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3D resistive MHD simulations are used to show how the properties of the "fundamental" mode of modulated ablation in wire-array Z pinches, are consistent with the growth of a modified m=0-like instability. The modulation wavelength, structure, and evolution is found to be governed by the magnetic topology and is largely independent of the initial conditions. The perturbation amplitude as a function of wire number is shown to be consistent with experimental x-ray power scaling. Simulations of an array of helical wires show a substantial reduction in the amplitude of the instability. 相似文献
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Rudakov LI Velikovich AL Davis J Thornhill JW Giuliani JL Deeney C 《Physical review letters》2000,84(15):3326-3329
In numerous experiments, magnetic energy coupled to strongly radiating Z-pinch plasmas exceeds the thermalized kinetic energy, sometimes by a factor of 2-3. We demonstrate that the enhanced energy coupling may be due to the buoyancy rise of toroidal magnetic flux tubes converging to the axis through the unstable pinch plasma. We derive an explicit formula for the enhanced dissipation rate and apply this formula to reconsider an old problem of power balance in a steady-state Z pinch, and then to analyze a new challenge of producing K-shell 3 to 10 keV radiation in long-pulse Z-pinch implosions. 相似文献
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基于脉冲半高全宽约为9 ns、波长为532 nm的Nd:YAG激光器,采用条纹相机和商用数码相机两种记录设备,建立了时间分辨和时间积分两种模式的激光阴影图像诊断系统,在"强光一号"装置上对表面绝缘混合平面丝阵Z箍缩等离子体开展了实验研究.实验结果表明:在融蚀过程中表面绝缘金属丝冕等离子体发展较普通金属丝慢,在t=44ns到t=56ns之间,其平均膨胀速度分别为1.1×104m·s-1和1.7×104m·s-1;在等离子体滞止前10 ns的快速聚爆过程中,表面绝缘金属丝和普通金属丝两侧的平均聚爆速度分别为5.5×105m·s-1和9.3×105m·s-1,表面绝缘一侧等离子体滞止时间小于普通金属丝一侧,分别为5.9 ns和9.5 ns;等离子体碰撞分界线偏向于表面绝缘一侧,滞止时形成的磁流体不稳定性结构类似. 相似文献
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Ivanov VV Sotnikov VI Haboub A Shevelko AP Astanovitskiy AL Morozov A Kazakov ED Altemara SD 《Physical review letters》2008,100(2):025004
Implosions in starlike triple and quadruple wire arrays were investigated in a 1 MA Zebra generator. Implosion in these loads is directed along the rays of the star and cascades from wire to wire to the center. Shadowgraphy shows improved homogeneity of imploding plasma and mitigation of instabilities. Despite the low azimuthal symmetry, starlike wire arrays produce a stable x-ray pulse with the highest peak power of >0.4 TW and the shortest duration of 8-12 ns among different types of tested loads. This can be linked to stabilization of instabilities due to the multiple nesting. 相似文献
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Ivanov VV Sotnikov VI Sarkisov GS Cowan TE Bland SN Jones B Coverdale CA Deeney C Laca PJ Astanovitskiy AL Haboub A 《Physical review letters》2006,97(12):125001
The dynamics of mass transport were observed in a wire array implosion with multiframe laser probing. Plasma bubbles arise at breaks in the wires. Interferometry shows that the leading edge of the bubbles brings material to the axis of the array. The speed of this material was measured to be > or =3 x 10(7) cm/s during the wire array implosion. A shock was observed during the collision of the bubbles with the precursor. The Faraday effect indicates current flowing in breaks on the wires. The current switches from the imploding mass to the on-axis plasma column at the beginning of the x-ray pulse. 相似文献
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Lebedev SV Beg FN Bland SN Chittenden JP Dangor AE Haines MG Pikuz SA Shelkovenko TA 《Physical review letters》2000,85(1):98-101
We present the first measurements by x-ray radiography of the development of instabilities during the implosion phase of wire array Z pinches. The seeding of perturbations on the dense core of each wire is provided by nonuniform sweeping of the low-density coronal plasma from the cores by the global JxB force. The spatial scale of these perturbations ( approximately 0.5 mm for Al and approximately 0.25 mm for W) is determined by the size of the wire cores ( approximately 0.25 mm for Al and approximately 0.1 mm for W). A qualitative change in implosion dynamics, with transition to 0D-like trajectory, was observed in Al arrays when the ratio of interwire gap to wire core size was decreased to approximately 3. 相似文献
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在高功率微波应用中,同轴线的阻抗匹配十分重要。通过同轴线内导体的渐变,可以实现阻抗变换与阻抗匹配。内导体渐变可以采用多项式、余弦、指数等函数形式。用时域有限差分方法计算同轴线的反射系数,以同轴线内导体渐变段的长度和反射系数达到最小为目标,采用遗传算法优化渐变段的结构参数,得到了反射系数为0.015、渐变长度为148 mm的同轴线阻抗变换结构。在一套具有16节点的Beowulf型并行计算机系统上采用主从式并行计算技术完成了计算,缩短了遗传算法搜索时间。最后计算和分析了该同轴线阻抗变换结构的带宽和微波功率容量,该结构峰值功率达8.734 MW。 相似文献
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在高功率微波应用中,同轴线的阻抗匹配十分重要。通过同轴线内导体的渐变,可以实现阻抗变换与阻抗匹配。内导体渐变可以采用多项式、余弦、指数等函数形式。用时域有限差分方法计算同轴线的反射系数,以同轴线内导体渐变段的长度和反射系数达到最小为目标,采用遗传算法优化渐变段的结构参数,得到了反射系数为0.015、渐变长度为148 mm的同轴线阻抗变换结构。在一套具有16节点的Beowulf型并行计算机系统上采用主从式并行计算技术完成了计算,缩短了遗传算法搜索时间。最后计算和分析了该同轴线阻抗变换结构的带宽和微波功率容量,该结构峰值功率达8.734 MW。 相似文献
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Harvey-Thompson AJ Lebedev SV Burdiak G Waisman EM Hall GN Suzuki-Vidal F Bland SN Chittenden JP De Grouchy P Khoory E Pickworth L Skidmore J Swadling G 《Physical review letters》2011,106(20):205002
A new wire array configuration has been used to create thin shell-like implosions in a cylindrical array. The setup introduces a ~5 kA, ~25 ns current prepulse followed by a ~140 ns current-free interval before the application of the main (~1 MA) current pulse. The prepulse volumetrically heats the wires which expand to ~1 mm diameter leaving no dense wire core and without development of instabilities. The main current pulse then ionizes all the array mass resulting in suppression of the ablation phase, an accelerating implosion, and no trailing mass. Rayleigh-Taylor instability growth in the imploding plasma is inferred to be seeded by μm-scale perturbations on the surface of the wires. The absence of wire cores is found to be the critical factor in altering the implosion dynamics. 相似文献
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Harvey-Thompson AJ Lebedev SV Patankar S Bland SN Burdiak G Chittenden JP Colaitis A De Grouchy P Doyle HW Hall GN Khoory E Hohenberger M Pickworth L Suzuki-Vidal F Smith RA Skidmore J Suttle L Swadling GF 《Physical review letters》2012,108(14):145002
A Thomson scattering diagnostic has been used to measure the parameters of cylindrical wire array Z pinch plasmas during the ablation phase. The scattering operates in the collective regime (α>1) allowing spatially localized measurements of the ion or electron plasma temperatures and of the plasma bulk velocity. The ablation flow is found to accelerate towards the axis reaching peak velocities of 1.2-1.3×10(7) cm/s in aluminium and ~1×10(7) cm/s in tungsten arrays. Precursor ion temperature measurements made shortly after formation are found to correspond to the kinetic energy of the converging ablation flow. 相似文献
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Jones B Deeney C McKenney JL Ampleford DJ Coverdale CA Lepell PD Shelton KP Safronova AS Kantsyrev VL Osborne G Sotnikov VI Ivanov VV Fedin D Nalajala V Yilmaz F Shrestha I 《Physical review letters》2008,100(10):105003
Axially localized NaF dopants are coated onto Al cylindrical wire arrays in order to act as spectroscopic tracers in the stagnated z-pinch plasma. Non-local-thermodynamic-equilibrium kinetic models fit to Na K-shell lines provide an independent measurement of the density and temperature that is consistent with spectroscopic analysis of K-shell emissions from Al and an alloyed Mg dopant. Axial transport of the Na dopant is observed, enabling quantitative study of instabilities in dense z-pinch plasmas. 相似文献
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A. V. Shishlov R. B. Baksht S. A. Chaikovsky A. V. Fedunin F. I. Fursov V. A. Kokshenev N. E. Kurmaev A. Yu. Labetsky V. I. Oreshkin N. A. Ratakhin A. G. Russkikh S. V. Shlykhtun 《Laser Physics》2006,16(1):183-193
Argon K-shell plasma radiation source experiments were carried out on the GIT-12 generator [Bugaev, S.P. et al., 1997, Russian Phys. Journal, 40, 38] for a long (300 ns) implosion regime. The performance of a shell-on-solid-fill double gas puff was characterized in
the experiments with and without an external axial magnetic field. The maximum Ar K-shell radiation yield registered in the
experiments without an axial magnetic field was at the level of 1100 J/cm. This yield is consistent with the theoretically
predicted yield for a short (100 ns) implosion regime. The experiments showed that the initial magnetic field which provides
stabilization of the shell-on-solid-fill double gas puff was lower than that required for stabilization of a single annular
gas puff. Satisfactory stabilization of the double gas puff was observed at an initial axial magnetic field of 1.4 kG. The
maximum Ar K-shell radiation yield registered in the experiments with the axial magnetic field did not exceed 400 J/cm. A
sharp reduction of the K-shell yield cannot be explained only by taking into account the energy losses associated with the
compression of the axial magnetic field.
Original Text ? Astro, Ltd., 2006. 相似文献
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An absolute cryogenic radiometer(ACR) with a detachable optical window was designed and built for high accuracy optical radiant power measurement and photodetector spectral responsivity calibration. The ACR receiver is an electroplated pure copper cavity with a 50-μm-thick wall and inner surface coated with a specular black polymer material mixed with highly dispersible carbon nanotubes. The absorptivity of the cavity receivers was evaluated to be ≥0.9999 in the 250 nm–16 μm wavelength range and ≥0.99995 in 500 nm–16 μm. The cavity receiver works at the temperature of ~5.2 K with nanowatt-level noise-equivalent power. The relative standard uncertainty is 0.041% for the measurement of ~100 μW optical radiant power(250 nm–16 μm) and 0.015% for~1 m W(500 nm–16 μm). 相似文献
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研制了中心频率为300 MHz的宽带高功率贴片天线,并进行了高功率实验研究。采用Taguchi全局优化算法对双层贴片天线的结构参数进行优化设计,使其驻波比小于3的带宽达到60.2%,最大增益8.1 dB。为提高其功率容量,对贴片、介质基底和馈电结构进行了改进和相应的绝缘设计。小信号测试结果与理论计算吻合,实测带宽达到64.2%。高功率实验中,馈入峰值89 kV和-81 kV的双极的脉冲,辐射因子达到75.2 kV,等效峰值辐射功率为188.5 MW,辐射场频谱的3 dB带宽为46%,实测能量方向图与模拟结果相符,半能量角宽约为90°。 相似文献