不动点理论与里卡提方程两个正周期解的存在性

利用压缩映射原理,得到里卡提方程一个正周期解的存在性;利用变量变换方法,将里卡提方程转化为伯努利方程.根据伯努利方程的周期解和变量变换,得到里卡提方程的另一个周期解.并讨论了两个正周期解的稳定性,一个周期解在某个区间上是吸引的,另一个周期解在R上是不稳定的.     

Liénard系统的比较定理

研究了Liénard方程的一类新的等价系统解的有界性与周期解的存在性.证明了几个比较定理,使传统Liénard方程等价系统解的有界性和周期解的存在性可用于判定新等价系统解的有界性与周期解的存在性.     

共振条件下一类方程无界解和周期解的共存性

讨论了在共振条件下一类具有等时位势的方程无界解和周期解的共存性．利用Poincare映射轨道的性质,给出了无界解的存在性条件．在此条件下,Poincare-Bohl定理,得到了方程的一个周期解,进而说明共振条件下这类方程无界解和周期解的是可以共存的．最后,给出了一个无界解和周期解共存的具有等时位势的方程实例．     

受迫广义KdV-Burgers方程行波解的存在唯一性

本文研究具有受迫性的广义二维KdV-Burgers方程的周期行波解,为了获得周期行波解的存在唯一性定理,使唤用特定系数法和Schauder不动点定理获得了受迫广义KdV-Burgers方程周期行波解存在唯一性的条件.并获得了周期行波解的一些先验估计式.     

周期发展方程的周期解的分枝

本文考虑了一类周期发展方程的周期解在锥中的分枝现象,给出了正周期解存在的充分条件。最后,我们把所得到的结果应用到周期抛物型方程或周期反应扩散方程上。     

一类非线性方程的行波解分支

运用平面动力系统的分支方法,研究了一类非线性方程的行波解,画出了在不同参数条件下的相图,证明方程存在周期行波解和周期尖波解.给出了有界波的精确的参数表达式,指出了周期尖波是周期波的极限形式,同时指出了方程不存在圈孤子解.     

n维Reyleigh方程周期解的存在性

本文主要讨论ｎ维Ｒａｙｌｅｉｇｈ方程周期解的存在性。利用Ｍａｗｈｉｎ的重合度理论，我们给出了周期解存在的两个充分条件。对其特例ｎ维Ｄｕｆｆｉｎｇ方程给出了周期解存在唯一的条件。     

关于一类高阶Liénard型方程周期解的注记

本文研究一类具偏差变元的高阶 Liénard型方程的周期解存在性 ,给出了这类方程周期解存在性的若干充分条件 .     

具有周期脉冲的分数阶发展方程周期mild解的存在性

该文讨论了具有分段Caputo导数和周期脉冲的分数阶发展方程,建立了具有周期脉冲的相关线性发展方程周期mild解的存在性和唯一性.借助线性脉冲周期问题解算子的表达式,利用算子半群理论和不动点定理,证明了半线性脉冲周期问题周期mild解的一些新的存在性结果.     

奇次周期Riccati型微分系统的周期解

本文讨论的是一类奇次周期Riccati型方程的周期解问题,利用数学归纳法,得到了奇次周期Riccati型方程周期多个周期解存在的充分条件,并且给出了定理实现的例子。     

Half Space and Quarter Space Dirichlet Problems for the Partial Differential Equation

A customary, heuristic, method, by which the Poisson integral formula for the Dirichlet problem, for the half space, for Laplace's equation is obtained, involves Green's function, and Kelvin's method of images. Although this heuristic method leads one to guess the correct result, this Poisson formula still has to be verified directly, independently of the method by which it was arrived at, in order to be absolutely certain that a solution of the Dirichlet problem for the half space, for Laplace's equation, has been actually obtained. A similar heuristic method, as seems to be generally known, could be followed in solving the Dirichlet problem, for the half space, for the equation where is a real constant. However, in Part 1, a different, labor-saving, method is used to study Dirichlet problems for the equation. This method is essentially based on what Hadamard called the method of descent. Indeed, it is shown that he who has solved the half space Dirichlet problem for Laplace's equation has already solved the half space Dirichlet problem for the equation In Part 2, the solution formula for the quarter space Dirichlet problem for Laplace's equation is obtained from the Poisson integral formula for the half space Dirichlet problem for Laplace's equation. A representation theorem for harmonic functions in the quarter space is deduced. The method of descent is used, in Part 3, to obtain the solution formula for the quarter space Dirichlet problem for the equation by means of the solution formula for the quarter space Dirichlet problem for Laplace's equation. So that, indeed, it is also shown that he who has solved the quarter space Dirichlet problem for Laplace's equation has already solved the quarter space Dirichlet problem for the " equation" For the sake of completeness and clarity, and for the convenience of the reader, the appendix, at the end of Part 3, contains a detailed proof that the Poisson integral formula solves the half space Dirichlet problem for Laplace's equation. The Bibliography for Parts 1,2, 3 is to be found at the end of Part 1.     

浮体与自由面交线附近流场的奇异性

本文研究了浮体与自由面交线附近势流流场的奇异性。结果表明,线性时域解在交线附近的奇异特征是d2lnd.线性频域解在交线附近的奇异特征也是d2lnd,但若采用无穷大频率自由面条件φ=0,交线附近流场的奇异特征是d1nd,这里的d表示交线上的点与场点的距离。     

Testing for increasing convex order in several populations

Increasing convex order is one of important stochastic orderings. It is very often used in queueing theory, reliability, operations research and economics. This paper is devoted to studying the likelihood ratio test for increasing convex order in several populations against an unrestricted alternative. We derive the null asympotic distribution of the likelihood ratio test statistic, which is precisely the chi-bar-squared distribution. The methodology for computing critical values for the test is also discussed. The test is applied to an example involving data for survival time for carcinoma of the oropharynx.     

Depth-Based Recognition of Shape Outlying Functions

A major drawback of many established depth functionals is their ineffectiveness in identifying functions outlying merely in shape. Herein, a simple modification of functional depth is proposed to provide a remedy for this difficulty. The modification is versatile, widely applicable, and introduced without imposing any assumptions on the data, such as differentiability. It is shown that many favorable attributes of the original depths for functions, including consistency properties, remain preserved for the modified depths. The powerfulness of the new approach is demonstrated on a number of examples for which the known depths fail to identify the outlying functions. Supplementary material for this article is available online.     

Dual simplex method for GUB problems

The dual simplex method for generalized upper bound (GUB) problems is presented. One of the major operations in the dual simplex method is to update the elements of therth row, wherer is the index for the leaving basic variable. Those updated elements are used for the ratio test to determine the entering basic variabble. A very simple formula for therth row update for the dual simplex method for a GUB problem is derived, which is similar to the formula for the standard linear program. This derivation is based on the change key operation, which is to exchange the key column and its counterpart in the nonkey section. The change key operation is possible because of a theorem that guarantees the existence of such a counterpart.     

A NEW STEPSIZE FOR THE STEEPEST DESCENT METHOD

The steepest descent method is the simplest gradient method for optimization. It is well known that exact line searches along each steepest descent direction may converge very slowly. An important result was given by Barzilar and Borwein, which is proved to be superlinearly convergent for convex quadratic in two dimensional space, and performs quite well for high dimensional problems. The BB method is not monotone, thus it is not easy to be generalized for general nonlinear functions unless certain non-monotone techniques being applied. Therefore, it is very desirable to find stepsize formulae which enable fast convergence and possess the monotone property. Such a stepsize αk for the steepest descent method is suggested in this paper. An algorithm with this new stepsize in even iterations and exact line search in odd iterations is proposed. Numerical results are presented, which confirm that the new method can find the exact solution within 3 iteration for two dimensional problems. The new method is very efficient for small scale problems. A modified version of the new method is also presented, where the new technique for selecting the stepsize is used after every two exact line searches. The modified algorithm is comparable to the Barzilar-Borwein method for large scale problems and better for small scale problems.     

The Schwarz problem for analytic functions in torus-related domains

The Cauchy kernel is one of the two significant tools for solving the Riemann boundary value problem for analytic functions. For poly-domains, the Cauchy kernel is modified in such a way that it corresponds to a certain symmetry of the boundary values of holomorphic functions in poly-domains. This symmetry is lost if the classical counterpart of the one-dimensional form of the Cauchy kernel is applied. It is also decisive for the establishment of connection between the Riemann–Hilbert problem and the Riemann problem. Thus, not only the Schwarz problem for holomorphic functions in poly-domains is solved, but also the basis is established for solving some other problems. The boundary values of functions, holomorphic in poly-domains, are classified in the Wiener algebra. The general integral representation formulas for these functions, the solvability conditions and the solutions of the corresponding Schwarz problems are given explicitly. A necessary and sufficient condition for the boundary values of a holomorphic function for arbitrary poly-domains is given. At the end, well-posed formulations of the torus-related problems are considered.     

Matrix correction of a dual pair of improper linear programming problems

A matrix is sought that solves a given dual pair of systems of linear algebraic equations. Necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of solutions to this problem are obtained, and the form of the solutions is found. The form of the solution with the minimal Euclidean norm is indicated. Conditions for this solution to be a rank one matrix are examined. On the basis of these results, an analysis is performed for the following two problems: modifying the coefficient matrix for a dual pair of linear programs (which can be improper) to ensure the existence of given solutions for these programs, and modifying the coefficient matrix for a dual pair of improper linear programs to minimize its Euclidean norm. Necessary and sufficient conditions for the solvability of the first problem are given, and the form of its solutions is described. For the second problem, a method for the reduction to a nonlinear constrained minimization problem is indicated, necessary conditions for the existence of solutions are found, and the form of solutions is described. Numerical results are presented.     

Controllability of nonlinear systems

Some sufficient conditions are presented for the controllability of general nonlinear systems. First, the controllability problem is transformed into the problem of existence of fixed points for some operator; using Schauder's theorem, it is derived that a sufficient condition for controllability is the existence of a subsetS inC _n+m (T) which is invariant for a derived operator. Secondly, with the aid of the notion of comparison principle, the existence of the subsetS is guaranteed by the existence of solutions for some nonlinear integral inequality or equality equations. For example, one solution for such nonlinear integral equations is obtained under the assumption of the uniform boundedness for a nonlinear term of the differential equation.     

Evolution of solitary waves for a perturbed nonlinear Schrödinger equation

Soliton perturbation theory is used to determine the evolution of a solitary wave described by a perturbed nonlinear Schrödinger equation. Perturbation terms, which model wide classes of physically relevant perturbations, are considered. An analytical solution is found for the first-order correction of the evolving solitary wave. This solution for the solitary wave tail is in integral form and an explicit expression is found, for large time. Singularity theory, usually used for combustion problems, is applied to the large time expression for the solitary wave tail. Analytical results are obtained, such as the parameter regions in which qualitatively different types of solitary wave tails occur, the location of zeros and the location and amplitude of peaks, in the solitary wave tail. Two examples, the near-continuum limit of a discrete NLS equation and an explicit numerical scheme for the NLS equation, are considered in detail. For the discrete NLS equation it is found that three qualitatively different types of solitary wave tail can occur, while for the explicit finite-difference scheme, only one type of solitary wave tail occurs. An excellent comparison between the perturbation solution and numerical simulations, for the solitary wave tail, is found for both examples.