Weakly o-minimal structures and real closed fields

A linearly ordered structure is weakly o-minimal if all of its definable sets in one variable are the union of finitely many convex sets in the structure. Weakly o-minimal structures were introduced by Dickmann, and they arise in several contexts. We here prove several fundamental results about weakly o-minimal structures. Foremost among these, we show that every weakly o-minimal ordered field is real closed. We also develop a substantial theory of definable sets in weakly o-minimal structures, patterned, as much as possible, after that for o-minimal structures.

     

Coverings by open cells

We prove that in a semi-bounded o-minimal expansion of an ordered group every non-empty open definable set is a finite union of open cells.     

Weakly o-minimal expansions of ordered fields of finite transcendence degree

Using a work of Diaz concerning algebraic independence of certainsequences of numbers, we prove that if K is a field of finitetranscendence degree over the rationals, then every weakly o-minimalexpansion of (K,,+,·) is polynomially bounded. In thespecial case where K is the field of all real algebraic numbers,we give a proof which makes use of a much weaker result fromtranscendental number theory, namely, the Gelfond–Schneidertheorem. Apart from this we make a couple of observations concerningweakly o-minimal expansions of arbitrary ordered fields of finitetranscendence degree over the rationals. The strongest resultwe prove says that if K is a field of finite transcendence degreeover the rationals, then all weakly o-minimal non-valuationalexpansions of (K,,+,·) are power bounded.     

Some definable properties of sets in non-valuational weakly o-minimal structures

Let \({\mathcal {M}}=(M,<,+,\cdot ,\ldots )\) be a non-valuational weakly o-minimal expansion of a real closed field \((M,<,+,\cdot )\). In this paper, we prove that \({\mathcal {M}}\) has a \(C^r\)-strong cell decomposition property, for each positive integer r, a best analogous result from Tanaka and Kawakami (Far East J Math Sci (FJMS) 25(3):417–431, 2007). We also show that curve selection property holds in non-valuational weakly o-minimal expansions of ordered groups. Finally, we extend the notion of definable compactness suitable for weakly o-minimal structures which was examined for definable sets (Peterzil and Steinhorn in J Lond Math Soc 295:769–786, 1999), and prove that a definable set is definably compact if and only if it is closed and bounded.     

Simple algebraic and semialgebraic groups over real closed fields

We continue the investigation of infinite, definably simple groups which are definable in o-minimal structures. In Definably simple groups in o-minimal structures, we showed that every such group is a semialgebraic group over a real closed field. Our main result here, stated in a model theoretic language, is that every such group is either bi-interpretable with an algebraically closed field of characteristic zero (when the group is stable) or with a real closed field (when the group is unstable). It follows that every abstract isomorphism between two unstable groups as above is a composition of a semialgebraic map with a field isomorphism. We discuss connections to theorems of Freudenthal, Borel-Tits and Weisfeiler on automorphisms of real Lie groups and simple algebraic groups over real closed fields.

     

Invariance results for definable extensions of groups

We show that in an o-minimal expansion of an ordered group finite definable extensions of a definable group which is defined in a reduct are already defined in the reduct. A similar result is proved for finite topological extensions of definable groups defined in o-minimal expansions of the ordered set of real numbers.     

Compact domination for groups definable in linear o-minimal structures

We prove the Compact Domination Conjecture for groups definable in linear o-minimal structures. Namely, we show that every definably compact group G definable in a saturated linear o-minimal expansion of an ordered group is compactly dominated by (G/G ⁰⁰, m, π), where m is the Haar measure on G/G ⁰⁰ and π : G → G/G ⁰⁰ is the canonical group homomorphism.     

An o-minimal structure without mild parameterization

We prove, by explicit construction, that not all sets definable in polynomially bounded o-minimal structures have mild parameterization. Our methods do not depend on the bounds particular to the definition of mildness and therefore our construction is also valid for a generalized form of parameterization, which we call G-mild. Moreover, we present a cell decomposition result for certain o-minimal structures which may be of independent interest. This allows us to show how our construction can produce polynomially bounded, model complete expansions of the real ordered field which, in addition to lacking G-mild parameterization, nonetheless still have analytic cell decomposition.     

Über Archimedische Punkte Projektiver Ebenen

A point a of an ordered protective plane Π is called Archimedean, iff every ternary ring T(o,e,u,v) of Π with u = a is Archimedean. For a wide variety of point sets S of a finitely generated free plane $cal F$ we construct orderings of $cal F$ so that exactly the points of S are Archimedean. In particular, we prove that for arbitrary lines G₁,…,G_n of $cal F$ there is an ordering of $cal F$ such that, exactly with respectto these lines, $cal F$ is affinely Archimedean.     

Intuitionistic fuzzy semiprime ideals in ordered semigroups

We give characterizations of different classes of ordered semigroups by using intuitionistic fuzzy ideals. We prove that an ordered semigroup is regular if and only if every intuitionistic fuzzy left (respectively, right) ideal of S is idempotent. We also prove that an ordered semigroup S is intraregular if and only if every intuitionistic fuzzy two-sided ideal of S is idempotent. We give further characterizations of regular and intra-regular ordered semigroups in terms of intuitionistic fuzzy left (respectively, right) ideals. In conclusion of this paper we prove that an ordered semigroup S is left weakly regular if and only if every intuitionistic fuzzy left ideal of S is idempotent.     

on the o-minimal LS-category

We introduce the o-minimal LS-category of definable sets in o-minimal expansions of ordered fields and we establish a relation with the semialgebraic and the classical one. We also study the o-minimal LS-category of definable groups. Along the way, we show that two definably connected definably compact definable groups G and H are definable homotopy equivalent if and only if L(G) and L(H) are homotopy equivalent, where L is the functor which associates to each definable group its corresponding Lie group via Pillay’s conjecture.     

A locally convex version of Kadison’s representation theorem

Positivity - In this paper, we study the local ordered $$*$$ -vector spaces and their representations. We prove that each Archimedean local ordered $$*$$ -vector space, can be represented as a...     

Locally polynomially bounded structures

We prove a theorem which provides a method for constructingpoints on varieties defined by certain smooth functions. Werequire that the functions be definable in a definably completeexpansion of a real closed field and be locally definable ina fixed o-minimal and polynomially bounded reduct. As an applicationwe show that in certain o-minimal structures, definable functionsare piecewise implicitly defined over the basic functions inthe language.     

Companionability characterization for the expansion of an o-minimal theory by a dense subgroup

This paper provides a full characterization for when the expansion of a complete o-minimal theory, one that extends the theory of ordered divisible abelian groups, by a unary predicate that picks out a divisible, dense and codense group has a model companion. This result is motivated by criteria and questions introduced in the recent works [14] and [10] concerning the existence of model companions, as well as preservation results for some neostability properties when passing to the model companion. Examples are included both in which the predicate is an additive subgroup of a real ordered vector space, and where it is a multiplicative subgroup of the nonzero elements of an o-minimal expansion of a real closed field. The paper concludes with a brief discussion of neostability properties and examples that illustrate the lack of preservation (from the base o-minimal theory to the model companion of the expansion we define) for properties such as strong, NIP, and NTP₂, though there are also examples for which some or all three of those properties are preserved.     

Noetherian varieties in definably complete structures

We prove that the zero-set of a C ^∞ function belonging to a noetherian differential ring M can be written as a finite union of C ^∞ manifolds which are definable by functions from the same ring. These manifolds can be taken to be connected under the additional assumption that every zero-dimensional regular zero-set of functions in M consists of finitely many points. These results hold not only for C ^∞ functions over the reals, but more generally for definable C ^∞ functions in a definably complete expansion of an ordered field. The class of definably complete expansions of ordered fields, whose basic properties are discussed in this paper, expands the class of real closed fields and includes o-minimal expansions of ordered fields. Finally, we provide examples of noetherian differential rings of C ^∞ functions over the reals, containing non-analytic functions.     

关于序超半群的左超理想的研究

本文在序超半群中引入了极小左超理想和极大左超理想的概念, 并讨论了它们的一些相关性质. 进一步地, 引入了序超半群的弱素左超理想、拟素左超理想、拟半素左超理想及弱拟素左超理想的概念, 并讨论这四种素超理想之间的关系. 而且通过左超理想和弱~$m$-系刻画了序超半群的弱拟素左超理想. 同时, 借助于$m$-系对序超半群的拟素左超理想给出刻画. 尤其证明了序超半群$S$是强半单的当且仅当$S$的每个左超理想是$S$的包含它的所有拟素左超理想的交.     

几类亚交换序半群

本文研究几类亚交换序半群的性质,并将具有单位元的亚交换序半群的一些结果扩张到这几类亚交换序半群上,使得这些结果更加细化,其中主要证明了以下定理：伪交换序半群可以分解成阿基米德序半群的半格．并且,一般来说,这种分解不是唯一的．     

O-minimal Hauptvermutung for polyhedra I

Milnor discovered two compact polyhedra which are homeomorphic but not PL homeomorphic (a counterexample to the Hauptvermutung). He constructed the homeomorphism by a finite procedure repeated infinitely often. Informally, we call a procedure constructive if it consists of an explicit procedure that is repeated only finitely many times. In this sense, Milnor did not give a constructive procedure to define the homeomorphism between the two polyhedra. In the case where the homeomorphism is semialgebraic, the author and Yokoi proved that the polyhedra in R ⁿ are PL homeomorphic. In that article, the required PL homeomorphism was not constructively defined from the given homeomorphism. In the present paper we obtain the PL homeomorphism by a constructive procedure starting from the homeomorphism. We prove in fact that for any ordered field R equipped with any o-minimal structure, two definably homeomorphic compact polyhedra in R ⁿ are PL homeomorphic (the o-minimal Hauptvermutung theorem 1.1). Together with the fact that any compact definable set is definably homeomorphic to a compact polyhedron we can say that o-minimal topology is “tame”.     

On Separable Schur Rings over Abelian Groups

A finite group is said to be weakly separable if every algebraic isomorphism between two S-rings over this group is induced by a combinatorial isomorphism.We prove that every abelian weakly separable group only belongs to one of several explicitly given families.