red shifted, and a strong surface enhanced Raman scattering effect for the Ag‐TiO2 nanocomposite sample was observed. The prepared nanocomposite hollow spheres exhibits a highly visible‐light photocatalytic activity for photocatalytic degradation of RhB in water, and their photocatalytic activity is higher than that of pure TiO2 and commercial Degussa P25 (P25) powders. Especially, the as‐prepared Ag‐TiO2 nanocomposite hollow spheres at the nominal atomic ratio of silver to titanium ( R ) of 2 showed the highest photocatalytic activity, which exceeds that of P25 by a factor of more than 2.  相似文献   

14.
A novel Pt–TiO2/Ag nanotube photocatalyst has been synthesized successfully via a facile method. TiO2 nanotubes are assembled with numerous ultrathin TiO2 nanosheets and show a highly open structure. The gaps between adjacent TiO2 nanosheets can serve as channels for the access of reactants, accelerating the mass transfer process. During the fabrication process of the Pt–TiO2/Ag nanotube photocatalyst, high‐quality Pt–SiO2 nanotubes are synthesized first with the structure‐directing effect of polyvinylpyrrolidone. Then a TiO2 layer is coated on the outside surface of the silica nanotubes. The introduced titanium species can be converted into TiO2 nanosheet structure during the subsequent hydrothermal treatment, gradually constructing nanosheet‐assembled nanotubes. Lastly, after the introduction of another electron sink function site of Ag through UV irradiation, the Pt–TiO2/Ag nanotube photocatalyst with dual electron sink functional sites is obtained. The specially doped Pt and Ag NPs can simultaneously inhibit the recombination process of photogenerated charge carriers and increase light utilization efficiency. Therefore, the as‐synthesized Pt–TiO2/Ag nanotube catalyst exhibits a high photocatalytic degradation performance for rhodamine B of 0.2 min?1, which is about 3.2 and 5.3 times as high as that of Pt–TiO2 and TiO2 nanotubes because of the enhanced charge carrier separation efficiency. Furthermore, in the unique nanoarchitecture, the nanotubes are assembled with numerous ultrathin TiO2 nanosheets, which can absorb abundant active species and dye molecules for photocatalytic reaction. On the basis of experimental results, a possible rhodamine B degradation mechanism is proposed to explain the excellent photocatalytic efficiency of the Pt–TiO2/Ag nanotube photocatalyst.  相似文献   

15.
The thin films of TiO2 doped by Sn or Nb were prepared by sol–gel method under process control. The effects of Sn and Nb doping on the structural, optical and photo-catalytic properties of applied thin films have been studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD) high resolution transmission electron microscopy and UV–Vis absorption spectroscopy. Surface chemical state of thin films was examined by atomic X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. XRD results suggest that adding impurities has a great effect on the crystallinity and particle size of TiO2. Titania rutile phase formation in thin film was promoted by Sn4+ addition but was inhibited by Nb5+ doping. The activity of the photocatalyst was evaluated by photocatalytic degradation kinetics of aqueous methylene blue under UV and Visible radiation. The results show that the photocatalytic activity of the Sn-doped TiO2 thin film have a larger degradation efficiency than Nb-doped TiO2 under visible light, but under UV light photocatalytic activity of the Nb-doped TiO2 thin film is better.  相似文献   

16.
以钛粉、钽粉为原料,炭黑作为反应性模板,通过熔盐法在炭黑表面原位生长了TaTiC2纳米碳化物涂层,并以所得TaTiC2/C复合物为碳化物前驱体,再经可控氧化制备出中空Ta2O5/TiO2复合光催化剂。采用X射线粉末衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、紫外-可见(UV-Vis)漫反射(DRS)及N2物理吸附等手段对所制备的光催化剂进行形貌、显微结构及孔结构表征。以高压汞灯为紫外光源,以亚甲基蓝为目标降解物,通过光催化降解实验评价中空Ta2O5/TiO2复合光催化剂的光催化活性。结果表明,熔盐法生长碳化物涂层厚度均匀(20~30 nm),碳化物主要以TaTiC2晶相存在且具有纳米级的颗粒尺寸。中空Ta2O5/TiO2复合光催化剂同时具有200 nm左右的中空大孔结构及壳层10 nm左右的介孔结构。中空大孔和介孔的存在提高了所制备催化剂对亚甲基蓝的吸附能力。此外,TiO2与Ta2O5通过电子能带结构的耦合,有效提高了光生电子和空穴的分离效率,从而显著提高了光催化活性。nTinTa=2.5∶1.5时,相应的中空Ta2O5/TiO2复合光催化剂表现出最佳的光催化活性,对亚甲基蓝的紫外光催化降解率高达97%。  相似文献   

17.
TiO2 nanopowders doped by Si and Zr were prepared by sol–gel method. The effects of Si and Zr doping on the structural, optical, and photo-catalytic properties of titania nanopowders have been studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and UV–Vis absorption spectroscopy. XRD results suggest that adding impurities has a significant effect on anatase phase stability, crystallinity, and particle size of TiO2. Titania rutile phase formation in ternary system (Ti–Si–Zr) was inhibited by Zr4+ and Si4+ co-doped TiO2 in high temperatures (500–900 °C) and 36 mol% anatase composition is retained even after calcination at 1,000 °C. The photocatalyst activity was evaluated by photocatalytic degradation kinetics of aqueous methylen orange under visible radiation. The results show that the photocatalytic activity of the 20 %Si and 15 %Zr co-doped TiO2 nanopowders have a larger degradation efficiency than pure TiO2 under visible light.  相似文献   

18.
Three TiO2 loaded composites, TiO2/kaolin, TiO2/diatomite, and TiO2/zeolite, were prepared in order to improve the solar-light photocatalytic activity of TiO2. The results showed that the photocatalytic activity could obviously be enhanced by loading appropriate amount of inorganic mineral materials. Meanwhile, TiO2 content, heat-treatment temperature and heat-treatment time on the photocatalytic activity were reviewed. Otherwise, the effect of solar light irradiation time and dye concentration on the photocatalytic degradation of Acid Red B was investigated. Furthermore, the degradation mechanism and adsorption process were also discussed.  相似文献   

19.
以钛粉、钽粉为原料,炭黑作为反应性模板,通过熔盐法在炭黑表面原位生长了TaTiC_2纳米碳化物涂层,并以所得TaTiC_2/C复合物为碳化物前驱体,再经可控氧化制备出中空Ta_2O_5/TiO_2复合光催化剂。采用X射线粉末衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、紫外-可见(UV-Vis)漫反射(DRS)及N2物理吸附等手段对所制备的光催化剂进行形貌、显微结构及孔结构表征。以高压汞灯为紫外光源,以亚甲基蓝为目标降解物,通过光催化降解实验评价中空Ta_2O_5/TiO_2复合光催化剂的光催化活性。结果表明,熔盐法生长碳化物涂层厚度均匀(20~30 nm),碳化物主要以TaTiC_2晶相存在且具有纳米级的颗粒尺寸。中空Ta_2O_5/TiO_2复合光催化剂同时具有200 nm左右的中空大孔结构及壳层10 nm左右的介孔结构。中空大孔和介孔的存在提高了所制备催化剂对亚甲基蓝的吸附能力。此外,TiO_2与Ta2O5通过电子能带结构的耦合,有效提高了光生电子和空穴的分离效率,从而显著提高了光催化活性。nTi∶nTa=2.5∶1.5时,相应的中空Ta_2O_5/TiO_2复合光催化剂表现出最佳的光催化活性,对亚甲基蓝的紫外光催化降解率高达97%。  相似文献   

20.
本工作采用改进的溶胶-凝胶法和浸渍法制备了TiO2掺杂稀土离子La3+的La/TiO2光催化剂,运用XRD、N2吸附脱附、紫外可见漫反射光谱(DRS)、表面光电压谱(SPS)等手段进行表征,同时利用原位红外技术考察了La/TiO2样品光催化降解乙烯、丙酮、苯的气-固相光催化氧化反应,对其光催化降解有机污染物的过程进行了研究。结果表明,TiO2经适量La3+掺杂后,锐钛矿晶型的含量增加,晶粒度减小,比表面积增大,禁带宽度增加,表面光电压信号增强,光生电子-空穴对有效分离;La/TiO2样品对乙烯、丙酮、苯的光催化性能与纯TiO2相比均有不同程度的改善,乙烯可以被光催化氧化完全矿化生成CO2,而丙酮被光催化氧化可能生成中间产物丙酸,苯被光催化氧化可能生成中间产物苯酚和苯醌。  相似文献   

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