固相萃取/高效液相色谱法对饲料中阿散酸、硝苯砷酸和洛克沙砷的同时测定

采用强阴离子固相萃取柱净化样品,建立了固相萃耳更／高效液相色谱法同时测定饲料中的阿散酸、硝苯砷酸和洛克沙砷的分析方法。研究了固相萃取吸附条件、洗脱条件,并对提取剂进行了优化。阿散酸、硝苯砷酸和洛克沙砷的定量线性范围为0．5～50mg／L,线性相关系数均大于0．999;检出限阿散酸为0．095mg／kg、硝苯砷酸为0．18mg／kg、洛克沙砷为0．19mg／kg;保留时间的相对标准偏差（RSD）不大于0．51％。样品中3个添加水平的平均回收率为阿散酸80％～83％,RSD为1．0％～3．8％;硝苯砷酸76％～81％,RSD为1．2％～4．6％;洛克沙砷74％～84％,RSD为1．4％-5．5％。     

液相色谱串联质谱法同时测定饲料中8种苯并咪唑类药物

建立了同时测定饲料中8种苯并咪唑类药物(噻苯咪唑、丙硫咪唑、硫苯咪唑、苯硫氧咪唑、氟苯咪唑、甲苯咪唑、丙氧苯唑和三氯苯唑)的液相色谱串联质谱分析方法。饲料样品用酸化乙腈直接提取,提取液用甲酸溶液稀释后进行分析。分析时用XBridgeTMC18色谱柱,以甲酸溶液-乙腈体系进行梯度洗脱,MRM方式测定,基质外标法定量。8种苯并咪唑类药物均在0.02~10.0 mg.L-1范围内呈良好的线性关系,相关系数(r2)均不低于0.990,在饲料样品中的检出限为2.1~63.0μg.kg-1。饲料中苯并咪唑类药物在0.50、30、200 mg.kg-13种加标水平下的回收率为84%~104%,相对标准偏差均小于10.0%。方法分析单个样品约需30 min,该方法适合饲料中8种苯并咪唑类药物的同时分析。     

稻米中13种苯氧羧酸类除草剂多残留的高效液相色谱-质谱测定

建立了高效液相色谱-质谱联用（HPLC—MS）选择离子监测（SIM）同时测定稻米中13种苯氧羧酸类除草剂多残留的方法。样品经过乙腈提取,盐酸酸化,SCX阳离子交换吸附剂分散固相萃取净化后,采用HPLC—MS测定。对13种苯氧羧酸类除草剂的液相色谱分离、样品前处理条件进行了详细的研究和优化,13种苯氧羧酸类除草剂在0．02～1．0mg／L范围内线性良好,相关系数为0．9954～0．9998。在0．05～1．0mg／kg范围内,平均添加回收率为77％～99％,相对标准偏差为0．9％～14．9％。     

柱后衍生-荧光检测高效液相色谱法快速测定鲜牛奶中链霉素残留量

牛奶样品经磷酸溶液提取，提取液用苯磺酸阳离子交换柱和C18固相萃取柱净化，链霉素残留液用甲醇从C18固相萃取柱上洗脱，经旋转蒸发器减压蒸干，残渣用0．01mol／L庚烷磺酸钠溶液溶解，用柱后衍生-高效液相色谱荧光检测器在激发波长263nm和发射波长435nm测定．方法线性范围为0.01～0．10mg／kg；在0．01～0．10mg／kg范围，三个添加水平的回收率为78．3％～80．2％，变异系数(CV)为7．4％～12．4％，方法检出限为0．005mg／kg．     

微量化学法GC-MS快速测定酱油中的氯丙醇

应用气相色谱．质谱法同时测定酱油中3种氯丙醇的含量。采用微量化前处理和固相萃取技术，将试样用硅酸镁载体(Florisil)小柱提取，乙醚洗脱，洗脱液中的氯丙醇经七氟丁酰咪唑(HFBI)衍生，GC-MSD-SIM方式进行测定，采用外标法定量，方法回收率在76％～99％之间，相对标准偏差为1％～7％，测定低限为0．010mg／kg。     

固相萃取-HPLC法测定蜂蜜中残留的10种磺胺类药物

研究了用固相萃取-高效液相色谱法同时测定蜂蜜中10种磺胺类药物残留量的方法。样品经三氯甲烷溶液提取,过Oasis HLB C18固相萃取柱净化,用乙腈洗脱10种磺胺,反相高效液相色谱-紫外检测器测定。检测波长为270nm,柱温45℃．流动相：磷酸水溶液-乙腈梯度洗脱．该方法前处理简单,梯度洗脱分离效果和重现性好,在0．010～1．0mg／kg添加水平,10种组分的回收率在86．5％～100．8％之间,室内相对标准偏差在3．5％～8．1％之间,线性范围为0．010～10μg／mL,检出限为0．005mg／kg。该方法快速、灵敏、专属,可用于食品中磺胺类药物残留量的常规检测。     

固相萃取-梯度洗脱高效液相色谱法同时检测饲料中十三种磺胺类药物

建立了一种同时检测饲料中十三种磺胺类药物含量的方法,样品用磷酸盐缓冲液提取,HLB固相萃取小柱净化,梯度洗脱-HPLC分析,方法定量下限为0．5mg／kg,在0．5～10．0mg／kg添加水平上的回收率为63．6％～118．2％,相对标准偏差4．78％～17．24％,方法简便．适用于饲料中低含量磺胺类药物检测．     

气相色谱质谱联用法对农产品中8种种衣剂农药残留的同时测定

应用气相色谱-质谱联用仪（GC-MS）建立了水果、蔬菜、粮谷等农产品中8种种衣剂农药残留的分析测定方法。样品用乙腈提取,通过石墨化碳或C18固相萃取小柱净化,经DB-5ms气相色谱柱分离,电子轰击电离（EI）、选择离子监测模式（SIM）对定量离子和定性离子进行MS测定。标准工作曲线范围0．02-0．5mg／L。样品中添加水平为0．005、0．010和0．020mg／kg时,回收率为74％～110％;相对标准偏差小于15％。检出限（S／N=3）为0．09～0．77μg／kg。     

HPLC法对鱼肉中3种四环素类和5种氟喹诺酮类兽药残留的同时测定

建立了水产品中四环素类和氟喹诺酮类兽药多残留同时检测的高效液相色谱分析方法。样品经甲醇-水（体积比2：8,pH5．3）提取,C18固相萃取小柱净化,以甲醇-丙二酸＋氯化镁水溶液作流动相,梯度洗脱,紫外检测器检测。对样品前处理和色谱分析条件进行了优化,8种抗生素（土霉素、四环素、金霉素、沙拉沙星、恩诺沙星、达氟沙星、环丙沙星、单诺沙星）在0．1～10mg／L范围内线性关系良好。方法的检出限（S／N=3）为0．011～0．051mg／kg,定量下限（S／N=10）为0．035～0．17mg／kg,平均加标回收率为81％～96％,相对标准偏差（RSD）为2．5％～10．5％。该方法适用于水产品中抗生素多残留的测定。     

高效液相色谱法测定鸡蛋中呋喃唑酮的残留量

采用基体固相扩散和固相萃取相结合的技术,对鸡蛋中呋喃唑酮残留进行了提取和净化处理,建立了高效液相色谱法检测鸡蛋中呋喃唑酮残留量的方法。对呋喃唑酮在C18固定相和硅胶固相萃取柱上的保留行为进行了研究。采用液相色谱分离,外标法定量,呋喃唑酮标准溶液的峰面积与样品浓度在5μg／L～2．5mg／L范围内呈良好的线性关系,线性回归系数大于0．9999。鸡蛋样品中呋喃唑酮不同加入量的平均回收率在80．2％～91．1％;相对标准偏差在2．0％～9．5％;最低检出限为10μg／kg。分析方法具有良好的重现性．批内、批间定量结果的相对标准偏差均小于10％。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.