基于高温超导双晶结的约瑟夫森效应观测实验

基于YBa2Cu3O7-δ高温超导双晶结,组建了约瑟夫森效应测试装置.利用此装置观察了直流和交流约瑟夫森效应,并测量了约瑟夫森结的临界电流和夏皮罗台阶.     

Josephson effect in hybrid oxide heterostructures with an antiferromagnetic layer

Josephson coupling between an s- and d-wave superconductor through a 50 nm thick Ca1-xSrxCuO2 antiferromagnetic layer was observed for the hybrid Nb/Au/Ca1-xSrxCuO2/YBa2Cu3O7-delta heterostructures and investigated as a function of temperature, magnetic field, and applied millimeter-wave electromagnetic radiation. The magnetic field dependence of the supercurrent I(c)(H) exhibits anomalously rapid oscillations, which is the first experimental evidence of the theoretically predicted giant magneto-oscillations in Josephson junctions with antiferromagnetic interlayers.     

Observation of splintered Josephson vortices at grain boundaries in YBa(2)Cu(3)O(7-delta)

We have directly observed well-separated Josephson vortex splinters with unquantized magnetic flux at asymmetric 45 degrees grain boundaries in YBa(2)Cu(3)O(7-delta) films by imaging magnetic flux with scanning SQUID microscopy. The existence of these splinter vortices has been predicted and is well described by a model based on dx(2)(-y(2)) pairing symmetry and facetting of the grain boundary on a length scale shorter than the Josephson penetration depth.     

New Josephson plasma modes in underdoped YBa2Cu3O6.6 induced by a parallel magnetic field

The c-axis reflectivity spectrum of underdoped YBa2Cu3O6.6 (YBCO) is measured below T(c)=59 K in parallel magnetic fields H parallel CuO2 up to 7 T. Upon application of a parallel field, a new peak appears at finite frequency in the optical conductivity at the expense of suppression of c-axis condensate weight. We conclude that the dramatic change originates from different Josephson coupling strengths between bilayers with and without Josephson vortices. We find that the 400 cm(-1) broad conductivity peak in YBCO gains the spectral weight under parallel magnetic field; this indicates that the condensate weight at omega=0 is distributed to this peak as well as to the new optical Josephson mode.     

高温超导量子干涉器中的约瑟夫森结

超导量子干涉器（SQUID）是以约瑟夫森结为核心元件的极其灵敏的磁通-电压转换器.在最近20年间,超导电子学界利用多种铜氧化物高温超导材料,制造出了高温超导约瑟夫森结乃至高温超导量子干涉器（高Tc SQUID）;特别是,利用YBa2Cu3O7-δ（YBCO）制出了多种高温超导约瑟夫森结,并进而制成了具有一定实用性的高Tc SQUID.文章主要是对高Tc SQUID中所使用的高温超导约瑟夫森结进行评述.     

Degenerate ground state in a mesoscopic YBa2Cu3O(7-x) grain boundary Josephson junction

We have measured the current-phase relationship I(varphi) of symmetric 45 degrees YBa2Cu3O7-x grain boundary Josephson junctions. Substantial deviations of the Josephson current from conventional tunnel-junction behavior have been observed: (i) The critical current exhibits, as a function of temperature T, a local minimum at a temperature T*. (ii) At T approximately T*, the first harmonic of I(phi) changes sign. (iii) For T相似文献   

高Tc氧化物超导体的电子结构

本文综述了高Tc氧化物超导体(La_2CuO_4及YBa_2Cu_3O_(7-8)的(计算)电子结构。本文基于Freeman教授研究组的工作。 (1) 体心四方结构的La_2CuO_4能带结构计算结果表明:La_2CuO_4的电子结构由在正方形Cu-O平面内的Cu3d-O2p相瓦作用所控制。存在一个沿[110]方向|q|=2k_F(强的)迭套的Fermi表面,它导致了电子驱动的结构失稳,以及在电子状态密度上的VanHove对数奇性。此种Fermi面的迭套被认为是引起了(Peierls 2k_F)失稳性,从而解释了La_(2-x)M_xCuO_4由四方结构到正交结构的相变。 (2) 如同在La_(2-x)M_xCuO_4中的情况一样,具正交结构的YBa_2Cu_3O_(7-8)的电子结构由Cu-O间的相互作用所支配;同时存在着二维及一维的Cu3d-O2p相互作用为YBa_2Cu_3O_(7-8)电子结构的特征。YBa2Cu_3O_(7-8)在E_F处的状态密度值低于La_(2-x)M_xCuO_4的相应值,在YBa_2Cu_3O_(7-8)中的Y或Ba原子作用如同一电子的施主。     

Tunneling between dissimilar high-T(c) oxide superconductors

We report the first successful fabrication and measurement of high-T(c) heterojunctions with different oxide electrodes, YBa(2)Cu(3)O(7-y) and Bi(2)Sr(2)CaCu(2)O(y). Different kinds of junction characteristics are observable according to the magnitude of the tunnel resistance. With higher tunnel resistance, gap structures corresponding to two gaps are clearly observed, ensuring that the conventional tunneling scheme is also valid for this geometry. Peculiar behavior for the zero bias conductance peak is also observable. Josephson current is found to flow between these dissimilar superconductors.     

Anomalous proximity effect in underdoped YBa2Cu3O6+x josephson junctions

Josephson junctions were photogenerated in underdoped thin films of the YBa2Cu3O6+x family using a near-field scanning optical microscope. The observation of the Josephson effect for separations as large as 100 nm between two wires indicates the existence of an anomalously large proximity effect and shows that the underdoped insulating material in the gap of the junction is readily perturbed into the superconducting state. The critical current of the junctions was found to be consistent with the conventional Josephson relationship. This result appears to constrain the applicability of SO(5) theory to explain the phase diagram of high critical temperature superconductors.     

Direct evidence for block-by-block growth in high-temperature superconductor ultrathin films

Charge neutrality and stoichiometry impose severe restrictions on the mechanisms of epitaxial growth of complex oxides. The fundamental question arises of what is the minimum growth unit when sample thickness is reduced beyond the size of the unit cell. We have investigated the growth mechanism of YBa2Cu3O7 cuprate superconductor, using a consistent approach based on the growth of noninteger numbers of YBa2Cu3O7 layers in YBa(2)Cu(3)O(7)/PrBa(2)Cu3O7 superlattices. Ex situ chemical and structural analysis evidence a 2D block-by-block mechanism in which the minimum growth units are complete unit cell blocks, growing coherently over large lateral distances.     

Intrinsic d-wave effects in YBa(2)Cu(3)O(7-delta) grain boundary Josephson junctions

We have measured the angular dependence of the Josephson critical current density (J(C)) in c-axis tilt biepitaxial grain boundary YBa(2)Cu(3)O(7-delta) junctions. We observe for the first time intrinsic d-wave pairing symmetry effects manifested as an oscillatory dependence of J(C) on angle. This intrinsic effect is evident even though spontaneous currents, possibly induced by faceting or barrier impurities, are observed in the grain boundaries.     

Cu位La、 Gd掺杂YBa2Cu3O7-δ结构和磁通钉扎的比较

多晶样品YBa2Cu3-xLaxO7-δ(0≤x≤0.15)和YBa2Cu3-xGdxO7-δ(0≤x≤0.15)通过固相反应法制备得来.通过结构参数分析,我们发现La首先替代Cu(1)位,然后开始部分替代Ba,而Gd开始替代Cu(2)位然后替代Cu(1)位.YBa2Cu3-xLaxO7-δ和YBa2Cu3-xGdxO...     

Effects of vortex pinning and thermal fluctuations on the Josephson plasma resonance in Tl2Ba2CaCu2O8 and YBa2Cu3O6.5

We investigated the temperature dependence and c-axis magnetic field dependence of the Josephson plasma resonance in optimally doped Tl2Ba2CaCu2O8 thin films and underdoped YBa2Cu3O6.5 (YBCO) ortho-II single crystals using infrared spectroscopy. We obtained the c-axis penetration depths, at low temperature, in zero fields of about 20 and 7 microm, respectively. While the temperature dependencies of the resonances in the two compounds are very similar, the magnetic field dependence in YBCO is much weaker. We attribute this weak magnetic field dependence to the lower anisotropy of YBCO and interpret the observed behaviors in terms of thermal fluctuations and pinning of pancake vortices.     

YBa_2Cu_3O_(7-x)对氧的检测灵敏度和响应速度

研究了高温超导体 YBa2 Cu3O7- x块材和厚膜在温度区间 40 0℃到 85 0℃电阻率随环境氧分压的变化关系 ,初步探索了其作为氧传感器材料的可能性。并研究了 YBa2 Cu3O7- x在不同温度条件下对氧的检测灵敏度和响应速度。实验表明 YBa2 Cu3O7- x对氧有较强的选择性 ,同一温度下电阻率随氧分压的增大而减小 ,且有较快的响应速度。氧分压减小时电阻率增大 ,块材响应速度较慢 ,但是制成厚膜后可提高其响应速度     

Observation of spontaneous flux generation in a multi-josephson-junction loop

We describe observations of spontaneous flux generation inside a YBa(2)Cu(3)O(7-delta) loop made of 214 Josephson junctions in series. The flux is generated spontaneously during cooldown into the superconducting state. The experiment is motivated by the Kibble-Zurek scenario of formation of topological defects in condensed matter systems. The transition from decoupled superconducting segments into a coherent loop is determined by the strength of thermal fluctuations in the junctions. Values of the flux measured at the end of each cooldown follow a normal distribution, and are consistent with the instantaneous phase differences across the junctions adding up as the loop becomes coherent.     

YBa_2Cu_3O_7基面电子态特性计算

用散射理论描述了 YBa2 Cu3O7( 0 0 1)面的电子能带结构。用近似到第三近邻的紧束缚模型得到了 YBCO的体电子态密度 ,Cu O及 Cu O2 的表面态密度和表面投影能带 ,进而分析了 Cu O和 Cu O2 的表面态密度的特点及与体态密度的差别。     

高温超导YBa2Cu3O7-δ-Y2O3多层薄膜的制备及性能表征

采用脉冲激光沉积技术(PLD)在LaAlO3(100)单晶衬底上外延生长YBa2Cu3O7-δ-Y2O3多层薄膜,用X射线衍射技术(XRD)分析薄膜的物相结构和外延特性,通过原子力显微镜(AFM)观察薄膜的表面形貌.本文主要研究了最佳工艺参数下交替生长多层YBCO-Y2O3膜的超导性能.结果表明,YBa2Cu3O7-δ-Y2O3薄膜为纯c轴取向外延生长,临界电流密度Jc(H=0或H//C)均高于纯YBCO薄膜,纳米Y2O3起到磁通钉扎中心作用.     

Fabrication and properties of high performance YBa_2Cu_3O_(7-δ) radio frequency SQUIDs with step-edge Josephson junctions

We describe the fabrication of high performance YBa2Cu3O7-δ（YBCO） radio frequency（RF） superconducting quantum interference devices（SQUIDs）, which were prepared on 5 mm×5 mm LaAlO3（LAO） substrates by employing stepedge junctions（SEJs） and in flip-chip configuration with 12 mm×12 mm resonators. The step in the substrate was produced by Ar ion etching with step angles ranging from 47°to 61°, which is steep enough to ensure the formation of grain boundaries（GBs） at the step edges. The YBCO film was deposited using the pulsed laser deposition（PLD） technique with a film thickness half of the height of the substrate step. The inductance of the SQUID washer was designed to be about 157 pH.Under these circumstances, high performance YBCO RF SQUIDs were successfully fabricated with a typical flux-voltage transfer ratio of 83 mV/Φ0, a white flux noise of 29 μΦ0/（Hz）^1/2, and the magnetic field sensitivity as high as 80 fT/（Hz）^1/2.These devices have been applied in magnetocardiography and geological surveys.     

Macroscopic quantum tunneling in d-wave YBa2Cu3O7-delta Josephson junctions

The escape rate from the zero voltage state in a superconducting Josephson junction (JJ) is determined by the temperature, but it saturates at low temperature due to macroscopic quantum tunneling (MQT). Complications due to d-wave symmetry in a high temperature superconductor, like low energy quasiparticles and an unconventional current-phase relation, may influence the escape rate. We report, for the first time to our knowledge, the observation of MQT in a YBa(2)Cu(3)O(7-delta) grain boundary biepitaxial JJ. This proves that dissipation can be significantly reduced by a proper junction configuration, which is of significance for quantum coherence.