Ground state solutions for a class of fractional Hamiltonian systems

In this paper we study the following fractional Hamiltonian systems

$$\begin{aligned} \left\{ \begin{array}{lllll} -_{t}D^{\alpha }_{\infty }(_{-\infty }D^{\alpha }_{t}x(t))- L(t).x(t)+\nabla W(t,x(t))=0, \\ x\in H^{\alpha }(\mathbb {R}, \mathbb {R}^{N}), \end{array} \right. \end{aligned}$$

where \(\alpha \in \left( {1\over {2}}, 1\right] ,\ t\in \mathbb {R}, x\in \mathbb {R}^N,\ _{-\infty }D^{\alpha }_{t}\) and \(_{t}D^{\alpha }_{\infty }\) are the left and right Liouville–Weyl fractional derivatives of order \(\alpha \) on the whole axis \(\mathbb {R}\) respectively, \(L:\mathbb {R}\longrightarrow \mathbb {R}^{2N}\) and \(W: \mathbb {R}\times \mathbb {R}^{N}\longrightarrow \mathbb {R}\) are suitable functions. One ground state solution is obtained by applying the monotonicity trick of Jeanjean and the concentration-compactness principle in the case where the matrix L(t) is positive definite and \(W \in C^{1}(\mathbb {R}\times \mathbb {R}^{N},\mathbb {R})\) is superquadratic but does not satisfy the usual Ambrosetti–Rabinowitz condition.

     

A Global Geometric Decomposition of Vector Fields and Applications to Topological Conjugacy

We give a global geometric decomposition of continuously differentiable vector fields on \(\mathbb{R}^{n}\). More precisely, given a vector field of class \(\mathcal{C}^{1}\) on \(\mathbb{R}^{n}\), and a geometric structure on \(\mathbb{R}^{n}\), we provide a unique global decomposition of the vector field as the sum of a left (right) gradient-like vector field (naturally associated to the geometric structure) with potential function vanishing at the origin, and a vector field which is left (right) orthogonal to the Euler vector field, with respect to the geometric structure. As application, we provide a criterion to decide topological conjugacy of complete vector fields of class \(\mathcal{C} ^{1}\) on \(\mathbb{R}^{n}\) based on topological conjugacy of the corresponding parts given by the associated geometric decompositions.

     

On the Fourier coefficients of certain Hilbert modular forms

We prove that given any \(\epsilon >0\), a non-zero adelic Hilbert cusp form \({\mathbf {f}}\) of weight \(k=(k_1,k_2,\ldots ,k_n)\in ({\mathbb {Z}}_+)^n\) and square-free level \(\mathfrak {n}\) with Fourier coefficients \(C_{{\mathbf {f}}}(\mathfrak {m})\), there exists a square-free integral ideal \(\mathfrak {m}\) with \(N(\mathfrak {m})\ll k_0^{3n+\epsilon }N(\mathfrak {n})^{\frac{6n^2+1}{2}+\epsilon }\) such that \(C_{{\mathbf {f}}}(\mathfrak {m})\ne 0\). The implied constant depends on \(\epsilon , F\).

     

The Berry–Esseen bounds of the weighted estimator in a nonparametric regression model

Consider the following nonparametric model: \(Y_{ni}=g(x_{ni})+ \varepsilon _{ni},1\le i\le n,\) where \(x_{ni}\in {\mathbb {A}}\) are the nonrandom design points and \({\mathbb {A}}\) is a compact set of \({\mathbb {R}}^{m}\) for some \(m\ge 1\), \(g(\cdot )\) is a real valued function defined on \({\mathbb {A}}\), and \(\varepsilon _{n1},\ldots ,\varepsilon _{nn}\) are \(\rho ^{-}\)-mixing random errors with zero mean and finite variance. We obtain the Berry–Esseen bounds of the weighted estimator of \(g(\cdot )\). The rate can achieve nearly \(O(n^{-1/4})\) when the moment condition is appropriate. Moreover, we carry out some simulations to verify the validity of our results.

     

Superlinear Elliptic Equations with Variable Exponent via Perturbation Method

We are concerned with the following \(p(x)\)-Laplacian equations in \(\mathbb{R}^{N}\)

$$ -\triangle _{p(x)} u+|u|^{p(x)-2}u= f(x,u)\quad \mbox{in } \mathbb{R} ^{N}. $$

The nonlinearity is superlinear but does not satisfy the Ambrosetti-Rabinowitz type condition. Our main difficulty is that the weak limit of (PS) sequence is not always the weak solution of this problem. To overcome this difficulty, by adding potential term and using mountain pass theorem, we get the weak solution \(u_{\lambda }\) of perturbation equations. First, we prove that \(u_{\lambda }\rightharpoonup u\) as \(\lambda \rightarrow 0\). Second, by using vanishing lemma, we get that \(u\) is a nontrivial solution of the original problem.

     

Proportionally modular numerical semigroups generated by arithmetic progressions

A numerical semigroup is a submonoid of \({{\mathbb {Z}}}_{\ge 0}\) whose complement in \({{\mathbb {Z}}}_{\ge 0}\) is finite. For any set of positive integers a, b, c, the numerical semigroup S(a, b, c) formed by the set of solutions of the inequality \(ax \bmod {b} \le cx\) is said to be proportionally modular. For any interval \([\alpha ,\beta ]\), \(S\big ([\alpha ,\beta ]\big )\) is the submonoid of \({{\mathbb {Z}}}_{\ge 0}\) obtained by intersecting the submonoid of \({{\mathbb {Q}}}_{\ge 0}\) generated by \([\alpha ,\beta ]\) with \({{\mathbb {Z}}}_{\ge 0}\). For the numerical semigroup S generated by a given arithmetic progression, we characterize a, b, c and \(\alpha ,\beta \) such that both S(a, b, c) and \(S\big ([\alpha ,\beta ]\big )\) equal S.

     

On Neyman–Pearson minimax detection of Poisson process intensity

The problem of the minimax testing of the Poisson process intensity \({\mathbf{s}}\) is considered. For a given intensity \({\mathbf{p}}\) and a set \(\mathcal{Q}\), the minimax testing of the simple hypothesis \(H_{0}: {\mathbf{s}} = {\mathbf{p}}\) against the composite alternative \(H_{1}: {\mathbf{s}} = {\mathbf{q}},\,{\mathbf{q}} \in \mathcal{Q}\) is investigated. The case, when the 1-st kind error probability \(\alpha \) is fixed and we are interested in the minimal possible 2-nd kind error probability \(\beta ({\mathbf{p}},\mathcal{Q})\), is considered. What is the maximal set \(\mathcal{Q}\), which can be replaced by an intensity \({\mathbf{q}} \in \mathcal{Q}\) without any loss of testing performance? In the asymptotic case (\(T\rightarrow \infty \)) that maximal set \(\mathcal{Q}\) is described.

     

On some constacyclic codes over $$\mathbb {Z}_{4}\left[ u\right] /\left\langle u^{2}-1\right\rangle $$, their $$\mathbb {Z}_4$$Z4 images,and new codes

In this paper, we study \(\lambda \)-constacyclic codes over the ring \(R=\mathbb {Z}_4+u\mathbb {Z}_4\) where \(u^{2}=1\), for \(\lambda =3+2u\) and \(2+3u\). Two new Gray maps from R to \(\mathbb {Z}_4^{3}\) are defined with the goal of obtaining new linear codes over \(\mathbb {Z}_4\). The Gray images of \(\lambda \)-constacyclic codes over R are determined. We then conducted a computer search and obtained many \(\lambda \)-constacyclic codes over R whose \(\mathbb {Z}_4\)-images have better parameters than currently best-known linear codes over \(\mathbb {Z}_4\).     

Representations of groups with CAT(0) fixed point property

We show that certain representations over fields with positive characteristic of groups having CAT\((0)\) fixed point property \(\mathrm{F}\mathcal {B}_{\widetilde{A}_n}\) have finite image. In particular, we obtain rigidity results for representations of the following groups: the special linear group over \({\mathbb {Z}}\), \({\mathrm{SL}}_k({\mathbb {Z}})\), the special automorphism group of a free group, \(\mathrm{SAut}(F_k)\), the mapping class group of a closed orientable surface, \(\mathrm{Mod}(\Sigma _g)\), and many other groups. In the case of characteristic zero, we show that low dimensional complex representations of groups having CAT\((0)\) fixed point property \(\mathrm{F}\mathcal {B}_{\widetilde{A}_n}\) have finite image if they always have compact closure.     

Estimates for coefficients of certain <Emphasis Type="Italic">L</Emphasis>-functions

Let \(\pi _{\varphi }\) (or \(\pi _{\psi }\)) be an automorphic cuspidal representation of \(\text {GL}_{2} (\mathbb {A}_{\mathbb {Q}})\) associated to a primitive Maass cusp form \(\varphi \) (or \(\psi \)), and \(\mathrm{sym}^j \pi _{\varphi }\) be the jth symmetric power lift of \(\pi _{\varphi }\). Let \(a_{\mathrm{sym}^j \pi _{\varphi }}(n)\) denote the nth Dirichlet series coefficient of the principal L-function associated to \(\mathrm{sym}^j \pi _{\varphi }\). In this paper, we study first moments of Dirichlet series coefficients of automorphic representations \(\mathrm{sym}^3 \pi _{\varphi }\) of \(\text {GL}_{4}(\mathbb {A}_{\mathbb {Q}})\), and \(\pi _{\psi }\otimes \mathrm{sym}^2 \pi _{\varphi }\) of \(\text {GL}_{6}(\mathbb {A}_{\mathbb {Q}})\). For \(3 \le j \le 8\), estimates for \(|a_{\mathrm{sym}^j \pi _{\varphi }}(n)|\) on average over a short interval have also been established.     

Existence,Nonexistence and Multiplicity Results of a Chern-Simons-Schrödinger System

We study the existence, nonexistence and multiplicity of solutions to Chern-Simons-Schrödinger system

$$\begin{aligned} \left \{ \textstyle\begin{array}{l@{\quad }l} -\Delta u+u+\lambda (\frac{h^{2}(|x|)}{|x|^{2}}+\int _{|x|}^{+ \infty }\frac{h(s)}{s}u^{2}(s)ds )u=|u|^{p-2}u,\quad x\in \mathbb{R}^{2}, \\ u\in H^{1}_{r}(\mathbb{R}^{2}), \end{array}\displaystyle \right . \end{aligned}$$

where \(\lambda >0\) is a parameter, \(p\in (2,4)\) and

$$ h(s)=\frac{1}{2} \int _{0}^{s}ru^{2}(r)dr. $$

We prove that the system has no solutions for \(\lambda \) large and has two radial solutions for \(\lambda \) small by studying the decomposition of the Nehari manifold and adapting the fibering method. We also give the qualitative properties about the energy of the solutions and a variational characterization of these extremals values of \(\lambda \). Our results improve some results in Pomponio and Ruiz (J. Eur. Math. Soc. 17:1463–1486, 2015).

     

A characterization of $$\mathbb {Z}_{2}\mathbb {Z}_{2}[u]$$-linear codes

We prove that the class of \(\mathbb {Z}_2\mathbb {Z}_2[u]\)-linear codes is exactly the class of \(\mathbb {Z}_2\)-linear codes with automorphism group of even order. Using this characterization, we give examples of known codes, e.g. perfect codes, which have a nontrivial \(\mathbb {Z}_2\mathbb {Z}_2[u]\) structure. Moreover, we exhibit some examples of \(\mathbb {Z}_2\)-linear codes which are not \(\mathbb {Z}_2\mathbb {Z}_2[u]\)-linear. Also, we state that the duality of \(\mathbb {Z}_2\mathbb {Z}_2[u]\)-linear codes is the same as the duality of \(\mathbb {Z}_2\)-linear codes. Finally, we prove that the class of \(\mathbb {Z}_2\mathbb {Z}_4\)-linear codes which are also \(\mathbb {Z}_2\)-linear is strictly contained in the class of \(\mathbb {Z}_2\mathbb {Z}_2[u]\)-linear codes.     

Some results on linear codes over the ring $$\mathbb {Z}_4+u\mathbb {Z}_4+v\mathbb {Z}_4+uv\mathbb {Z}_4$$

In this paper, we mainly study the theory of linear codes over the ring \(R =\mathbb {Z}_4+u\mathbb {Z}_4+v\mathbb {Z}_4+uv\mathbb {Z}_4\). By using the Chinese Remainder Theorem, we prove that R is isomorphic to a direct sum of four rings. We define a Gray map \(\Phi \) from \(R^{n}\) to \(\mathbb {Z}_4^{4n}\), which is a distance preserving map. The Gray image of a cyclic code over R is a linear code over \(\mathbb {Z}_4\). We also discuss some properties of MDS codes over R. Furthermore, we study the MacWilliams identities of linear codes over R and give the generator polynomials of cyclic codes over R.     

Functional Matrix Multipliers for Parseval Gabor Multi-frame Generators

We consider the problem of characterizing the bounded linear operator multipliers on \(L^{2}(\mathbb{R})\) that map Gabor frame generators to Gabor frame generators. We prove that a functional matrix \(M(t)=[f_{ij}(t)]_{m \times m}\) (where \(f_{ij}\in L^{\infty}(\mathbb{R})\)) is a multiplier for Parseval Gabor multi-frame generators with parameters \(a, b >0\) if and only if \(M(t)\) is unitary and \(M^{*}(t)M(t+\frac{1}{b})= \lambda(t)I\) for some unimodular \(a\)-periodic function \(\lambda(t)\). As a special case (\(m =1\)) this recovers the characterization of functional multipliers for Parseval Gabor frames with single function generators.

     

Exponential Decay of Correlations for a Real-Valued Dynamical System Generated by a $k$ Dimensional System

As a first step towards modelling real time-series, we study a class of real-variable, bounded processes \(\{X_{n}, n\in \mathbb{N}\}\) defined by a deterministic \(k\)-term recurrence relation \(X_{n+k} = \varphi (X _{n}, \ldots , X_{n+k-1})\). These processes are noise-free. We immerse such a dynamical system into \(\mathbb{R}^{k}\) in a slightly distorted way, which allows us to apply the multidimensional techniques introduced by Saussol (Isr. J. Math. 116:223–248, 2000) for deterministic transformations. The hypotheses we need are, most of them, purely analytic and consist in estimates satisfied by the function \(\varphi \) and by products of its first-order partial derivatives. They ensure that the induced transformation \(T\) is dilating. Under these conditions, \(T\) admits a greatest absolutely continuous invariant measure (ACIM). This implies the existence of an invariant density for \(X_{n}\), satisfying integral compatibility conditions. Moreover, if \(T\) is mixing, one obtains the exponential decay of correlations.

     

On the Failure of Multilinear Multiplier Theorem with Endpoint Smoothness Conditions

We study a multilinear version of the Hörmander multiplier theorem, namely

$$ \Vert T_{\sigma}(f_{1},\dots,f_{n})\Vert_{L^{p}}\lesssim \sup_{k\in\mathbb{Z}}{\Vert \sigma(2^{k}\cdot,\dots,2^{k}\cdot)\widehat{\phi^{(n)}}\Vert_{L^{2}_{(s_{1},\dots,s_{n})}}}\Vert f_{1}\Vert_{H^{p_{1}}}\cdots\Vert f_{n}\Vert_{H^{p_{n}}}. $$

We show that the estimate does not hold in the limiting case \(\min \limits {(s_{1},\dots ,s_{n})}=d/2\) or \({\sum}_{k\in J}{({s_{k}}/{d}-{1}/{p_{k}})}=-{1}/{2}\) for some \(J \subset \{1,\dots ,n\}\). This provides the necessary and sufficient condition on \((s_{1},\dots ,s_{n})\) for the boundedness of T_σ.

     

Excluding a full grid minor

In this paper we characterise the graphs containing a \(\mathbb {Z} \times \mathbb {Z}\) grid minor in a similar way as it has been done by Halin for graphs with an \(\mathbb {N} \times \mathbb {Z}\) grid minor. Using our characterisation, we describe the structure of graphs without \(\mathbb {Z} \times \mathbb {Z}\) grid minors in terms of tree-decompositions.     

On the difference spaces of almost convergent and strongly almost convergent double sequences

In this paper, we study the difference spaces \({\mathcal {F}}(\varDelta )\), \({\mathcal {F}}_0(\varDelta )\), \({\mathcal {[F]}}(\varDelta )\) and \({\mathcal {[F]}}_0(\varDelta )\) of double sequences obtained as the domain of four-dimensional backward difference matrix \(\varDelta \) in the spaces \({\mathcal {F}}\), \({\mathcal {F}}_{0}\), \({\mathcal {[F]}}\) and \({\mathcal {[F]}}_{0}\) of almost convergent, almost null, strongly almost convergent and strongly almost null double sequences; respectively. We examine general topological properties of those spaces and give some inclusion theorems. Furthermore, we deal with their dual spaces.

     

On univariate slash distributions,continuous and discrete

In this article, I explore in a unified manner the structure of uniform slash and \(\alpha \)-slash distributions which, in the continuous case, are defined to be the distributions of Y / U and \( Y_\alpha /U^{1/\alpha }\) where Y and \(Y_\alpha \) follow any distribution on \(\mathbb {R}^+\) and, independently, U is uniform on (0, 1). The parallels with the monotone and \(\alpha \)-monotone distributions of \( Y \times U\) and \(Y_\alpha \times U^{1/\alpha }\), respectively, are striking. I also introduce discrete uniform slash and \(\alpha \)-slash distributions which arise from a notion of negative binomial thinning/fattening. Their specification, although apparently rather different from the continuous case, seems to be a good one because of the close way in which their properties mimic those of the continuous case.

     

Global Regularity of 3D Nonhomogeneous Incompressible Micropolar Fluids

This paper is concerned with the global well-posedness of strong and classical solutions for the 3D nonhomogeneous incompressible micropolar equations with vacuum. We prove that the problem (1.1)–(1.5) has a unique global strong/classical solution \((\rho,u,w)\), provided \(\mu_{1}\) is sufficiently large, or \(\|\rho_{0}\|_{L^{\infty}}\) or \(\|\rho_{0}^{1/2}u_{0}\| ^{2}_{L^{2}}+\|\rho_{0}^{1/2}w_{0}\|^{2}_{L^{2}}\) is small enough.