应用型工科院校大学物理实验改革初探

本文分析了当前工科大学物理实验教学的现状,针对不足提出了将课堂理论教学与实验教学相结合的教学理念,对大学物理实验教学模式、考核模式进行了改革初探。以适应工科院校以应用型人才培养为定位的教学要求。     

浅谈高中物理实验教学的创新模式与应用

在新课改的背景下,探索创新模式的高中物理实验教学,是培养学生实践能力,开启学生创新思维的重要途径。本文基于物理实验教学现状展开论述,指出物理实验教学存在的问题,从而阐述实施物理实验教学的创新模式的必要性和重要性。     

“三化、四结合实验教学模式”初探

本介绍了在高师物理实验教学中，试用“三化、四结合实验教学模式”，大面积提高实验教学质量和‘未来教师’实验教学素质的方法、措施及效果。     

混合教学模式在《光电仪器电子学实验》中的运用探索

高等学校实验教学承担着培养学生实践能力、创新能力和综合素质的重要任务。传统的实验教学模式在实验内容设置和安排上缺乏对学生自主研究、深度参与及提高综合能力的考虑,因而不利于学生个性和创新精神的养成。以《光电仪器电子学实验》课程为例提出了线上线下双反馈一体化的混合式实验教学模式。通过线上线下双反馈一体化的实验教学模式,可以形成一个发现问题、及时反馈、调整实验教学方案、跟踪评价并持续改进的闭环教育过程,有效提高学生学习的自主性、积极性,提高学习效果。     

大学物理实验分级教学探究

根据大学物理实验教学现状,提出同时进行分层次教学和分级实验教学模式.满足了不同层次学生的需求,有利于提高学生的实验能力及创新能力,提升了物理实验教学的质量,是对实验教学模式的进一步探索.     

大学物理实验教学发展历程中的组织模式

大学物理实验教学是理工类专业实践教育的重要环节。纵观物理教学的变革历程,发现大学物理实验教学的组织模式与所处社会经济发展水平、教育规模密切相关,大致可以归纳为师徒式、班组式和开放式三种基本模式。分析和理解这三种基本教学组织模式的特点及内涵,对当前深化大学物理实验教学改革,提高实验教学质量,优化实验室管理具有重要的意义。     

采用国际通用设备构建物理实验教学系统

正1主要内容采用通用设备,特别是国际通用设备构建实验教学系统,是中山大学物理实验教学中心在2008年提出的实验教学设备建设模式.该模式下,放弃原来功能单一的教学实验仪,采用基于传感器和数据采集器的通用测控设备,按积木式、组合式实验设备的理念,自行构建实验教学系统.     

应用信息技术培养创新型人才实验教学模式的思考与实践

文章提出面向大面积学生的设计性、研究性、开放性实验教学模式是激发学生学习热情、挖掘学生学习潜能、培养学生自主学习能力、培养大面积创新型人才的有效模式;信息技术是突破实验教学中设备、师资力量、课时等的困扰,实质性地实施该教学模式的重要保证.以南方科大物理实验教学为例阐述实施该模式的教学实践和教学效果.     

有限开放性大学物理实验教学模式的探讨

随着传统实验教学模式固有弊端的凸显,因材施教、分层教学的开放性实验教学模式已成为实验教学的发展方向．然而由于开放性实验教学改革所面临的困难短期内无法克服,更多地停留在口号层面上,而无实质性进展．本文在开放性实验教学思想的指导下,采用开放式实验教学与传统实验教学相结合的方法探索了一条更符合认知规律且与实际相适应的有限开放性实验教学方式,给出了部分供同行参考的设计性、研究性实验题目．首次提出了“开放度”的概念,并建议将实验教学的开放度作为重要指标列入高校教学水平评估和实验室评估的评估体系．     

基于校园网的开放式物理实验教学及管理模式的研究与应用

在进行物理实验教学体系改革的基础上,研究基于校园网的开放式物理实验教学及管理模式,探索地方工科院校的物理实验教学改革模式并在实验教学中应用。     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Measurement of nonlinear coefficient of optical fiber based on small chirped soliton transmission

We measure the waveform and phase curves of short optical pulses before and after transmission over different lengths of fibers by use of the pulse analyzer with the frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG),and numerically simulate pulse evolution under the experimental conditions.The nonlinear coefficient of the fiber is given by comparing the experimental results with the numerical ones.Difference between the experiment and numerical simulation is analyzed.     

Resonance scattering of canonical elastic shells in absorbing fluid medium

Resonance scattering of elastic spherical shell and cylindrical shell while the surrounding fluid medium has absorption is studied. The normal mode solution derived using exact elastic theory and the separation of variables is still applicable. However, the scattering form function has to be modified for the absorbing medium, otherwise the unreasonable result would be obtained. The backscattering form function in the absorbing medium is redefined, and the form function of elastic spherical and cylindrical shell with vacuum or solid matter filled is calculated in various absorption conditions. The results show that the absorption of surrounding fluid leads to notable attenuation of the coincidence resonances in the mid-frequency, but it has a little influence on the low-frequency resonance scattering induced by the filler inside the shell.     

Single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance sensor with high detection resolution

A versatile and low-cost single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance(SPR)sensing system with ultra-high resolution performance is presented.The system exhibits a root-mean-square phase fluctuation of ±0.0028.over a period of 45 min.i.e.a resolution of±5.2×10-9 refractive index units.The enhanced performance has been achieved through the incorporation of three design elements:a true single-beam configuration enabling complete self-referencing so that only the phase change associated with SPR gets detected,a differential measurement scheme to eliminate spurious signals not related to the sensor response,and the elimination of retardation drifts by incorporating temperature stabilization in the liquid crystal phase modulato .Our design should bring the detection sensitivity of non-labeling SPR biosensing closer to that achievable by conventional fluorescence-based techniques.     

Influences of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold of Ta2O5 films

Ta2O5 films are prepared on BK7 substrates with conventional electron beam evaporation deposition.The effects of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) of the films are investigated.The results show that SiO2 protective layers exert little influence on the electric field intensity(EFI)distribution,microstructure and microdefect density but increase the absorption slightly.Annealing iS effective on decreasing the microdefect density and the absorption of the films.Both SiO2 protective layers and annealing are beneficial to the damage resistance of the films and the latter is more effective to improve the LIDT.Moreover,the maximal LIDT of Ta2O5 films is achieved by the combination of SiO2 protective layers and annealing.     

A stereo matching algorithm using multi-peak candidate matches and geometric constraints

Gray cross correlation matching technique is adopted to extract candidate matches with gray cross correla- tion coefficients less than some certain range of maximal correlation coefficient called multi-peak candidate matches. Multi-peak candidates are extracted corresponding to three closest feature points at first. The corresponding multi-peak candidate matches are used to construct the model polygon. Correspondence is determined based on the local geometric relations between the three feature points and the multi-peak candidates. The disparity test and the global consistency checkout are applied to eliminate the remaining ambiguous matches that are not removed by the local geometric relational test. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is feasible and accurate.