共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
G. Bian M. Bisset N. Kersting Y. Liu X. Wang 《The European Physical Journal C - Particles and Fields》2008,53(3):429-446
A ‘wedgebox’ plot is a two-dimensional scatter-plot of two invariant mass quantities. Here pp→e+e-μ+μ-+≠E signature LHC events are analyzed by plotting the di-electron invariant mass versus the di-muon invariant mass. Data sets
of such events are obtained across the MSSM input parameter space in realistic event-generator simulations, including cuts
designed to remove SM backgrounds. Their study reveals several general features. Firstly, regions in the MSSM input parameter
space where a sufficient number of events are expected so as to be able to construct a clear wedgebox plot are delineated.
Secondly, the presence of box shapes on a wedgebox plot either indicates the presence of heavy Higgs bosons’ decays or restricts
the location to a quite small region of low μ and M2 values, ≲ 200 GeV, a region denoted as the ‘lower island’. In this region, wedgebox plots can be quite complicated and change
in pattern rather quickly as one moves around in the (μ,M2) plane. Thirdly, direct neutralino pair production from an intermediate Z0* may only produce a wedge shape since only decays can contribute significantly. And fourthly, a double-wedge or wedge-protruding-from-a-box pattern on a wedgebox plot,
which results from combining a variety of MSSM production processes, yields three distinct observed endpoints, almost always
attributable to decays, which can be utilized to determine a great deal of information about the neutralino and slepton mass spectra and
related MSSM input parameters. Wedge and double-wedge patterns are seen in wedgebox plots in another region of higher μ and
M2 values, denoted as the ‘upper island’. Here the pattern is simpler and more stable as one moves across the (μ,M2) input parameter space. 相似文献
2.
Y. A. Gauduel Y. Glinec J.-P. Rousseau F. Burgy V. Malka 《The European Physical Journal D - Atomic, Molecular, Optical and Plasma Physics》2010,60(1):121-135
The damages triggered by ionizing radiation on chemical and biological targets depend on the survival probability of radicals
produced in clusters of ionization-excitation events. In this paper, we report on femtolysis (FEMTOsecond radioLYSIS) of pure
liquid water using an innovative laser produced high-energy, ultra-short electron bunches in the 2.5-15 MeV range and high
energy radiation femtochemistry (HERF) measurements. The short-time monitoring of a primary reducing radical, hydrated electron
e-aq^{-}_{aq}, has been performed in confined ionization spaces (nascent spurs). The calculated yield of hydrated electrons at early time,
G(e-aq)ETG({\rm e}^{-}_{aq})_{ET}, is estimated to be 6.5 ± 0.5 (number/100 eV) at t ~ 5 ps after the ultrafast energy deposition. This estimated value is high compare to (i) the available data of previous
works that used scavenging techniques; (ii) the predictions of stochastic water radiolysis modelling for which the initial
behaviour of hydrated electron is investigated in the framework of a classical diffusion regime of independent pairs. The
HERF developments give new insights into the early ubiquitous radical escape probability in nascent aqueous spurs and emphasize
the importance of short-lived solvent bridged electron-radical complexes
[H3O+...{\rm H}_{3}{\rm O}^{+...}
eaq-{\rm e}_{aq}^{-} ..OH]nH2O{\rm OH}]_{n{\rm H}_2{\rm O}}
(non-independent pairs). A complete understanding of the
G(e-aq)ET{\rm e}^{-}_{aq})_{ET} value needs to account for quantum aspects of 1s-like trapped electron ground state and neoformed
prototropic radicals that govern ultra-fast recombination processes within these non-independent pair configurations. Femtolysis
data
emphasize that within a time-dependent non-diffusion regime, spatio-temporal correlations between hydrated electron and nearest
neighbours OH radical or hydrated proton (H3O+{\rm H}_{3}{\rm O}^{+}) would assist ultrafast anisotropic 1D recombination within solvent bridged electron-radical complexes. The emerging HERF
domain would provide guidance for understanding of ultrashort-lived sub-structure of tracks and stimulate future semi-quantum
simulations on prethermal radical reactions. 相似文献
3.
D. Habs B. M. Hegelich J. Schreiber P. G. Thirolf 《The European Physical Journal D - Atomic, Molecular, Optical and Plasma Physics》2009,55(2):253-264
The use is suggested of a laser-accelerated dense electron sheet with
an energy of (E=[(g)\tilde] mc2E=\tilde{\gamma} mc^2) as a relativistic mirror to reflect coherently a second
laser with photon energy ħω, generating by the Doppler boost
high-energy γ photons with $
\hbar \omega ' = 4\tilde \gamma ^2 \hbar \omega
$
\hbar \omega ' = 4\tilde \gamma ^2 \hbar \omega
and
short duration [A. Einstein, Annalen der Physik 17, 891 (1905); D. Habs et al., Appl. Phys. B 93, 349 (2008)]. Two of these counter-propagating
γ beams are focused by the parabolically shaped electron sheets into the
interaction region with small, close to diffraction-limited, spot size.
Comparing the new nγ-mγ collider with former proposed
γγ collider schemes we achieve the conversion of many
photon-pairs in a small space-time volume to matter-antimatter particles,
while in the other discussed setups only two isolated, much more
high-energetic photons will be converted, reaching in the
new approach much higher energy densities and temperatures.
With a γ-field strength somewhat below the Schwinger limit we can
reach this complete conversion of the γ bunch energy into
e+e- or quark-antiquark q[`(q)]q\bar{q}-plasmas.
For a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) [A. Einstein, Physikalisch-mathematische Klasse (Berlin) 22, 261 (1924); A. Einstein, Physikalisch-mathematische Klasse (Berlin) 22, 3 (1925); A. Griffin, D.W. Snoke, S. Stringari, Bose-Einstein Condensation (Cambridge University Press, 1995)] final state or for the Cooper pair ground state at higher densities [A.J. Leggett, Quantum Liquids, Oxford Graduate Texts (Oxford University Press, 2006)] the strong induced transition
into this coherent state is of special interest for single-cycle γ
pulses. Due to annihilation these cold coherent states are very
short-lived. For γ beams with photon energies
of 1–10 keV the rather cold e+e--plasma or
e+e--BEC expands to a cold dense aggregate of positronium (Ps)
atoms, where the production of Ps molecules is discussed.
For photon energies of 1–10 MeV we discuss the production of
a cold induced π0-BEC followed by the formation of molecules.
For the direct population of higher q[`(q)]q\bar{q} densities we can study
condensates of color-neutral mesons with enhanced population.
For a γγ collider with several-cycle laser pulses
the following cycles heat up the fermion-antifermion
f[`(f)]f\bar{f} system to a certain temperature.
Thus we can reach high energy densities and temperatures of an e+e-γ
plasma, where the production of hadrons in general or the quark-gluon
phase transition can be observed. Within the long-term goal of very
high photon energies of about 1 GeV in the nγ-mγ-collider,
even the electro-weak phase transition or SUSY phase transition
could be reached. 相似文献
4.
The decays η,
→ π+π-
l
+
l
- (with l = e,μ are investigated within a chiral unitary approach which combines the chiral effective Lagrangian with a coupled-channels
Bethe-Salpeter equation. Predictions for the decay widths and spectra are given. 相似文献
5.
A new evaluation of the hadronic vacuum polarization contribution to the muon magnetic moment is presented. We take into account the reanalysis of the low-energy e
+
e
-annihilation cross section into hadrons by the CMD-2 Collaboration. The agreement between e
+
e
-and
spectral functions in the
channel is found to be much improved. Nevertheless, significant discrepancies remain in the center-of-mass energy range between 0.85 and
, so that we refrain from averaging the two data sets. The values found for the lowest-order hadronic vacuum polarization contributions are
where the errors have been separated according to their sources: experimental, missing radiative corrections in e
+
e
-data, and isospin breaking. The corresponding Standard Model predictions for the muon magnetic anomaly read
where the errors account for the hadronic, light-by-light (LBL) scattering and electroweak contributions. The deviations from the measurement at BNL are found to be
(1.9
) and
(0.7
) for the e
+
e
-- and
-based estimates, respectively, where the second error is from the LBL contribution and the third one from the BNL measurement.Received: 7 September 2003, Published online: 30 October 2003 相似文献
6.
M. J. Jamieson H. Ouerdane 《The European Physical Journal D - Atomic, Molecular, Optical and Plasma Physics》2011,61(2):373-380
We investigate the effects of two approximations concerning
long range dispersion forces that are made in the
derivation of the semiclassical formula
for the scattering length of a pair of neutral atoms. We demonstrate
numerically, using a published model interaction potential for a pair of Cs
atoms in the 3Su+^3{\rm\Sigma}_{\rm u}^+ molecular state,
that the subsequent long range errors tend to
cancel and we show, from an approximate analytical relationship,
that the first order errors do indeed largely cancel.
We suggest a hybrid method that combines quantum mechanical
and semiclassical calculations. We explore its use
in finding the scattering lengths of 7Li atoms and
133Cs atoms interacting via the X1S+^1{\rm\Sigma}^+
and a3S+^3{\rm\Sigma}^+ molecular potentials and we use it
to demonstrate that the semiclassical formula fails
for cold collisions of
H atoms in the X1Sg+^1{\rm\Sigma}_{\rm g}^+ molecular state
because of the long range errors rather than because of inadequacies in
describing the motion over the potential well semiclassically. 相似文献
7.
《The European Physical Journal C - Particles and Fields》2008,54(3):345-364
A determination of the single W spin density matrix (SDM) elements in the reaction e+e-→W+W-→lνqq̄(l=e/μ) is reported at centre-of-mass energies between 189 and 209 GeV. The data sample used corresponds to an integrated
luminosity of 520 pb-1 taken by DELPHI between 1998 and 2000.
The single W SDM elements, ρττ’
W± (τ,τ’=± 1 or 0), are determined as a function of the W- production angle with respect to the e- beam direction and are obtained from measurements of the W decay products by the application of suitable projection operators,
Λττ’, which assume the V-A coupling of the W-boson to fermions.
The measured SDM elements are used to obtain the fraction of longitudinally polarised Ws, with the result: at a mean energy of 198 GeV. The SDM elements are also used to determine the triple gauge couplings Δg1
Z,Δκγ,λγ and g4
Z, and . For the CP-violating couplings the results of single parameter fits are:
The errors are a combination of statistical and systematic errors. All results are consistent with the Standard Model. 相似文献
8.
9.
S. Stave M. O. Distler I. Nakagawa N. Sparveris P. Achenbach C. Ayerbe Gayoso D. Baumann J. Bernauer A. M. Bernstein R. Böhm D. Bosnar T. Botto A. Christopoulou D. Dale M. Ding L. Doria J. Friedrich A. Karabarbounis M. Makek H. Merkel U. Müller R. Neuhausen L. Nungesser C. N. Papanicolas A. Piegsa J. Pochodzalla M. Potokar M. Seimetz S. Širca S. Stiliaris Th. Walcher M. Weis 《The European Physical Journal A - Hadrons and Nuclei》2006,30(3):471-476
To determine nonspherical angular-momentum amplitudes in hadrons at long ranges (low Q2), data were taken for the p(ˉe, e'p)π0 reaction in the Δ region at Q
2 = 0.060 (GeV/c)2 utilizing the magnetic spectrometers of the A1 Collaboration at MAMI. The results for the dominant transition magnetic dipole
amplitude and the quadrupole to dipole ratios at W = 1232 MeV are
, Re(
)%, and Re(
)%. These disagree with predictions of constituent quark models but are in reasonable agreement with lattice calculations
with nonlinear (chiral) pion mass extrapolations, with chiral effective field theory, and with dynamical models with pion
cloud effects. These results confirm the dominance, and general Q2 variation, of the pionic contribution at large distances. 相似文献
10.
A. Ehresmann W. Kielich L. Werner Ph. V. Demekhin D. V. Omel''yanenko V. L. Sukhorukov K.-H. Schartner H. Schmoranzer 《The European Physical Journal D - Atomic, Molecular, Optical and Plasma Physics》2007,45(2):235-246
Dispersed fluorescence from fragments formed after the de-excitation of the
1s-1π* resonances of N*O and NO* has been
measured in the spectral range of 118–142 nm. This range is dominated by
lines of atomic nitrogen and oxygen fragments and by the
bands in the NO+ ion which result from the participator Auger decay of the 1s-1π* resonances.
Ab-initio calculations of the transition probabilities between vibrational
levels during the reaction NO
N*O
⇒ NO
were used to explain the observed intensity dependence for the
fluorescence bands on the exciting-photon energy across
the resonances and on both v′ and v′′
vibrational quantum numbers. The multiplet structure of the 1s-1π* resonance and lifetime vibrational interference explain the observed exciting-photon energy dependence of the
fluorescence
intensity. A strong spin-orbit coupling between singlet and triplet states
of NO+ is proposed to reduce additional cascade population of the
state via radiative transitions from the
and
states and to explain
remaining differences between measured and calculated integral fluorescence
intensities. 相似文献
11.
12.
A.E. Dorokhov E.A. Kuraev Yu.M. Bystritskiy M. Sečanský 《The European Physical Journal C - Particles and Fields》2008,55(2):193-198
We reconsider QED radiative corrections (RC) to the π0→e+e- decay width. One kind of RC investigated earlier has a renormalization group origin and can be associated with the final
state interaction of electron and positron. It determines the distribution of lepton pair invariant masses in the whole kinematic
region. The other type of RC has a double-logarithmic character and is related to almost on-mass-shell behavior of the lepton
form factors. The total effect of RC for π0→e+e- decay is estimated to be 3.2%, and for η→e+e- decay it is 4.3%.
PACS 13.25.Cq; 12.38.Lg; 12.38.-t 相似文献
13.
Using a data sample of integrated luminosity of about 33 pb-1 collected around 3.773 GeV with the BESII detector at the BEPC collider, the semileptonic decays D+→φe+νe, D+→φμ+νμ and the hadronic decay D+→φπ+ are studied. The upper limits of the branching fractions are set to be BF(D+→φe+νe)<2.01% and BF(D+→φμ+νμ)<2.04% at the 90% confidence level. The ratio of the branching fractions for D+→φπ+ relative to D+→K-π+π+ is measured to be 0.057±0.011±0.003. In addition, the branching fraction for D+→φπ+ is obtained to be (5.2±1.0±0.4)×10-3. 相似文献
14.
15.
We present the results of elliptic flow for the collision of nearly symmetric nuclei (10Ne20+ 13Al27_{10}{\rm Ne}^{20}+\,_{13}{\rm Al}^{27}, 18Ar40+ 21Sc45_{18}{\rm Ar}^{40}+\,_{21}{\rm Sc}^{45}, 30Zn64+ 28Ni58_{30}{\rm Zn}^{64}+\,_{28}{\rm Ni}^{58}, 36Kr86+ 41Nb93_{36}{\rm Kr}^{86}+\,_{41}{\rm Nb}^{93}) using the quantum molecular dynamics (QMD) model. General features of elliptic flow are investigated with the help of theoretical
simulations. The simulations are performed at beam energies between 45 and 105 MeV /nucleon. A significant change can be seen
from in-plane to out-of-plane elliptic flow of different fragments with incident energy. A comparison with experimental data
is also made. Further, we show that elliptic flow for different fragments follows power-law dependence as given by the function
C(Atot)tC{(A_{\rm tot})^\tau}. 相似文献
16.
U. D. Jentschura B. J. Wundt 《The European Physical Journal D - Atomic, Molecular, Optical and Plasma Physics》2011,65(3):357-366
The current discrepancy of theory and experiment observed recently in muonic hydrogen
necessitates a reinvestigation of all corrections to contribute to the Lamb shift in
muonic hydrogen (μH), muonic deuterium (μD), the muonic
\hbox{3He{}^3{\rm He}}
3
He
ion (denoted here as μ
3He+), as well as in the muonic
\hbox{4He{}^4{\rm He}}
4
He
ion (μ
4He+). Here, we choose a semi-analytic approach and evaluate a
number of higher-order corrections to vacuum polarization (VP) semi-analytically, while
remaining integrals over the spectral density of VP are performed numerically. We obtain
semi-analytic results for the second-order correction, and for the relativistic correction
to VP. The self-energy correction to VP is calculated, including the perturbations of the
Bethe logarithms by vacuum polarization. Subleading logarithmic terms in the
radiative-recoil correction to the 2S–2P Lamb shift of order
α(Zα)5
μ
3ln(Zα) / (m
μ
m
N
)
are also obtained. All calculations are nonperturbative in the mass ratio of orbiting
particle and nucleus. 相似文献
17.
A. Bartl H. Eberl S. Kraml W. Majerotto W. Porod 《Zeitschrift fur Physik C Particles and Fields》1997,73(3):469-476
We present a comprehensive study of pair production and decay of stops, sbottoms, and staus in e+e? annihilation at LEP2. We give numerical predictions within the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model for cross sections and decay rates, and discuss the important signatures. In the case of stau production we also study the polarization of the τ in the decays ${\tilde \tau}_{1}\rightarrow \tau \ {\tilde \chi}_{1,2}^{0}$ . 相似文献
18.
Dalitz decays of ω and ρ mesons,
and
, produced in pp collisions are calculated within a covariant effective meson-nucleon theory. We argue that the ω transition form factor
is experimentally accessible in a fairly model-independent way in the reaction pp → ppπ0
e
+
e
- for invariant masses of the π0
e
+
e
- subsystem near the ω pole. Numerical results are presented for the intermediate-energy kinematics of envisaged HADES experiments. 相似文献
19.
L. Pereira A. Morozov M. M. Fraga T. Heindl R. Krücken J. Wieser A. Ulrich 《The European Physical Journal D - Atomic, Molecular, Optical and Plasma Physics》2010,56(3):325-334
The temperature dependences of the quenching rate constants of the states
N2 (${\rm C} \ {^{3}{
\rm \Pi }_{u}}${\rm C} \ {^{3}{
\rm \Pi }_{u}} v′=0,1) by N2 (X) and of the state
N2 (${\rm C} \ {^{3}{
\rm \Pi }_{u}} \ v^{\prime}=0${\rm C} \ {^{3}{
\rm \Pi }_{u}} \ v^{\prime}=0) by O2 (X) are studied.
Time-resolved light emission from the gas was analyzed in the temperature
range from 300 K to 210 K keeping the gas at constant density. In case of
quenching by N2 (X), the quenching rate constant for the vibrational
level v′= 0 increases by (13 ±3)% with gas cooling whereas the
quenching rate constant for v′= 1 decreases by (5.0 ±2.5)% in this
temperature range. For quenching by O2 (X), the quenching rate constant
decreases by (3 ±2)% with gas cooling. The temperature variation of
the N2 (C 3Πu v′=0) emission intensity for pure nitrogen
and dry air are calculated using the obtained quenching rate constants and
is compared with the experimental data available in the literature. 相似文献
20.
《The European Physical Journal C - Particles and Fields》2007,51(3):525-542
Neutral triple-gauge-boson couplings ZZZ, ZZγ and Zγγ have been studied with the DELPHI detector using data at energies between
183 and 208 GeV. Limits are derived on these couplings from an analysis of the reactions e+e-→Zγ, using data from the final states γff̄, with f=q or ν, from e+e-→ZZ, using data from the four-fermion final states qq̄qq̄, qq̄μ+μ-, qq̄e+e-, qq̄νν̄, μ+μ-νν̄ and e+e-νν̄, and from e+e-→Zγ*, in which the final state γ is off mass-shell, using data from the four-fermion final states qq̄e+e- and qq̄μ+μ-. No evidence for the presence of such couplings is observed, in agreement with the predictions of the Standard Model. 相似文献