共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 328 毫秒
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设计出一种非接触式高速运动物体速度测量系统,在CCD单帧曝光时间内利用闪光灯对飞行中的物体进行两次闪光照明,CCD对两个不同位置的飞行物体成像,设定两个光脉冲之间的时间间隔以及测量出两个物体像之间的距离即可算出其飞行速度.该系统能够进行实时测量,突破了空间单点测量技术的局限,可在同一幅图像上记录下不同时刻多个空间点目标的图像信息,以及同一时刻不同空间点目标的图像信息,从而可以获得目标运动的瞬时速度. 相似文献
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为测量航天遥感相机因姿态不稳定以及各种扰动引起的图像运动,提出了基于光速处理的高精度光电混合相关探测测量方法.利用高速CCD和主CCD对同一目标进行成像,在曝光时间内高速CCD获取序列图像,利用联合变换相关器对所采集的图像序列进行光学运算,测量出相邻序列图像的运动位移.阐述了光学相关方法测量图像运动的原理,并模拟分析了噪声和不同运动条件下的测量精度.建立了相应的测量像移的实验系统,实验数字模拟及实验结果都证实了该方法的有效性,测量精度优于0.1像元,满足卫星遥感相机的使用要求. 相似文献
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基于单目视觉的静止目标定位方法 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以无人机感知与避障为背景,提出了基于运动的单目视觉测距方法.选择摄像机运动过程中在不同位置对同一目标获取的两幅图像,然后利用尺度不变特征变换算法对所选图像进行特征检测和匹配,通过分析同一目标特征点在两幅图像中不同成像位置的变化,结合无人飞行器自身的运动参数,求解出无人飞行器与障碍目标之间的位置信息.采用该方法对不同位置的目标进行定位实验,结果表明该算法的测量精度和时效性可以满足实际避障的要求. 相似文献
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为了测量弹丸水面落点的位置, 建立了基于CCD相机动态像面的测量模型。该模型通过CCD相机辅助采集相关点位的图像信息, 对水面落点的位置函数以及误差进行了研究。首先, 利用空间几何获得靶船上三定点相对于测量船的方位、俯仰信息。接着, 结合t时刻观测图像上定点的像面坐标, 运用底片常数模型建立像面坐标和角度信息两套参量之间的关系函数, 从而得到目标落点的方位、俯仰信息, 再利用异面交会法计算出目标落点位置。最后, 分析了目标落点位置的误差来源(质心误差, 位置误差)、误差以及各误差源与位置坐标之间的关系。实验结果表明:在测量船位置精度达到0.05 m, 图像质心定位精度达到0.5 pixel时, 在最小交会误差的情况下, 目标落点的位置测量误差分别为2.8, 4.9, 4.3 m。 相似文献
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传统单目视觉系统在测量物体空间方位角方面存在一定的局限性,只能检测出视场范围内物体的空间方位角,对于不在CCD视场范围内物体的检测难以实现。为此,提出一种旋转矩阵法来测量非可视区域下物体的空间方位角。旋转矩阵法根据张正友标定法原理,通过对合作目标上的特征点进行识别标定处理,求出合作目标旋转轴空间方位角,间接求出物体在CCD非可视区域下的空间方位角。实验表明,该方法具有一定的可行性和稳定性,采用该方法计算出的物体空间方位角的均方根误差均不高于0.06。 相似文献
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单摄像机虚拟立体视觉测量技术研究 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
以双目立体视觉传感器三维测量模型为基础,提出了一种用于测量空间三维点坐标的低成本单摄像机模型。该模型利用光学成像,把单摄像机镜像为一对虚拟摄像机,在一个CCD像面上采集到同一物体存在视差的两幅图像,从而恢复空间点的三维信息。讨论了单摄像机传感器测量空间三维点坐标的基本原理,建立了单摄像机传感器的测量模型,克服了双摄像机系统中成本高、切换采集左右摄像机的图像使检测速度减慢等诸多缺陷,为空间三维点的精密测量提供了经济、快速、有效的测量途径。实验表明.传感器可实现约0.8%的相对测量精度.证明了本方案合理、有效。 相似文献
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Zhu BL Bai YL Wang B Liu BY Ouyang X Yang WZ Bai XH Qin JJ Zhao JP Gou YS Lu K 《光谱学与光谱分析》2012,32(4):1028-1031
针对瞬态光谱检测中对CCD线扫描速度要求高的特点,提出一种基于面阵CCD的瞬态光谱检测方法。该方法通过改变面阵CCD的电荷转移方式,以实现基于面阵CCD的高速线扫描。为了探究此方法的可行性,初步通过改变线阵CCD的电荷转移方式,建立了基于线阵CCD的单点超快探测系统。在发光二极管(light emitting diode,LED)光脉冲探测实验中,系统分别工作在单点超快探测模式和正常模式下。测试结果表明,基于线阵CCD的单点超快探测方法是可行的,单点探测速率可达20MHz。从而在理论上证明,通过改变CCD电荷转移方式以实现基于面阵CCD的瞬态光谱检测也是切实可行的。 相似文献
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Zhao Peng 《Optics & Laser Technology》2011,43(1):204-207
In this paper, we propose a novel scheme for speed measurement of a moving object with translational motion. First, this scheme uses one interlaced scan CCD camera to obtain only one interlaced scan image of a moving object. The odd and even field images are extracted and resized. Second, image matte is applied in these two field images to extract the moving object’s silhouettes. The distance between two centroids in the two silhouettes is then computed. Finally, the object’s speed is calculated using the above distance and the camera imaging parameters. Simulation and real experiments prove that our scheme can fulfill the speed measurement for translational motion accurately. 相似文献
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Surface profile inspection of a moving object by using dual-frequency Fourier transform profilometry
The 2π phase ambiguity caused by surface isolations and large height step can be solved by dual-frequency projection grating profilometry. However, in the Fourier transform profilometry (FTP) of a moving object, only one single deformed fringe pattern can be obtained. In order to introduce the dual-frequency technique into the FTP of moving object, a novel experimental system is designed to capture two fringe patterns with different frequency at the same time. A grating structure comprising two regions with different frequencies is projected upon the surface of the detected object. Two line-scan CCD cameras are used to capture the surface images encoded by the two kinds of patterns, respectively. By getting the corresponding image intensity at the same point of the object surface in the two acquired images, the dual-frequency technique is applied to extract the real phase without phase ambiguity. The surface profile of a specimen with a large height step is measured to prove the feasibility of the proposed method. The experimental results show that the proposed method can solve the 2π phase ambiguity problem successfully in the surface profile inspection of a moving object. 相似文献
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采用长焦距镜头的后工作空间全口径分光原理,利用门控型像增强器、CCD相机、基于大规模可编程集成电路的高速快门控制触发系统等部件,研制了具有较高时间分辨能力和高灵敏度的两分幅高速相机,并在此基础上建立了束参数的高速测量系统。两分幅相机的最高快门速度约3 ns,幅间间隔时间则具有以0.5 ns的步进进行调节的能力;快门时间及幅间间隔时间可以分别独立调节,最大可到1 s;同时具有较好的线性度和空间响应的均匀性,等效背景噪声低到约5 electronspixel-1s-1,并且分幅相机灵敏度调节范围大。该系统一次可以拍摄两幅图像,图像阵列可达到1 0241 024,满足神龙一号的各种测量要求。 相似文献
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The π phase-shifting Fourier transform technique is introduced into the surface profile measurement of moving objects. A digital grating comprising two regions, which have a π phase shifting is projected onto the object. Two line-scan CCD cameras are used to capture two deformed fringe patterns with π phase shifting at the same time. As the object is moving, each point at the object surface can be captured twice. The digital correlation method is used to calibrate the experimental system. The zero-order component can be eliminated by subtracting intensities of the same surface point in two captured images. And then the phase can be extracted by Fourier transform without the disturbance of zero-order component. Experimental results demonstrate that this method is feasible for the moving surface profile detection and the measurable slope of height variation can be extended. 相似文献
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It is difficult to realize real-time measurement of exterior attitude by the traditional systems based on the area image sensor which have conflict between speed and accuracy.The subsystem for three-dimensional (3D) coordinate rcconstruction of point target (S3DCRPT) which is composed of three one-dimensional (1D) cameras based on linear charge-coupled device (CCD) can determine the distant light spots' spatial position. The attitude angle of the measured object is determined by the spatial solution while the coordinate reconstruction is separately carried on by the S3DCRPT with some point cooperation targets (PCTs) on the measured object. A new optical system is designed to solve the interference problem with one-to-one relationship between the PCTs and the S3DCRPT optical subsystems,which improves the measurement accuracy and saves space. The mathematical model of the attitude measurement is established,and partial and global calibrations are realized for the multi-camera attitude measurement system.The test results show the feasibility of the exterior attitude measurement based on linear CCD. 相似文献